Exam 12: Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

What is the probability of rolling a die twice and getting a 2 and a 6 in no particular order?

Events X and Y are independent of each other. If the probability of event X occurring is 1 in 4, and the probability of event Y occurring is 1 in 5, the probability of both events occurring is ____.

Rice plants may be tolerant or intolerant to flooding. A true-breeding tolerant plant was crossed with a true-breeding intolerant plant, creating an F₁generation. When plants from the F₁generation are crossed to each other, approximately 75% of the resultant F₂generation was tolerant to flooding. What does this most likely suggest about the flood-tolerant and flood-intolerant alleles?

Characters that have a continuous distribution, such as height, weight, and skin color, are called ____, and the individual genes that control them are known as ____.

Your parents are both heterozygous for the recessive disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). What is the probability that you will have the disorder?

Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. Your father has cystic fibrosis, which is also a recessive trait. You discover that your new father-in-law has albinism and cystic fibrosis. If neither you nor your spouse has either albinism or cystic fibrosis, what are the odds that your first child will have either albinism or cystic fibrosis, but not both?

Explain why Mendel's work was groundbreaking.

In pea plants, yellow seed color is dominant to green, and wrinkled seed texture is dominant to smooth. In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous plants with yellow, round seeds, if the two alleles assort independently, what is/are the predicted phenotypic ratio(s) of the offspring?

A cross is performed between parents with genotypes aaBbCc and aaBbcc . What is the probability that the offspring will have the same genotype as the first parent? Assume that capital letters indicate dominant alleles and lower case letters indicate recessive alleles.

Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. Your father has cystic fibrosis, which is also a recessive trait. You discover that your new father-in-law has albinism and cystic fibrosis. If neither you nor your spouse has either albinism or cystic fibrosis, what are the odds that your first child will have neither albinism nor cystic fibrosis?

When an individual has two different alleles for a given gene, they are ____ for that gene.

Which notation represents a dihybrid cross?

You have type A blood (genotype I^Ai ). Who can you donate blood to in an emergency?

Which notation represents a testcross? (A "dash" indicates the allele's identity is unknown.)

A man and woman are each heterozygous for the autosomal recessive disorder cystic fibrosis. If they want to have three children, what is the probability that only one of the children will have cystic fibrosis?

A plant of genotype CCdd is crossed to a plant of genotype ccDD; the F₁offspring are then testcrossed to a ccdd plant. If the genes are on different chromosomes, what percentage of the offspring will be ccdd ?

The site on a chromosome where a gene is located is called its ____.

A couple wants to start a family, but they are concerned that their child might have cystic fibrosis. After taking a family history, you determine that while neither of them has the disease, the woman had a sister with cystic fibrosis (with unaffected parents), and the man's father also had cystic fibrosis. What do you tell them?

In ____, genes at one locus mask the effect of genes at another locus.

In pea plants, round pea texture is dominant over wrinkled texture. How can you obtain true-breeding pea plants having round peas with the least amount of work?