Exam 29: Seed Plants

Which evolutionary change was not one of the four primary milestones contributing to the evolution of the seed?

Conifer sporophytes are longer-lived, and anatomically and morphologically more complex than other gymnosperms.

Two of the oldest flowering plant fossils are known to belong to the genus ____, and are thought to have lived during the early ____ period.

Which group of plants has the smallest gametophytes?

The largest basal angiosperm group, ____, includes avocados and plants that are the sources of spices.

In seedless plants, ____ in each megasporangium produces ____ megaspores that are released to the environment when the mature megasporangium opens.

Which floral structure is considered a male reproductive organ?

To date, ____ plant genomes have been partially or fully sequenced, which will open new doors for research.

Today, wild ginkgo trees are found only in warm-temperate forests of central China.

The ____ are the only land plants make true flowers and fruits.

Describe the major differences and similarities between gymnosperms and angiosperms.

If you see a red flower with very little odor, it is likely pollinated by ____.

One of the two main angiosperm clades, the ____ has about 200,000 species. All members of this group have pollen grains with three grooves, and most have two cotyledons and net-veined leaves.

Phytochromes are pigment proteins that allow plants to detect light.

Which plant family includes cereal grains, such as wheat, corn, rice, and oats?

The only extant seed plants that have swimming sperm are the ____.

In angiosperms, double fertilization produces a trinucleate cell that gives rise to a ____ endosperm and a ____ embryo.

A seed is often described as "a baby plant in a box with its lunch." Explain this statement using the appropriate terms for baby plant, box, and lunch.