Exam 28: Seedless Plants

Fossils of Cooksonia , which date to approximately ____ years ago, represent the oldest known fossils of vascular plants.

Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses are ____.

Antheridia and archegonia are the two types of ____ present in bryophytes.

Leaves arose several times during plant evolution.

Land plants arose from a lineage of freshwater green algae in the phylum ____.

The filamentous growths of moss gametophytes that produce numerous leafy shoots from buds are called ____.

Which statement describes the fern life cycle?

Which of these features is found in both nonvascular and vascular plants?

Modern nonvascular plants are generally small because they lack leaves.

In liverworts, the gametophyte generation is a flat, branching, ribbonlike plate of tissue closely pressed against damp soil called a ____.

A structure with stems and leaves that arises from an apical meristem is called a ____.

Heterospory refers to having ____.

A sorus is a cluster of ____.

The sporophyte generation of plants begins after ____, when the resulting ____ grows into a multicellular, ____ organism.

The ____ phylum of seedless vascular plants has about 1,000 known living species, including those in the genera Lycopodium and Selaginella ; the gametophyte of some of these species cannot photosynthesize, and instead use mycorrhizae to obtain nutrients.

The emergence of land plants correlated with the near ____ of the genes that bryophytes inherited from a(n)____ ancestor.

Which group has the largest number of chromosomes?

A pollen grain is best described as a ____.