Question 1

When hydrophilic hormones bind to surface receptors, the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  signal is amplified 
B)  signal is inhibited 
C)  receptor is activated 
D)  receptor is deactivated 
E)  hormone is transduced 
A)  signal is amplified 
B)  signal is inhibited 
C)  receptor is activated 
D)  receptor is deactivated 
E)  hormone is transduced C

Question 2

The synthesis and secretion of ____ is ultimately regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen; posterior pituitary 
B)  estrogen; ovaries 
C)  testosterone; hypothalamus 
D)  testosterone; testes 
E)  androgens; gonads 
A)  estrogen; posterior pituitary 
B)  estrogen; ovaries 
C)  testosterone; hypothalamus 
D)  testosterone; testes 
E)  androgens; gonads C

Question 3

The reason some individual hormones have multiple effects on different target tissues is that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gene transcription is altered 
B)  second messengers trigger cascade or amplification effects 
C)  many different cells in different tissues have specific receptors for the hormone 
D)  only a small amount of the hormone is required for its effect 
E)  hormones can conform to multiple receptors 
A)  gene transcription is altered 
B)  second messengers trigger cascade or amplification effects 
C)  many different cells in different tissues have specific receptors for the hormone 
D)  only a small amount of the hormone is required for its effect 
E)  hormones can conform to multiple receptors C

Question 4

Figure 42.11 
-
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. In the box labeled 'A,' ____ levels ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin; decrease 
B)  insulin; increase 
C)  glucagon; decrease 
D)  glucagon; increase 
E)  glycogen; decrease 
A)  insulin; decrease 
B)  insulin; increase 
C)  glucagon; decrease 
D)  glucagon; increase 
E)  glycogen; decrease

Question 5

The secretions of endocrine glands ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  only affect their own tissue 
B)  provide feedback by paracrine action 
C)  reach their target tissue via the ECF 
D)  reach their target tissues via the circulatory system 
E)  are only active in the nervous system 
A)  only affect their own tissue 
B)  provide feedback by paracrine action 
C)  reach their target tissue via the ECF 
D)  reach their target tissues via the circulatory system 
E)  are only active in the nervous system

Question 6

An important functional role of the endocrine system is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  respond rapidly to changes in the body 
B)  control gene action 
C)  inhibit nervous system action on muscles and glands 
D)  regulate digestion 
E)  fight infection 
A)  respond rapidly to changes in the body 
B)  control gene action 
C)  inhibit nervous system action on muscles and glands 
D)  regulate digestion 
E)  fight infection

Question 7

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  synthetic forms of testosterone 
B)  synthetic forms of estrogens 
C)  used to treat early puberty 
D)  natural variants of testosterone 
E)  natural variants of estrogen 
A)  synthetic forms of testosterone 
B)  synthetic forms of estrogens 
C)  used to treat early puberty 
D)  natural variants of testosterone 
E)  natural variants of estrogen

Question 8

When molt-inhibiting hormone secretion (MIH) is prevented, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysone levels increase 
B)  ecdysone levels decrease 
C)  molting is inhibited 
D)  growth is inhibited 
E)  growth is stimulated 
A)  ecdysone levels increase 
B)  ecdysone levels decrease 
C)  molting is inhibited 
D)  growth is inhibited 
E)  growth is stimulated

Question 9

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are ____ hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid 
B)  glucocorticoid 
C)  mineralocorticoid 
D)  gonadotropin 
E)  catecholamine 
A)  steroid 
B)  glucocorticoid 
C)  mineralocorticoid 
D)  gonadotropin 
E)  catecholamine

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: production and release of insulin

Accepted Answer

The Answer of I and B and G and C is...

Question 11

While neural activity involves transmission of information through electrical events, endocrine activity involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  transport of hormones to trigger slow, persistent responses 
B)  transport of hormones to trigger fast, transient responses 
C)  release of hormones from exocrine glands for transport outside the body 
D)  changes in neural activity for transport of hormones to target tissues 
E)  transmission of information through chemical reactions 
A)  transport of hormones to trigger slow, persistent responses 
B)  transport of hormones to trigger fast, transient responses 
C)  release of hormones from exocrine glands for transport outside the body 
D)  changes in neural activity for transport of hormones to target tissues 
E)  transmission of information through chemical reactions

Question 12

In many cases, negative feedback loops maintain homeostasis by adjusting hormones that act in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  concert 
B)  sequence 
C)  antagonistic ways 
D)  additive ways 
E)  parallel 
A)  concert 
B)  sequence 
C)  antagonistic ways 
D)  additive ways 
E)  parallel

Question 13

Which hormone has a role in both feelings of well-being and in social stress responses in both sexes?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxytocin 
B)  endorphins 
C)  insulin-like growth factors 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine 
A)  oxytocin 
B)  endorphins 
C)  insulin-like growth factors 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine

Question 14

Overproduction of epinephrine and norepinephrine can cause ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased digestive processes 
B)  the formation of a tumor in the adrenal medulla 
C)  increased heart rate 
D)  increased blood flow to the kidneys and intestines 
E)  decreased blood flow to the heart 
A)  increased digestive processes 
B)  the formation of a tumor in the adrenal medulla 
C)  increased heart rate 
D)  increased blood flow to the kidneys and intestines 
E)  decreased blood flow to the heart

Question 15

Select the correct sequence of events involved in regulating secretion of thyroid hormones. 1.  pituitary releases thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
2)  hypothalamus secretes thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH)
3)  thyroid hormones inhibit long-term TRH secretion
4)  thyroid secretes thyroid hormones
5)  thyroid hormones inhibit TSH secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 4, 5, 3 
B)  2, 1, 4, 5, 3 
C)  3, 1, 4, 5, 2 
D)  3, 4, 1, 2, 5 
E)  2, 4, 5, 1, 3 
A)  1, 2, 4, 5, 3 
B)  2, 1, 4, 5, 3 
C)  3, 1, 4, 5, 2 
D)  3, 4, 1, 2, 5 
E)  2, 4, 5, 1, 3

Question 16

The release of chemical signals into the extracellular fluid to affect nearby target cells is an example of ____ regulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  autocrine 
B)  endocrine 
C)  paracrine 
D)  systemic 
E)  exocrine 
A)  autocrine 
B)  endocrine 
C)  paracrine 
D)  systemic 
E)  exocrine

Question 17

Which organ and hormone pair is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas and insulin 
B)  thyroid gland and thyroxine 
C)  hypothalamus and melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex and glucocorticoids 
E)  posterior pituitary and oxytocin 
A)  pancreas and insulin 
B)  thyroid gland and thyroxine 
C)  hypothalamus and melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex and glucocorticoids 
E)  posterior pituitary and oxytocin

Question 18

Synthetic ____   are successfully used to treat delayed puberty, cancer, AIDS, severe burns, liver and kidney failure, and anemias .

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic-androgenic steroids 
B)  pituitary hormones 
C)  estrogen diethylstilbestrols 
D)  oxytocins 
E)  progestins 
A)  anabolic-androgenic steroids 
B)  pituitary hormones 
C)  estrogen diethylstilbestrols 
D)  oxytocins 
E)  progestins

Question 19

Which hormone is responsible for the release of calcium and phosphate ions from bone tissues into the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  insulin 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  parathyroid hormone 
E)  glucocorticoids 
A)  glucagon 
B)  insulin 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  parathyroid hormone 
E)  glucocorticoids

Question 20

Target tissues often have receptors for multiple hormones. The response of the target tissue may depend on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood levels of and coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands, only 
B)  blood levels of the hormones that affect it only 
C)  coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands only 
D)  the effects of other signaling molecules, such as prostaglandins only 
E)  blood levels of, coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands, and the effects of other signaling molecules, such as prostaglandins 
A)  blood levels of and coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands, only 
B)  blood levels of the hormones that affect it only 
C)  coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands only 
D)  the effects of other signaling molecules, such as prostaglandins only 
E)  blood levels of, coordinated activities of several hormones secreted by different glands, and the effects of other signaling molecules, such as prostaglandins

Exam 42: The Endocrine System

When hydrophilic hormones bind to surface receptors, the ____.

The synthesis and secretion of ____ is ultimately regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the ____.

The reason some individual hormones have multiple effects on different target tissues is that ____.

Figure 42.11 - Answer the question using the accompanying figure. In the box labeled 'A,' ____ levels ____.

The secretions of endocrine glands ____.

An important functional role of the endocrine system is to ____.

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are ____.

When molt-inhibiting hormone secretion (MIH) is prevented, ____.

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are ____ hormones.

While neural activity involves transmission of information through electrical events, endocrine activity involves ____.

In many cases, negative feedback loops maintain homeostasis by adjusting hormones that act in ____.

Which hormone has a role in both feelings of well-being and in social stress responses in both sexes?

Overproduction of epinephrine and norepinephrine can cause ____.

The release of chemical signals into the extracellular fluid to affect nearby target cells is an example of ____ regulation.

Which organ and hormone pair is incorrectly matched?

Synthetic ____ are successfully used to treat delayed puberty, cancer, AIDS, severe burns, liver and kidney failure, and anemias .

Which hormone is responsible for the release of calcium and phosphate ions from bone tissues into the blood?

Target tissues often have receptors for multiple hormones. The response of the target tissue may depend on ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

The synthesis and secretion of is ultimately regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the .

Figure 42.11 - Answer the question using the accompanying figure. In the box labeled 'A,' levels .