Exam 21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Changing environmental conditions would most likely cause an existing species to undergo ____.

Very small and very large human newborns are less likely to survive than those born at an intermediate weight due to ____.

The success of camouflage from predatory birds drives the predominant phenotypes in snail color. This is an example of ____.

Researchers study the inheritance of particular human traits by ____.

The development of penicillin-resistant bacteria represents an example of ____.

If there are two alleles for a gene in a population, and the frequency of the dominant allele (p) is .5, then the frequency of the recessive allele (q) is ____.

Natural selection results most directly in ____.

On occasion, a stressful factor such as disease, starvation, or drought kills a large proportion of the individuals in a population, producing ____ that dramatically reduces the population size.

As adults, female ground finches on the Galápagos island of Daphne Major choose their mates according to characteristics they learned as young birds, a process known as ____.

Seeds of many plants fall to the ground when they mature. This is an example of a characteristic that is influenced by ____.

Hybridization between different species is rare because it ____.

Microevolution is ____.

Knowing that each diploid organism has one copy of each gene, a scientist can calculate the relative abundances of the different alleles in a population.

The bipedal posture of humans evolved from ____.

In the 1960s, evolutionary biologists identified protein polymorphisms using ____, which allowed them to infer how much genetic variation exists within populations.

A scientist could test how the traits of desert plants are adaptive by ____.

The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes how genotype frequencies are established in sexually reproducing organisms.

With ____ selection, the frequency of the mean phenotype decreases while the frequencies of extreme phenotypes increase.