Question 1

Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that

Accepted Answer

A) reduces cyclin concentrations. 
B) increases cyclin concentrations. 
C) prevents elongation of microtubules. 
D) prevents shortening of microtubules. 
E) prevents attachment of the microtubules to the kinetochore. 
A) reduces cyclin concentrations. 
B) increases cyclin concentrations. 
C) prevents elongation of microtubules. 
D) prevents shortening of microtubules. 
E) prevents attachment of the microtubules to the kinetochore.

Question 2

All cell cycle checkpoints are similar in which way?

Accepted Answer

A) They respond to the same cyclins. 
B) They utilize the same Cdks. 
C) They give the go-ahead signal to progress to the next checkpoint. 
D) They each have only one cyclin/Cdk complex. 
E) They activate or inactivate other proteins. 
A) They respond to the same cyclins. 
B) They utilize the same Cdks. 
C) They give the go-ahead signal to progress to the next checkpoint. 
D) They each have only one cyclin/Cdk complex. 
E) They activate or inactivate other proteins.

Question 3

A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. How many picograms would be found at the end of S and the end of G₂?

Accepted Answer

A) 8; 8 
B) 8; 16 
C) 16; 8 
D) 16; 16 
E) 12; 16 
A) 8; 8 
B) 8; 16 
C) 16; 8 
D) 16; 16 
E) 12; 16

Question 4

Which of the following is a protein maintained at constant levels throughout the cell cycle that requires cyclin to become catalytically active?

Accepted Answer

A) PDGF 
B) MPF 
C) protein kinase 
D) cyclin 
E) Cdk 
A) PDGF 
B) MPF 
C) protein kinase 
D) cyclin 
E) Cdk

Question 5

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) telophase 
B) anaphase 
C) prophase 
D) metaphase 
E) cytokinesis 
A) telophase 
B) anaphase 
C) prophase 
D) metaphase 
E) cytokinesis

Question 6

Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) condensation of the chromosomes 
B) replication of the DNA 
C) separation of sister chromatids 
D) spindle formation 
E) separation of the spindle poles 
A) condensation of the chromosomes 
B) replication of the DNA 
C) separation of sister chromatids 
D) spindle formation 
E) separation of the spindle poles

Question 7

Which of the following is (are)required for motor proteins to function in the movement of chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

A) intact centromeres 
B) an MTOC (microtubule organizing center) 
C) a kinetochore attached to the metaphase plate 
D) ATP as an energy source 
E) synthesis of cohesin 
A) intact centromeres 
B) an MTOC (microtubule organizing center) 
C) a kinetochore attached to the metaphase plate 
D) ATP as an energy source 
E) synthesis of cohesin

Question 8

Cells from an advanced malignant tumour most often have very abnormal chromosomes, and often an abnormal total number of chromosomes. Why might this occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Cancer cells are no longer density dependent. 
B) Cancer cells are no longer anchorage dependent. 
C) Chromosomally abnormal cells can still go through cell cycle checkpoints. 
D) Chromosomally abnormal cells still have normal metabolism. 
E) Transformation introduces new chromosomes into cells. 
A) Cancer cells are no longer density dependent. 
B) Cancer cells are no longer anchorage dependent. 
C) Chromosomally abnormal cells can still go through cell cycle checkpoints. 
D) Chromosomally abnormal cells still have normal metabolism. 
E) Transformation introduces new chromosomes into cells.

Question 9

Why do chromosomes coil during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) to increase their potential energy 
B) to allow the chromosomes to move without becoming entangled and breaking 
C) to allow the chromosomes to fit within the nuclear envelope 
D) to allow the sister chromatids to remain attached 
E) to provide for the structure of the centromere 
A) to increase their potential energy 
B) to allow the chromosomes to move without becoming entangled and breaking 
C) to allow the chromosomes to fit within the nuclear envelope 
D) to allow the sister chromatids to remain attached 
E) to provide for the structure of the centromere

Question 10

Which of the following eukaryotic proteins appear to have related proteins involved in binary fission?

Accepted Answer

A) cyclins 
B) Cdks 
C) MPF 
D) actin and tubulin 
E) cohesins 
A) cyclins 
B) Cdks 
C) MPF 
D) actin and tubulin 
E) cohesins

Question 11

The following questions are based on the following figure.
  
-In the figure above, mitosis is represented by which numbered part(s)of the cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 12

Which of the following triggers the cell's passage past the G₂ checkpoint into mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) PDGF 
B) MPF 
C) protein kinase 
D) cyclin 
E) Cdk 
A) PDGF 
B) MPF 
C) protein kinase 
D) cyclin 
E) Cdk

Question 13

Starting with a fertilized egg (zygote), a series of five cell divisions would produce an early embryo with how many cells?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 32 
E) 64 
A) 4 
B) 8 
C) 16 
D) 32 
E) 64

Question 14

Density-dependent inhibition is explained by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) As cells become more numerous, they begin to squeeze against each other, restricting their size and ability to produce control factors. 
B) As cells become more numerous, the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing. 
C) As cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other, such that the proteins produced by one cell essentially cancel those produced by its neighbour. 
D) As cells become more numerous, more and more of them enter the S phase of the cell cycle. 
E) As cells become more numerous, the level of waste products increases, eventually slowing down metabolism. 
A) As cells become more numerous, they begin to squeeze against each other, restricting their size and ability to produce control factors. 
B) As cells become more numerous, the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing. 
C) As cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other, such that the proteins produced by one cell essentially cancel those produced by its neighbour. 
D) As cells become more numerous, more and more of them enter the S phase of the cell cycle. 
E) As cells become more numerous, the level of waste products increases, eventually slowing down metabolism.

Question 15

If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 20 
C) 30 
D) 40 
E) 80 
A) 10 
B) 20 
C) 30 
D) 40 
E) 80

Question 16

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You observe cells under the microscope and notice that, while in telophase, small vesicles line up along the middle of the cell.
-You conclude that these cells are

Accepted Answer

A) animal cells. 
B) plant cells. 
C) bacteria. 
D) diatoms. 
E) tumour cells. 
A) animal cells. 
B) plant cells. 
C) bacteria. 
D) diatoms. 
E) tumour cells.

Question 17

Use the data in the table below to answer the following questions.
The data were obtained from a study of the length of time spent in each phase of the cell cycle by cells of three eukaryotic organisms designated beta, delta, and gamma.
   
Minutes Spent in Cell Cycle Phases
-The best conclusion concerning delta is that the cells

Accepted Answer

A) contain no DNA. 
B) contain no RNA. 
C) contain only one chromosome that is very short. 
D) are actually in the G₀ phase. 
E) divide in the G₁ phase. 
A) contain no DNA. 
B) contain no RNA. 
C) contain only one chromosome that is very short. 
D) are actually in the G₀ phase. 
E) divide in the G₁ phase.

Question 18

The decline of MPF activity at the end of mitosis is due to

Accepted Answer

A) the destruction of the protein kinase Cdk. 
B) decreased synthesis of Cdk. 
C) the degradation of cyclin. 
D) the accumulation of cyclin. 
E) synthesis of DNA. 
A) the destruction of the protein kinase Cdk. 
B) decreased synthesis of Cdk. 
C) the degradation of cyclin. 
D) the accumulation of cyclin. 
E) synthesis of DNA.

Question 19

The following questions are based on the following figure.
  
-MPF reaches its threshold concentration at the end of this stage.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 20

You have a series of cells, all of which were derived from tumours, and you first need to find out which ones are malignant. What could you do?

Accepted Answer

A) See which ones are not overproliferating. 
B) Find out which ones have a higher rate of apoptosis. 
C) Look for unusual size and number of chromosomes. 
D) Measure metastasis. 
E) Time their cell cycles. 
A) See which ones are not overproliferating. 
B) Find out which ones have a higher rate of apoptosis. 
C) Look for unusual size and number of chromosomes. 
D) Measure metastasis. 
E) Time their cell cycles.

Exam 12: The Cell Cycle

Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that

All cell cycle checkpoints are similar in which way?

A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. How many picograms would be found at the end of S and the end of G₂?

Which of the following is a protein maintained at constant levels throughout the cell cycle that requires cyclin to become catalytically active?

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?

Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?

Which of the following is (are)required for motor proteins to function in the movement of chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle?

Cells from an advanced malignant tumour most often have very abnormal chromosomes, and often an abnormal total number of chromosomes. Why might this occur?

Why do chromosomes coil during mitosis?

Which of the following eukaryotic proteins appear to have related proteins involved in binary fission?

The following questions are based on the following figure. -In the figure above, mitosis is represented by which numbered part(s)of the cycle?

Which of the following triggers the cell's passage past the G₂ checkpoint into mitosis?

Starting with a fertilized egg (zygote), a series of five cell divisions would produce an early embryo with how many cells?

Density-dependent inhibition is explained by which of the following?

If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You observe cells under the microscope and notice that, while in telophase, small vesicles line up along the middle of the cell. -You conclude that these cells are

The decline of MPF activity at the end of mitosis is due to

The following questions are based on the following figure. -MPF reaches its threshold concentration at the end of this stage.

You have a series of cells, all of which were derived from tumours, and you first need to find out which ones are malignant. What could you do?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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