Question 1

By "ego integrity" Erik Erikson meant:

Accepted Answer

A) maintaining continuity in one's activity level throughout the lifespan. 
B) expressing unselfish concern for the welfare of the next generation. 
C) maintaining a sense of connectedness and intimacy with others throughout the lifespan. 
D) the feeling that one's life has been meaningful. 
A) maintaining continuity in one's activity level throughout the lifespan. 
B) expressing unselfish concern for the welfare of the next generation. 
C) maintaining a sense of connectedness and intimacy with others throughout the lifespan. 
D) the feeling that one's life has been meaningful.

Question 2

Twelve-year-old Andrea has been wearing a bra for over a year. She had her first menstrual period when she was 10 years old and is taller than most of her classmates. Compared to late-maturing girls, Andrea is likely to have had:

Accepted Answer

A) very positive experiences related to her early maturation. 
B) much the same type of experiences as late-maturing girls. 
C) negative experiences related to her early maturation. 
D) some negative but mostly positive experiences related to her early maturation. 
A) very positive experiences related to her early maturation. 
B) much the same type of experiences as late-maturing girls. 
C) negative experiences related to her early maturation. 
D) some negative but mostly positive experiences related to her early maturation.

Question 3

List in the correct sequence the five stages in the dying process that were identified by Kübler-Ross.

Accepted Answer

A) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance 
B) anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance, despair 
C) anxiety, denial, depression, bargaining, regret 
D) fear, rejection, bargaining, anger, irreversibility 
A) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance 
B) anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance, despair 
C) anxiety, denial, depression, bargaining, regret 
D) fear, rejection, bargaining, anger, irreversibility

Question 4

The best known, although not the most common, pattern of allele variation is the simple:

Accepted Answer

A) karyotype variation. 
B) dominant-recessive gene pair. 
C) chromosomal version. 
D) germinal gene pair. 
A) karyotype variation. 
B) dominant-recessive gene pair. 
C) chromosomal version. 
D) germinal gene pair.

Question 5

The main difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of development is that:

Accepted Answer

A) Vygotsky's theory supplied additional evidence for Piaget's conclusions. 
B) Piaget stressed the child's independent discoveries, whereas Vygotsky stressed that supportive interactions with parents and others played a key role in cognitive development. 
C) Vygotsky stressed the independent efforts of the child, whereas Piaget stressed formal learning experiences. 
D) the stages of cognitive development in Vygotsky's theory occur at much earlier ages than the corresponding stages in Piaget's theory. 
A) Vygotsky's theory supplied additional evidence for Piaget's conclusions. 
B) Piaget stressed the child's independent discoveries, whereas Vygotsky stressed that supportive interactions with parents and others played a key role in cognitive development. 
C) Vygotsky stressed the independent efforts of the child, whereas Piaget stressed formal learning experiences. 
D) the stages of cognitive development in Vygotsky's theory occur at much earlier ages than the corresponding stages in Piaget's theory.

Question 6

Jack's daughter Molly wants to go to a school play on a weeknight, promising that she will make sure that she finishes her homework in study hall at school. Jack says, "Absolutely not. The rule is no social events on school nights, no matter what." Jack is demonstrating the _____ parenting style.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian 
B) permissive-indulgent 
C) authoritative 
D) permissive-indifferent 
A) authoritarian 
B) permissive-indulgent 
C) authoritative 
D) permissive-indifferent

Question 7

According to the major stages of the lifespan the early childhood stage includes children who are between _____ and _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A) 1; 4 
B) 2; 6 
C) 3; 8 
D) 4; 7 
A) 1; 4 
B) 2; 6 
C) 3; 8 
D) 4; 7

Question 8

According to the Focus on Neuroscience box, "Boosting the Aging Brain," aerobic exercise had which of the following effects on the hippocampus in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A) Aerobic exercise resulted in a 1.4 percent decline in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
B) Aerobic exercise resulted in an 80 percent increase in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
C) Aerobic exercise resulted in a 2 percent increase in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
D) Aerobic exercise improved memory but did not measurably affect the hippocampus. 
A) Aerobic exercise resulted in a 1.4 percent decline in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
B) Aerobic exercise resulted in an 80 percent increase in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
C) Aerobic exercise resulted in a 2 percent increase in hippocampal volume over a 1-year period. 
D) Aerobic exercise improved memory but did not measurably affect the hippocampus.

Question 9

In Piaget's theory, the term centration refers to the tendency to:

Accepted Answer

A) take another person's point of view. 
B) consider yourself the "center" of a given situation, ignoring other people's roles in the situation. 
C) focus on only one aspect of a situation, ignoring other aspects of the situation that may also be relevant. 
D) engage in symbolic play. 
A) take another person's point of view. 
B) consider yourself the "center" of a given situation, ignoring other people's roles in the situation. 
C) focus on only one aspect of a situation, ignoring other aspects of the situation that may also be relevant. 
D) engage in symbolic play.

Question 10

Whenever Julie played with toy vehicles or blocks her mother would be very disapproving. Whenever she played with dolls and domestic toys her mother would smile and praise her. As Julie grew up, she played less and less with "boys" toys and more and more with dolls, dollhouses, and domestic accessories. This description of gender-role development exemplifies _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) social learning 
B) evolutionary 
C) gender schema 
D) gender identity 
A) social learning 
B) evolutionary 
C) gender schema 
D) gender identity

Question 11

According to linguist _____, every child is born with the predisposition to learn any language and children possess a basic understanding of the common principles of language organization.

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Piaget 
B) Noam Chomsky 
C) Renée Baillargeon 
D) Lev Vygotsky 
A) Jean Piaget 
B) Noam Chomsky 
C) Renée Baillargeon 
D) Lev Vygotsky

Question 12

Marie enters the playroom of the psychology lab with her 1-year-old son, Aaron. Aaron ignores the many attractive toys in the room and clings to his mother. When Marie leaves the room, Aaron begins to cry hysterically. When his mother returns and tries to comfort him, Aaron cries harder, kicks, and resists her efforts to hold him. Aaron would most likely be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A) securely attached. 
B) difficult and slow-to-warm-up. 
C) insecurely attached. 
D) low-reactive. 
A) securely attached. 
B) difficult and slow-to-warm-up. 
C) insecurely attached. 
D) low-reactive.

Question 13

Compared to early-maturing girls, early-maturing boys:

Accepted Answer

A) tend to have more positive experiences. 
B) tend to have more negative experiences. 
C) experience greater psychological difficulty coping with and understanding the physical changes that have taken place. 
D) have more negative feelings about their body image and pubertal changes. 
A) tend to have more positive experiences. 
B) tend to have more negative experiences. 
C) experience greater psychological difficulty coping with and understanding the physical changes that have taken place. 
D) have more negative feelings about their body image and pubertal changes.

Question 14

The diverse characteristics of different cells in the body develop because:

Accepted Answer

A) each cell type contains a distinct set of genes that is specific to that type of cell. 
B) each body cell type contains a different set of chromosomes. 
C) they contain a different genotype. 
D) different genes are expressed or activated. 
A) each cell type contains a distinct set of genes that is specific to that type of cell. 
B) each body cell type contains a different set of chromosomes. 
C) they contain a different genotype. 
D) different genes are expressed or activated.

Question 15

One problem with the genotype-as-blueprint analogy is that:

Accepted Answer

A) environmental factors influence the actual phenotype displayed. 
B) even though genes directly control physical development and behavior the final result is never predictable. 
C) the genotype does not direct and control any aspect of development as it unfolds over the lifespan. 
D) environmental factors have little or no influence on the phenotype displayed. 
A) environmental factors influence the actual phenotype displayed. 
B) even though genes directly control physical development and behavior the final result is never predictable. 
C) the genotype does not direct and control any aspect of development as it unfolds over the lifespan. 
D) environmental factors have little or no influence on the phenotype displayed.

Question 16

The _____ pair of chromosomes, called the sex chromosomes, determines a person's biological sex.

Accepted Answer

A) 22nd 
B) 46th 
C) 23rd 
D) 1st 
A) 22nd 
B) 46th 
C) 23rd 
D) 1st

Question 17

Sheena and Tina are identical twins who developed from a single zygote and share identical DNA. Nevertheless, as they develop, differences in physical and psychological characteristics become evident. These differences are due to:

Accepted Answer

A) each twin's unique genetic blueprint. 
B) epigenetic changes. 
C) allele variation. 
D) genotypic changes. 
A) each twin's unique genetic blueprint. 
B) epigenetic changes. 
C) allele variation. 
D) genotypic changes.

Question 18

The term gender is formally defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) being a man or a woman. 
B) the behavioral manifestations of the sexual urge. 
C) the cultural, social, and psychological meanings that are associated with masculinity or femininity. 
D) the biological category of male or female as defined by physical differences in genetic composition and in reproductive anatomy and function. 
A) being a man or a woman. 
B) the behavioral manifestations of the sexual urge. 
C) the cultural, social, and psychological meanings that are associated with masculinity or femininity. 
D) the biological category of male or female as defined by physical differences in genetic composition and in reproductive anatomy and function.

Question 19

During the peak periods of brain development, new cells are being generated at the rate of _____ per minute.

Accepted Answer

A) 100 to 150 
B) 1 million 
C) 250,000 
D) 500 or 600 
A) 100 to 150 
B) 1 million 
C) 250,000 
D) 500 or 600

Question 20

By the third week after conception a sheet of primitive neural cells forms a:

Accepted Answer

A) hollow tube called the neural tube. 
B) cavity called the ventricle. 
C) hollow tube called the stem cell. 
D) cavity called the amniotic sac. 
A) hollow tube called the neural tube. 
B) cavity called the ventricle. 
C) hollow tube called the stem cell. 
D) cavity called the amniotic sac.

Exam 9: Section 2: Lifespan Development

By "ego integrity" Erik Erikson meant:

Twelve-year-old Andrea has been wearing a bra for over a year. She had her first menstrual period when she was 10 years old and is taller than most of her classmates. Compared to late-maturing girls, Andrea is likely to have had:

List in the correct sequence the five stages in the dying process that were identified by Kübler-Ross.

The best known, although not the most common, pattern of allele variation is the simple:

The main difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of development is that:

Jack's daughter Molly wants to go to a school play on a weeknight, promising that she will make sure that she finishes her homework in study hall at school. Jack says, "Absolutely not. The rule is no social events on school nights, no matter what." Jack is demonstrating the _____ parenting style.

According to the major stages of the lifespan the early childhood stage includes children who are between _____ and _____ years of age.

According to the Focus on Neuroscience box, "Boosting the Aging Brain," aerobic exercise had which of the following effects on the hippocampus in older adults?

In Piaget's theory, the term centration refers to the tendency to:

According to linguist _____, every child is born with the predisposition to learn any language and children possess a basic understanding of the common principles of language organization.

Compared to early-maturing girls, early-maturing boys:

The diverse characteristics of different cells in the body develop because:

One problem with the genotype-as-blueprint analogy is that:

The _____ pair of chromosomes, called the sex chromosomes, determines a person's biological sex.

Sheena and Tina are identical twins who developed from a single zygote and share identical DNA. Nevertheless, as they develop, differences in physical and psychological characteristics become evident. These differences are due to:

The term gender is formally defined as:

During the peak periods of brain development, new cells are being generated at the rate of _____ per minute.

By the third week after conception a sheet of primitive neural cells forms a:

Section 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 2: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 3: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 4: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 2: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 3: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 5: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5: Learning

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 1: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 5: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 1: Motivation and Emotion

Section 2: Motivation and Emotion

Section 3: Motivation and Emotion

Section 4: Motivation and Emotion

Section 5: Motivation and Emotion

Section 1: Lifespan Development

Section 3: Lifespan Development

Section 4: Lifespan Development

Section 5: Lifespan Development

Section 1: Personality

Section 2: Personality

Section 3: Personality

Section 4: Personality

Section 5: Personality

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 5: Social Psychology

Section 1: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 2: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 3: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 4: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 5: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 1: Psychological Disorders

Section 2: Psychological Disorders

According to the major stages of the lifespan the early childhood stage includes children who are between _ and _ years of age.