Question 1

Juliann is four. If she is like most four-year-olds, her naïve theory of biology will include the belief that

Accepted Answer

A)  animals can move by themselves but inanimate objects can only be moved by other people or objects. 
B)  both animals and inanimate objects grow bigger and physically more complex. 
C)  the insides of both animate and inanimate objects contain the same kinds of materials. 
D)  when inanimate objects get damaged, they will heal by themselves, but when animate things are injured they must be fixed by humans. 
A)  animals can move by themselves but inanimate objects can only be moved by other people or objects. 
B)  both animals and inanimate objects grow bigger and physically more complex. 
C)  the insides of both animate and inanimate objects contain the same kinds of materials. 
D)  when inanimate objects get damaged, they will heal by themselves, but when animate things are injured they must be fixed by humans.

Question 2

In information-processing theory, mental hardware includes

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive processes. 
B)  different types of memory. 
C)  schemas. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
A)  cognitive processes. 
B)  different types of memory. 
C)  schemas. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 3

According to Piaget, each stage of cognitive development involves consistent thought across different tasks. Recent research has found

Accepted Answer

A)  very consistent performance across tasks as Piaget would predict. 
B)  very consistent performance across tasks only in concrete operational children. 
C)  inconsistent performance across tasks only in formal operational adolescents. 
D)  inconsistent performance across tasks contrary to Piaget's predictions. 
A)  very consistent performance across tasks as Piaget would predict. 
B)  very consistent performance across tasks only in concrete operational children. 
C)  inconsistent performance across tasks only in formal operational adolescents. 
D)  inconsistent performance across tasks contrary to Piaget's predictions.

Question 4

The zone of proximal development refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the highest level of achievement a child can reach by himself. 
B)  the difference between what a child can do with and without help. 
C)  a teaching style that matches the amount of assistance to the learner's need. 
D)  comments not intended for others but intended to help children regulate their own behaviour. 
A)  the highest level of achievement a child can reach by himself. 
B)  the difference between what a child can do with and without help. 
C)  a teaching style that matches the amount of assistance to the learner's need. 
D)  comments not intended for others but intended to help children regulate their own behaviour.

Question 5

The limitless, permanent storehouse of knowledge of the world is called

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory. 
B)  sensory memory. 
C)  working memory. 
D)  the information processor. 
A)  long-term memory. 
B)  sensory memory. 
C)  working memory. 
D)  the information processor.

Question 6

Information-processing theorists refer to sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory as mental

Accepted Answer

A)  software. 
B)  hardware. 
C)  strategies. 
D)  operations. 
A)  software. 
B)  hardware. 
C)  strategies. 
D)  operations.

Question 7

Many four-year-olds believe that

Accepted Answer

A)  inanimate objects move by themselves. 
B)  only living things have offspring that resemble their parents. 
C)  inanimate objects can grow. 
D)  the internal parts of animate and inanimate objects are the same. 
A)  inanimate objects move by themselves. 
B)  only living things have offspring that resemble their parents. 
C)  inanimate objects can grow. 
D)  the internal parts of animate and inanimate objects are the same.

Question 8

________ thought is rule-oriented and logical but limited to the tangible and real.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensorimotor 
B)  Formal operational 
C)  Preoperational 
D)  Concrete operational 
A)  Sensorimotor 
B)  Formal operational 
C)  Preoperational 
D)  Concrete operational

Question 9

When Cookie first started golfing, she had to think about every part of her swing. Now that she's been golfing for years, she swings her club without even thinking about it. For Cookie, swinging a golf club has become

Accepted Answer

A)  an automatic process. 
B)  a sensory memory. 
C)  a complex task. 
D)  a working memory. 
A)  an automatic process. 
B)  a sensory memory. 
C)  a complex task. 
D)  a working memory.

Question 10

Piaget's theory

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulated research in the area of cognitive development. 
B)  viewed children as playing a passive role in their development. 
C)  does not provide useful ideas for fostering children's development. 
D)  has not had a lasting impact on the field of child development research. 
A)  stimulated research in the area of cognitive development. 
B)  viewed children as playing a passive role in their development. 
C)  does not provide useful ideas for fostering children's development. 
D)  has not had a lasting impact on the field of child development research.

Question 11

As you read and think about this test question, it is stored in

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  sensory memory. 
D)  the information processor. 
A)  long-term memory. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  sensory memory. 
D)  the information processor.

Question 12

According to theory of mind, at three years of age children do not

Accepted Answer

A)  understand that they and other people have desires. 
B)  understand that desires can cause behaviour. 
C)  emphasize desires when trying to explain other people's behaviour. 
D)  understand that other people's behaviour is based on beliefs. 
A)  understand that they and other people have desires. 
B)  understand that desires can cause behaviour. 
C)  emphasize desires when trying to explain other people's behaviour. 
D)  understand that other people's behaviour is based on beliefs.

Question 13

According to Piaget, the concrete operational child

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot reverse mental operations. 
B)  cannot solve conservation tasks. 
C)  thinks in a way that is limited to the tangible and real. 
D)  doesn't know that appearances can be deceiving. 
A)  cannot reverse mental operations. 
B)  cannot solve conservation tasks. 
C)  thinks in a way that is limited to the tangible and real. 
D)  doesn't know that appearances can be deceiving.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of Piaget's stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, and formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, and concrete operational 
D)  the order varies from individual to individual 
A)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, and formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, and concrete operational 
D)  the order varies from individual to individual

Question 15

You have been studying vocabulary words for your upcoming French test. What component of cognition is responsible for moving the words from working memory into long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the central executive 
B)  sensory memory 
C)  inhibitory processes 
D)  automatic processes 
A)  the central executive 
B)  sensory memory 
C)  inhibitory processes 
D)  automatic processes

Question 16

According to Vygotsky, development is optimal when

Accepted Answer

A)  the child learns independently. 
B)  a child is guided by someone with more skill. 
C)  someone with more skill does NOT interfere by trying to structure a task for the child. 
D)  the amount of assistance given exceeds the amount that the child needs. 
A)  the child learns independently. 
B)  a child is guided by someone with more skill. 
C)  someone with more skill does NOT interfere by trying to structure a task for the child. 
D)  the amount of assistance given exceeds the amount that the child needs.

Question 17

According to Piaget, a seven to 11-year-old child is in the ________ period.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational 
B)  conservational 
C)  formal operational 
D)  concrete operational 
A)  preoperational 
B)  conservational 
C)  formal operational 
D)  concrete operational

Question 18

Consider the following: Premise 1: If an animal barks, it is a dog.
Premise 2: A snail barks.
The concrete operational child would fail to draw the conclusion that "a snail is a dog" because his or her conclusions are based on

Accepted Answer

A)  tertiary circular reactions. 
B)  experience. 
C)  deductive reasoning. 
D)  egocentrism. 
A)  tertiary circular reactions. 
B)  experience. 
C)  deductive reasoning. 
D)  egocentrism.

Question 19

The information-processing approach

Accepted Answer

A)  is based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development. 
B)  states that human thinking is based on mental hardware and mental software. 
C)  proposes that there are four stages of cognitive development. 
D)  is no longer a widely used theory of cognitive development. 
A)  is based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development. 
B)  states that human thinking is based on mental hardware and mental software. 
C)  proposes that there are four stages of cognitive development. 
D)  is no longer a widely used theory of cognitive development.

Question 20

Moses knows that even though he cannot see his favourite blanket, it still exists. Moses understands the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation. 
B)  accommodation. 
C)  object permanence. 
D)  equilibrium. 
A)  assimilation. 
B)  accommodation. 
C)  object permanence. 
D)  equilibrium.

Exam 6: B: Theories of Cognitive Development

Juliann is four. If she is like most four-year-olds, her naïve theory of biology will include the belief that

In information-processing theory, mental hardware includes

According to Piaget, each stage of cognitive development involves consistent thought across different tasks. Recent research has found

The zone of proximal development refers to

The limitless, permanent storehouse of knowledge of the world is called

Information-processing theorists refer to sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory as mental

Many four-year-olds believe that

________ thought is rule-oriented and logical but limited to the tangible and real.

When Cookie first started golfing, she had to think about every part of her swing. Now that she's been golfing for years, she swings her club without even thinking about it. For Cookie, swinging a golf club has become

Piaget's theory

As you read and think about this test question, it is stored in

According to theory of mind, at three years of age children do not

According to Piaget, the concrete operational child

Which of the following is the correct order of Piaget's stages?

You have been studying vocabulary words for your upcoming French test. What component of cognition is responsible for moving the words from working memory into long-term memory?

According to Vygotsky, development is optimal when

According to Piaget, a seven to 11-year-old child is in the ________ period.

Consider the following: Premise 1: If an animal barks, it is a dog. Premise 2: A snail barks. The concrete operational child would fail to draw the conclusion that "a snail is a dog" because his or her conclusions are based on

The information-processing approach

Moses knows that even though he cannot see his favourite blanket, it still exists. Moses understands the concept of

A: The Science of Child Development

B: The Science of Child Development

C: The Science of Child Development

A: Genetic Bases of Child Development

B: Genetic Bases of Child Development

C: Genetic Bases of Child Development

A: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

B: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

C: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

A: Growth and Health

B: Growth and Health

C: Growth and Health

A: Perceptual and Motor Development

B: Perceptual and Motor Development

C: Perceptual and Motor Development

A: Theories of Cognitive Development

C: Theories of Cognitive Development

A: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

B: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

C: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

A: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

B: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

C: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

A: Language and Communication

B: Language and Communication

C: Language and Communication

A: Emotional Development

B: Emotional Development

C: Emotional Development

A: Understanding Self and Others

B: Understanding Self and Others

C: Understanding Self and Others

A: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

B: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

C: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

A: Gender and Development

B: Gender and Development

C: Gender and Development

A: Social Influences

A2: Social Influences

B: Social Influences

B2: Social Influences

C: Social Influences

C2: Social Influences

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