Question 1

All of the following contain amino acids except

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  insulin. 
A)  hemoglobin. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  antibodies. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  insulin.

Question 2

Figure 3.7
-If two molecules of the general type shown in Figure 3.7 were linked together, carbon-1 of one molecule to carbon-4 of the other, the single molecule that would result would be

Accepted Answer

A)  maltose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  glucose. 
D)  galactose. 
E)  sucrose. 
A)  maltose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  glucose. 
D)  galactose. 
E)  sucrose.

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more common in animals than in plants. 
B)  They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
C)  They generally solidify at room temperature. 
D)  They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. 
E)  They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. 
A)  They are more common in animals than in plants. 
B)  They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
C)  They generally solidify at room temperature. 
D)  They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. 
E)  They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule.

Question 4

Figure 3.3
-In which of the structures illustrated in Figure 3.3 are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  C, D, and E only 
E)  none of the structures 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  C, D, and E only 
E)  none of the structures

Question 5

Figure 3.5
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 6

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B)  They are not soluble in water. 
C)  They are made of fatty acids. 
D)  They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E)  They contribute to atherosclerosis. 
A)  They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B)  They are not soluble in water. 
C)  They are made of fatty acids. 
D)  They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E)  They contribute to atherosclerosis.

Question 7

Figure 3.4
-Which of the groups in Figure 3.4 is a basic functional group that can accept H+ and become positively charged?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 8

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ketone and methyl 
B)  carbonyl and amino 
C)  carboxyl and amino 
D)  amino and sulfhydryl 
E)  hydroxyl and carboxyl 
A)  ketone and methyl 
B)  carbonyl and amino 
C)  carboxyl and amino 
D)  amino and sulfhydryl 
E)  hydroxyl and carboxyl

Question 9

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. 
B)  The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. 
C)  DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
D)  DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. 
E)  DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
A)  DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. 
B)  The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. 
C)  DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
D)  DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. 
E)  DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides.

Question 10

Which of the following classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  Lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all consist of only macromolecular polymers. 
A)  lipids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  proteins 
D)  nucleic acids 
E)  Lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all consist of only macromolecular polymers.

Question 11

Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino 
B)  carbonyl 
C)  carboxyl 
D)  phosphate 
E)  hydroxyl 
A)  amino 
B)  carbonyl 
C)  carboxyl 
D)  phosphate 
E)  hydroxyl

Question 12

The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. What is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower melting point. 
B)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature. 
C)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. 
D)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids. 
E)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil is less likely to clog arteries. 
A)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower melting point. 
B)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature. 
C)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. 
D)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids. 
E)  The hydrogenated vegetable oil is less likely to clog arteries.

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B)  They have double bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acids. 
C)  They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D)  They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E)  They are usually produced by plants. 
A)  They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B)  They have double bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acids. 
C)  They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D)  They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E)  They are usually produced by plants.

Question 14

The R group or side chain of the amino acid serine is -CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)2. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serine would be in the interior, and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
B)  Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
C)  Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the globular protein. 
D)  Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
E)  Both serine and leucine would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein. 
A)  Serine would be in the interior, and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
B)  Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
C)  Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the globular protein. 
D)  Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. 
E)  Both serine and leucine would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein.

Question 15

A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  fatty acid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  hydrocarbon. 
A)  carbohydrate. 
B)  fatty acid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  hydrocarbon.

Question 16

A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules. 
B)  120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules. 
C)  120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules. 
D)  120 adenine and 120 cytosine molecules. 
E)  120 guanine and 120 thymine molecules. 
A)  120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules. 
B)  120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules. 
C)  120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules. 
D)  120 adenine and 120 cytosine molecules. 
E)  120 guanine and 120 thymine molecules.

Question 17

How will brief heating (to 95°C) affect macromolecular structures in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA duplexes will unwind and separate. 
B)  Proteins will unfold (denature). 
C)  Starch will hydrolyze into monomeric sugars. 
D)  Proteins will hydrolyze into amino acids. 
E)  DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature). 
A)  DNA duplexes will unwind and separate. 
B)  Proteins will unfold (denature). 
C)  Starch will hydrolyze into monomeric sugars. 
D)  Proteins will hydrolyze into amino acids. 
E)  DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature).

Question 18

Figure 3.6
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 is a thiol?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 19

Normal hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two molecules of β hemoglobin and two molecules of α hemoglobin. In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibers. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibits

Accepted Answer

A)  altered primary structure. 
B)  altered secondary structure. 
C)  altered tertiary structure. 
D)  altered quaternary structure. 
E)  altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure; the secondary and tertiary structures may or may not be altered. 
A)  altered primary structure. 
B)  altered secondary structure. 
C)  altered tertiary structure. 
D)  altered quaternary structure. 
E)  altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure; the secondary and tertiary structures may or may not be altered.

Question 20

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it

Accepted Answer

A)  would function only as an acid because of the carboxyl group. 
B)  would function only as a base because of the amino group. 
C)  would function as neither an acid nor a base. 
D)  would function as both an acid and a base. 
E)  is impossible to determine how it would function 
A)  would function only as an acid because of the carboxyl group. 
B)  would function only as a base because of the amino group. 
C)  would function as neither an acid nor a base. 
D)  would function as both an acid and a base. 
E)  is impossible to determine how it would function

Exam 3: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

All of the following contain amino acids except

Figure 3.7 -If two molecules of the general type shown in Figure 3.7 were linked together, carbon-1 of one molecule to carbon-4 of the other, the single molecule that would result would be

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true?

Figure 3.3 -In which of the structures illustrated in Figure 3.3 are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

Figure 3.5 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.5 can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Figure 3.4 -Which of the groups in Figure 3.4 is a basic functional group that can accept H+ and become positively charged?

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?

Which of the following classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?

Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?

The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. What is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil?

Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids?

The R group or side chain of the amino acid serine is -CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)2. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution?

A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a

A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be composed of

How will brief heating (to 95°C) affect macromolecular structures in aqueous solution?

Figure 3.6 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 is a thiol?

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water it

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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