Question 1

The independent samples t-test compares:

Accepted Answer

A)  the variance of the control group with the variance of the experimental group. 
B)  the standard deviation of the control group with the standard deviation of the experimental group. 
C)  the mean of the control group with the mean of the experimental group. 
D)  the mean of the control group with the mean of the null group. 
A)  the variance of the control group with the variance of the experimental group. 
B)  the standard deviation of the control group with the standard deviation of the experimental group. 
C)  the mean of the control group with the mean of the experimental group. 
D)  the mean of the control group with the mean of the null group.

Question 2

Which of the following tests would have the greatest sensitivity to detect an effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  a test with 1 question 
B)  a test with 5 questions 
C)  a test with 25 questions 
D)  a test with 50 questions 
A)  a test with 1 question 
B)  a test with 5 questions 
C)  a test with 25 questions 
D)  a test with 50 questions

Question 3

The formula for the experimental hypothesis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  H0: µ1 = µ2. 
B)  H0: µ1 $\neq$µ2. 
C)  H1: µ1 = µ2. 
D)  H1: µ1 $\neq$µ2. 
A)  H0: µ1 = µ2. 
B)  H0: µ1 $\neq$µ2. 
C)  H1: µ1 = µ2. 
D)  H1: µ1 $\neq$µ2.

Question 4

Each of the following is required in a true experiment,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental control 
B)  a pretest and posttest measurement 
C)  random assignment 
D)  temporal precedence 
A)  experimental control 
B)  a pretest and posttest measurement 
C)  random assignment 
D)  temporal precedence

Question 5

If you are interested in determining whether fatigue causes negative mood,you would need to conduct a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  interview. 
B)  survey. 
C)  experiment. 
D)  observational study. 
A)  interview. 
B)  survey. 
C)  experiment. 
D)  observational study.

Question 6

For which of the following would a two-group experimental research design be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a study examining the effect of high- and low-mortality salience on risk taking 
B)  an examination of the attachment styles of a mother and her three children 
C)  an investigation of the developmental differences between children raised by one parent versus both parents 
D)  interviews of returning soldiers aimed at assessing PTSD risk 
A)  a study examining the effect of high- and low-mortality salience on risk taking 
B)  an examination of the attachment styles of a mother and her three children 
C)  an investigation of the developmental differences between children raised by one parent versus both parents 
D)  interviews of returning soldiers aimed at assessing PTSD risk

Question 7

Distinguish which of the following is NOT a benefit that experimental designs offer over nonexperimental designs?

Accepted Answer

A)  They establish a causal relationship. 
B)  They lead to greater internal validity. 
C)  They control for extraneous variables. 
D)  They lead to greater generalizability. 
A)  They establish a causal relationship. 
B)  They lead to greater internal validity. 
C)  They control for extraneous variables. 
D)  They lead to greater generalizability.

Question 8

A factor other than the intended treatment that may change the outcome variable is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  covariation. 
B)  an extraneous variable. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  temporal precedence. 
A)  covariation. 
B)  an extraneous variable. 
C)  internal validity. 
D)  temporal precedence.

Question 9

In an experiment,the _____ group is compared with the experimental group.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple 
B)  null 
C)  variable 
D)  control 
A)  simple 
B)  null 
C)  variable 
D)  control

Question 10

An experimenter conducts a study to examine whether caffeine improves performance on an IQ test.Which of the following represents what happens in the control condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  participants drink a caffeinated beverage while testing 
B)  participants do not drink a caffeinated beverage while testing 
C)  participants are incentivized to do their best on the IQ test 
D)  participants are incentivized to do their worst on the IQ test 
A)  participants drink a caffeinated beverage while testing 
B)  participants do not drink a caffeinated beverage while testing 
C)  participants are incentivized to do their best on the IQ test 
D)  participants are incentivized to do their worst on the IQ test

Question 11

An experimenter _____ the independent variable and _____ the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  varies;manipulates 
B)  measures;varies 
C)  manipulates;measures 
D)  measures;manipulates 
A)  varies;manipulates 
B)  measures;varies 
C)  manipulates;measures 
D)  measures;manipulates

Question 12

If Dr.Ryan,a social psychologist,was investigating the relationship between temperature and participants' moods,an example of an extraneous variable would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  how hot it is in the study room. 
B)  how cold it is in the study room. 
C)  self-reports of how happy or sad one feels. 
D)  the time of day the study takes place. 
A)  how hot it is in the study room. 
B)  how cold it is in the study room. 
C)  self-reports of how happy or sad one feels. 
D)  the time of day the study takes place.

Question 13

Cause is to effect as the _____ is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  control group: experimental group 
B)  dependent variable;independent variable 
C)  independent variable;dependent variable 
D)  experimental group: control group 
A)  control group: experimental group 
B)  dependent variable;independent variable 
C)  independent variable;dependent variable 
D)  experimental group: control group

Question 14

Research has shown that bad weather puts people in a bad mood.In this experiment,which variable must have occurred first in order to ensure temporal precedence?

Accepted Answer

A)  bad mood 
B)  bad weather 
C)  good mood 
D)  good weather 
A)  bad mood 
B)  bad weather 
C)  good mood 
D)  good weather

Question 15

Virtual reality has been used to increase _____ and helps to make a study feel as real as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal precedence 
B)  covariation 
C)  experimental realism 
D)  internal validity 
A)  temporal precedence 
B)  covariation 
C)  experimental realism 
D)  internal validity

Question 16

In designing an experiment,a _____ measure would give you the most objective and sensitive assessment of the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  true-false 
B)  multiple choice 
C)  short answer 
D)  essay 
A)  true-false 
B)  multiple choice 
C)  short answer 
D)  essay

Question 17

Imagine that you are studying the effect of sour tastes on the human salivation response.In designing this study,what are you likely to ask participants in your experimental condition to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  taste something sweet 
B)  taste something sour 
C)  salivate 
D)  not salivate 
A)  taste something sweet 
B)  taste something sour 
C)  salivate 
D)  not salivate

Question 18

The _____ hypothesis is the prediction that there will be no difference in the dependent variable across different levels of the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  null 
C)  continuous 
D)  control 
A)  experimental 
B)  null 
C)  continuous 
D)  control

Question 19

Statistical significance is to magnitude as:

Accepted Answer

A)  t score is to degrees of freedom. 
B)  p level is to effect size. 
C)  effect size is to p level. 
D)  degrees of freedom is to t score. 
A)  t score is to degrees of freedom. 
B)  p level is to effect size. 
C)  effect size is to p level. 
D)  degrees of freedom is to t score.

Question 20

The most basic way to establish cause and effect is with a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  two-group research design. 
B)  correlation. 
C)  interview. 
D)  observational study. 
A)  two-group research design. 
B)  correlation. 
C)  interview. 
D)  observational study.

Exam 8: B: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

The independent samples t-test compares:

Which of the following tests would have the greatest sensitivity to detect an effect?

The formula for the experimental hypothesis is:

Each of the following is required in a true experiment,EXCEPT:

If you are interested in determining whether fatigue causes negative mood,you would need to conduct a(n):

For which of the following would a two-group experimental research design be appropriate?

Distinguish which of the following is NOT a benefit that experimental designs offer over nonexperimental designs?

A factor other than the intended treatment that may change the outcome variable is known as:

In an experiment,the _____ group is compared with the experimental group.

An experimenter conducts a study to examine whether caffeine improves performance on an IQ test.Which of the following represents what happens in the control condition?

An experimenter _____ the independent variable and _____ the dependent variable.

If Dr.Ryan,a social psychologist,was investigating the relationship between temperature and participants' moods,an example of an extraneous variable would be:

Cause is to effect as the _____ is to _____.

Research has shown that bad weather puts people in a bad mood.In this experiment,which variable must have occurred first in order to ensure temporal precedence?

Virtual reality has been used to increase _____ and helps to make a study feel as real as possible.

In designing an experiment,a _____ measure would give you the most objective and sensitive assessment of the dependent variable?

Imagine that you are studying the effect of sour tastes on the human salivation response.In designing this study,what are you likely to ask participants in your experimental condition to do?

The _____ hypothesis is the prediction that there will be no difference in the dependent variable across different levels of the independent variable.

Statistical significance is to magnitude as:

The most basic way to establish cause and effect is with a(n):

A: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

B: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

C: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

D: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

Psychology As Science: Part 1

Psychology As Science: Part 2

A: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

B: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

C: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

D: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

The Research Process: Part 1

The Research Process: Part 2

A: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

B: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

C: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

D: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

Ethics: Part 1

Ethics: Part 2

A: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

B: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

C: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

D: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

The Psychologists: Part 1

The Psychologists: Part 2

A: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

B: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

C: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

D: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Qualitative Research: Part 1

Qualitative Research: Part 2

A: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

B: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

C: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

D: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Observational Research: Part 1

Observational Research: Part 2

A: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

C: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

D: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 1

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 2

A: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

C: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

D: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Two-Group Design: Part 1

Two-Group Design: Part 2

A: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

B: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

C: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

D: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Multi-Group Design: Part 1

Multi-Group Design: Part 2

A: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

B: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

C: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

D: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Within-Subjects Designs: Part 1

Within-Subjects Designs: Part 2

An experimenter _ the independent variable and _ the dependent variable.

Cause is to effect as the _ is to _.