Question 1

Prokaryotic cells generally are smaller than eukaryotic cells.Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotes have more diverse energy sources. 
B)  Prokaryotes have a capsule that limits cell growth. 
C)  The rigid cell wall of prokaryotes limits cell size. 
D)  Prokaryotes lack the genetic material needed for protein synthesis. 
E)  Eukaryotes have compartmentalization,which allows them to be structurally and functionally more complex. 
A)  Prokaryotes have more diverse energy sources. 
B)  Prokaryotes have a capsule that limits cell growth. 
C)  The rigid cell wall of prokaryotes limits cell size. 
D)  Prokaryotes lack the genetic material needed for protein synthesis. 
E)  Eukaryotes have compartmentalization,which allows them to be structurally and functionally more complex.

Question 2

The fundamental unit of life is the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fundamental unit of life is the...

Question 3

The DNA of mitochondria

Accepted Answer

A)  is needed to hydrolyze monomers. 
B)  is used to make proteins needed for mitochondrial function. 
C)  directs photosynthesis. 
D)  controls the cell's activities. 
E)  codes for glucose that will be used by the mitochondria to make energy. 
A)  is needed to hydrolyze monomers. 
B)  is used to make proteins needed for mitochondrial function. 
C)  directs photosynthesis. 
D)  controls the cell's activities. 
E)  codes for glucose that will be used by the mitochondria to make energy.

Question 4

The light microscope has glass lenses that focus visible light for imaging,whereas the electron microscope has _______ that focus electrons for imaging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The light microscope has glass lenses that...

Question 5

Which organelle converts stored lipids to carbohydrates in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Peroxisome 
D)  Phagosome 
E)  Ribosome 
A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Peroxisome 
D)  Phagosome 
E)  Ribosome

Question 6

When you feed radioactive sulfur to a culture of bacteria,the radioactive label will be incorporated into the proteins of the cell,and you can use this as a signal to identify structures containing protein.Which structure(s)would you expect to find labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flagella,but not the peptidoglycan layer 
B)  Peptidoglycan layer,but not the capsule 
C)  Capsule,but not the ribosomes 
D)  Nucleoid,but not the cytoplasm 
E)  Capsule,but not the cytoskeleton 
A)  Flagella,but not the peptidoglycan layer 
B)  Peptidoglycan layer,but not the capsule 
C)  Capsule,but not the ribosomes 
D)  Nucleoid,but not the cytoplasm 
E)  Capsule,but not the cytoskeleton

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.  
-The figure above shows an electron micrograph of a _______,and is most likely from a cell found in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleoid;a bacterium or member of the Archaea 
B)  Golgi apparatus;a plant or animal 
C)  mitochondrion;a bacterium 
D)  mitochondrion;an animal 
E)  chloroplast;a plant 
A)  nucleoid;a bacterium or member of the Archaea 
B)  Golgi apparatus;a plant or animal 
C)  mitochondrion;a bacterium 
D)  mitochondrion;an animal 
E)  chloroplast;a plant

Question 8

Chloroplasts are structures in which

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical energy is stored in the form of ATP. 
B)  cell division is controlled. 
C)  genetic information is used to make proteins. 
D)  sunlight energy is used to make sugar. 
E)  new organelles are made. 
A)  chemical energy is stored in the form of ATP. 
B)  cell division is controlled. 
C)  genetic information is used to make proteins. 
D)  sunlight energy is used to make sugar. 
E)  new organelles are made.

Question 9

If you forget to water a potted plant,its leaves wilt.A likely reason for this wilting is that

Accepted Answer

A)  water leaving the cells remains in the space between the cell membrane and cell wall. 
B)  vacuoles lose water,reducing the turgor pressure in the cells. 
C)  glyoxysomes are no longer able to function. 
D)  thylacoids are no longer able to convert light energy into chemical energy. 
E)  chloroplasts are lost from the cells. 
A)  water leaving the cells remains in the space between the cell membrane and cell wall. 
B)  vacuoles lose water,reducing the turgor pressure in the cells. 
C)  glyoxysomes are no longer able to function. 
D)  thylacoids are no longer able to convert light energy into chemical energy. 
E)  chloroplasts are lost from the cells.

Question 10

Which organelle is generated by the Golgi apparatus and contains digestive enzymes to hydrolyze macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Peroxisome 
D)  Phagosome 
E)  Ribosome 
A)  Glyoxysome 
B)  Lysosome 
C)  Peroxisome 
D)  Phagosome 
E)  Ribosome

Question 11

In examining a cell using the electron microscope,you see a structure that is composed of two membranes,contains numerous pores,and appears to be connected to a network of membrane-enclosed compartments.The structure you are observing is most likely the

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi apparatus. 
B)  rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  nuclear envelope. 
D)  mitochondrion. 
E)  smooth ER. 
A)  Golgi apparatus. 
B)  rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  nuclear envelope. 
D)  mitochondrion. 
E)  smooth ER.

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.  
-The cells lining your respiratory tract are typically ciliated and have a columnar shape (they are taller than they are wide).Which structure(s)shown in the figure contribute(s)most to the cilia and maintaining this shape of the cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  2 and 3 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 
E)  2,3,and 4 
A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  2 and 3 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 
E)  2,3,and 4

Question 13

If all the lysosomes within a cell suddenly ruptured,what would be the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The macromolecules in the cytosol would break down. 
B)  More proteins would be made. 
C)  The DNA within mitochondria would break down. 
D)  The mitochondria and chloroplasts would divide. 
E)  There would be no change in cell function. 
A)  The macromolecules in the cytosol would break down. 
B)  More proteins would be made. 
C)  The DNA within mitochondria would break down. 
D)  The mitochondria and chloroplasts would divide. 
E)  There would be no change in cell function.

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.  
-If you were able to attach a molecular tag to tubulin,and then visualize where that tag ended up in a cell,you would most likely be able to see tagged tubulin in which of the structures shown in the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 and 3 only 
C)  3 and 4 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 
E)  2,3,and 4 
A)  1 and 2 only 
B)  2 and 3 only 
C)  3 and 4 only 
D)  1,2,and 3 
E)  2,3,and 4

Question 15

A spherical cell with which diameter could respond most quickly to a chemical change in the surrounding fluid (all else being equal)?

Accepted Answer

A)  10$\mu$m 
B)  20 $\mu$m 
C)  1 $\mu$m 
D)  2,000 nm 
E)  All cells would respond with equal speed. 
A)  10$\mu$m 
B)  20 $\mu$m 
C)  1 $\mu$m 
D)  2,000 nm 
E)  All cells would respond with equal speed.

Question 16

Microfilaments

Accepted Answer

A)  are composed of polysaccharides. 
B)  are composed of actin monomers. 
C)  allow cilia and flagella to move. 
D)  make up the spindle that aids the movement of chromosomes. 
E)  maintain the position of the chloroplast in the cell. 
A)  are composed of polysaccharides. 
B)  are composed of actin monomers. 
C)  allow cilia and flagella to move. 
D)  make up the spindle that aids the movement of chromosomes. 
E)  maintain the position of the chloroplast in the cell.

Question 17

The extracellular matrix of animal cells

Accepted Answer

A)  is composed of cellulose. 
B)  contains plasmodesmata. 
C)  limits the cell volume by remaining rigid. 
D)  helps orient cell movements during embryonic development. 
E)  prevents cells from adhering to its components. 
A)  is composed of cellulose. 
B)  contains plasmodesmata. 
C)  limits the cell volume by remaining rigid. 
D)  helps orient cell movements during embryonic development. 
E)  prevents cells from adhering to its components.

Question 18

The membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum are continuous with the membranes of the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  peroxisomes. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  cell membrane. 
E)  mitochondria. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  peroxisomes. 
C)  nucleolus. 
D)  cell membrane. 
E)  mitochondria.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.  
-A collection of living cells containing the structure shown in the figure would most likely be

Accepted Answer

A)  green. 
B)  white. 
C)  from the root of a plant. 
D)  from the skeletal muscle of an animal. 
E)  from a highly secretory cell of a gland such as the pancreas. 
A)  green. 
B)  white. 
C)  from the root of a plant. 
D)  from the skeletal muscle of an animal. 
E)  from a highly secretory cell of a gland such as the pancreas.

Question 20

The surface area-to-volume ratio of an object will be decreased most by a process that

Accepted Answer

A)  cuts it into smaller pieces. 
B)  flattens it. 
C)  stretches it. 
D)  makes it spherical. 
E)  makes it cube-shaped. 
A)  cuts it into smaller pieces. 
B)  flattens it. 
C)  stretches it. 
D)  makes it spherical. 
E)  makes it cube-shaped.

Exam 4: Cells: the Working Units of Life

Prokaryotic cells generally are smaller than eukaryotic cells.Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this difference?

The fundamental unit of life is the _______.

The DNA of mitochondria

The light microscope has glass lenses that focus visible light for imaging,whereas the electron microscope has _______ that focus electrons for imaging.

Which organelle converts stored lipids to carbohydrates in plants?

When you feed radioactive sulfur to a culture of bacteria,the radioactive label will be incorporated into the proteins of the cell,and you can use this as a signal to identify structures containing protein.Which structure(s)would you expect to find labeled?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -The figure above shows an electron micrograph of a _______,and is most likely from a cell found in _______.

Chloroplasts are structures in which

If you forget to water a potted plant,its leaves wilt.A likely reason for this wilting is that

Which organelle is generated by the Golgi apparatus and contains digestive enzymes to hydrolyze macromolecules?

In examining a cell using the electron microscope,you see a structure that is composed of two membranes,contains numerous pores,and appears to be connected to a network of membrane-enclosed compartments.The structure you are observing is most likely the

If all the lysosomes within a cell suddenly ruptured,what would be the most likely result?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -If you were able to attach a molecular tag to tubulin,and then visualize where that tag ended up in a cell,you would most likely be able to see tagged tubulin in which of the structures shown in the figure above?

A spherical cell with which diameter could respond most quickly to a chemical change in the surrounding fluid (all else being equal)?

Microfilaments

The extracellular matrix of animal cells

The membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum are continuous with the membranes of the

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -A collection of living cells containing the structure shown in the figure would most likely be

The surface area-to-volume ratio of an object will be decreased most by a process that

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -The figure above shows an electron micrograph of a _,and is most likely from a cell found in _.