Question 1

Adjacent plant cells utilize ____ to rapidly communicate with each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  gap junctions 
B)  plasmodesmata 
C)  transport proteins 
D)  desmosomes 
E)  neurotransmitters 
A)  gap junctions 
B)  plasmodesmata 
C)  transport proteins 
D)  desmosomes 
E)  neurotransmitters

Question 2

Arrange the events in the pathway activated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the correct order.
Activation of effector
Activation of protein kinases
Receptor binds first messenger
Production of second messenger
Activation of G protein

Accepted Answer

A)  1→3→5→2→4 
B)  2→3→5→4→1 
C)  3→1→5→4→2 
D)  3→5→1→4→2 
E)  3→5→2→4→1 
A)  1→3→5→2→4 
B)  2→3→5→4→1 
C)  3→1→5→4→2 
D)  3→5→1→4→2 
E)  3→5→2→4→1

Question 3

Nitric oxide (NO) binds to an ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal receptor and activates a second messenger cascade 
B)  internal receptor and triggers a phosphorylation cascade 
C)  external receptor and activates a second messenger cascade 
D)  external receptor and triggers a phosphorylation cascade 
E)  external receptor and opens a ligand-gated ion channel. 
A)  internal receptor and activates a second messenger cascade 
B)  internal receptor and triggers a phosphorylation cascade 
C)  external receptor and activates a second messenger cascade 
D)  external receptor and triggers a phosphorylation cascade 
E)  external receptor and opens a ligand-gated ion channel.

Question 4

In the cAMP pathway, the G protein activates ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  diacylglycerol 
C)  phospholipase C 
D)  inositol triphosphate 
E)  phosphodiesterase 
A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  diacylglycerol 
C)  phospholipase C 
D)  inositol triphosphate 
E)  phosphodiesterase

Question 5

The overall process by which information carried by a signaling molecule is translated into changes that occur inside the cell is called signal ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  digestion 
B)  digression 
C)  induction 
D)  interaction 
E)  transduction 
A)  digestion 
B)  digression 
C)  induction 
D)  interaction 
E)  transduction

Question 6

Substance C is secreted from a neuron, and binds to its receptor on a nearby cell, triggering an increase in intracellular cAMP. Substance C is therefore a ligand for a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a receptor tyrosine kinase 
B)  a G-protein-coupled receptor 
C)  a hormone receptor 
D)  a ligand-gated ion channel 
E)  guanylyl cyclase 
A)  a receptor tyrosine kinase 
B)  a G-protein-coupled receptor 
C)  a hormone receptor 
D)  a ligand-gated ion channel 
E)  guanylyl cyclase

Question 7

NO binds to and activates____ to trigger its cellular response.

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor tyrosine kinase 
B)  G-protein-coupled receptors 
C)  MAPK 
D)  adenylyl cyclase 
E)  guanylyl cyclase 
A)  receptor tyrosine kinase 
B)  G-protein-coupled receptors 
C)  MAPK 
D)  adenylyl cyclase 
E)  guanylyl cyclase

Exam 9: Cell Communication

Adjacent plant cells utilize ____ to rapidly communicate with each other.

Arrange the events in the pathway activated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the correct order. Activation of effector Activation of protein kinases Receptor binds first messenger Production of second messenger Activation of G protein

Nitric oxide (NO) binds to an ____.

In the cAMP pathway, the G protein activates ____.

The overall process by which information carried by a signaling molecule is translated into changes that occur inside the cell is called signal ____.

Substance C is secreted from a neuron, and binds to its receptor on a nearby cell, triggering an increase in intracellular cAMP. Substance C is therefore a ligand for a ____.

NO binds to and activates____ to trigger its cellular response.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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