Exam 12: Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

In pea plants, yellow seed color is dominant to green and wrinkled seed texture is dominant to smooth. In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous plants with yellow, wrinkled seeds, if the two alleles assort independently, what is the probability that an offspring will have smooth, yellow seeds?

Pairs of alleles are found at a particular ____ on a pair of ____.

If purple flower color is dominant in pea plants, a cross between true breeding P generation purple and white plants will result in ____.

What is the probability of obtaining a head and a tail (in either order) when tossing a coin two times?

Would meiosis, when it was discovered, have been understood without Mendel's work? Explain why or why not, using Mendel's three key findings about inheritance.

What is the difference between polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy?

Mouse pigmentation is subject to epistasis of the B alleles by the d alleles. B (black) is dominant over b (brown), and D is dominant over d . Homozygous d is epistatic to the black and brown genes. Given this information, what genotype(s) result in a white mouse (no pigment)?

The fact that a person who suffers from sickle-cell anemia has symptoms like pneumonia, heart and kidney failure, fatigue, and paralysis is an example of ____.

A couple are both heterozygous for the dominant allele for polydactyly. They want to have three children. What is the probability that all three children will have polydactyly?

The ability of an individual heterozygous for two different genes to produce the four possible gamete types in equal numbers reflects Mendel's Law(s) of ____.

Two snapdragons heterozygous for alleles that encode red and white flower color are crossed. If the red and white alleles show incomplete dominance, what will be the ratios of phenotypes in the offspring?

Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. Your father has cystic fibrosis, which is also a recessive trait. You discover that your new father-in-law has albinism and cystic fibrosis. If neither you nor your spouse has either albinism or cystic fibrosis, what are the odds that your first child will have both albinism and cystic fibrosis?

A parent has a genotype of RrYy . What is the probability of this individual producing a gamete with the RY genotype?

A testcross is used to ____.

R is the dominant allele for round pea texture; r is the recessive allele for wrinkled pea texture. If you cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas, ____.

Mendel studied what he called characters and traits. What is the relationship between these terms?

We now know that some of the seven alleles Mendel studied are on the same chromosome in pea plants. Despite this, the law of independent assortment still applies. How would you explain this?

If your mother has cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you having cystic fibrosis are ____.

Your father is heterozygous for a recessive disorder. You know your mother has two "good" alleles. What is the probability that you will have the disorder?

If your mother and father both are healthy but carry the allele for cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you inheriting at least one allele for the disorder are ____.