Question 1

The Hardy-Weinberg formula is used to calculate changes in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  population size 
B)  speciation 
C)  allele frequencies 
D)  mutation 
E)  dimorphism 
A)  population size 
B)  speciation 
C)  allele frequencies 
D)  mutation 
E)  dimorphism

Question 2

The high incidence of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome among the Old Order Amish population is caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a population bottleneck 
B)  artificial selection 
C)  sexual selection 
D)  inbreeding 
E)  random mating 
A)  a population bottleneck 
B)  artificial selection 
C)  sexual selection 
D)  inbreeding 
E)  random mating

Question 3

Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground finches with small bills and ground finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  disruptive 
B)  directional 
C)  stabilizing 
D)  sexual 
E)  artificial 
A)  disruptive 
B)  directional 
C)  stabilizing 
D)  sexual 
E)  artificial

Question 4

Bacterial resistance to penicillin began to appear ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  several decades after its first use 
B)  100 years after its first use 
C)  after the drug was developed from synthetic sources 
D)  during the AIDS outbreak in the 1980s 
E)  within a few years of its introduction into general use 
A)  several decades after its first use 
B)  100 years after its first use 
C)  after the drug was developed from synthetic sources 
D)  during the AIDS outbreak in the 1980s 
E)  within a few years of its introduction into general use

Question 5

Directional selection favors ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  intermediate phenotypes 
B)  phenotypes at one end of the distribution 
C)  phenotypic extremes at both ends 
D)  heterozygous individuals 
E)  homozygous individuals 
A)  intermediate phenotypes 
B)  phenotypes at one end of the distribution 
C)  phenotypic extremes at both ends 
D)  heterozygous individuals 
E)  homozygous individuals

Question 6

Dog breeders produced the long body and short legs of a dachshund by employing ____ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant 
B)  directional 
C)  stabilizing 
D)  disruptive 
E)  sexual 
A)  dominant 
B)  directional 
C)  stabilizing 
D)  disruptive 
E)  sexual

Question 7

Like directional selection, sexual selection pushes phenotypes toward one extreme.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual's ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  preadolescent years 
B)  embryonic development 
C)  juvenile phase 
D)  postreproductive life 
E)  reproductive life 
A)  preadolescent years 
B)  embryonic development 
C)  juvenile phase 
D)  postreproductive life 
E)  reproductive life

Exam 21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

The Hardy-Weinberg formula is used to calculate changes in ____.

The high incidence of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome among the Old Order Amish population is caused by ____.

Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground finches with small bills and ground finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection.

Bacterial resistance to penicillin began to appear ____.

Directional selection favors ____.

Dog breeders produced the long body and short legs of a dachshund by employing ____ selection.

Like directional selection, sexual selection pushes phenotypes toward one extreme.

Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual's ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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