Question 1

An ecologist who studies groups of populations that occur together in one area is a(n) ____ ecologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  population 
C)  community 
D)  ecosystem 
E)  organismal 
A)  behavioral 
B)  population 
C)  community 
D)  ecosystem 
E)  organismal

Question 2

Which consequence is a documented result of global warming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cold-adapted species are more common. 
B)  Plants display later flowering and growth. 
C)  Minimum temperatures at Yosemite have increased about 3oover the last century. 
D)  Animals display later migration and breeding. 
E)  Minimum temperatures at Yosemite have decreased about 3oover the last century. 
A)  Cold-adapted species are more common. 
B)  Plants display later flowering and growth. 
C)  Minimum temperatures at Yosemite have increased about 3oover the last century. 
D)  Animals display later migration and breeding. 
E)  Minimum temperatures at Yosemite have decreased about 3oover the last century.

Question 3

In coastal areas, wind blows in from the sea during the night .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In a lotic system ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no border between freshwater and terrestrial systems 
B)  water stands in an open basin 
C)  freshwater and marine systems intermix 
D)  water flows through channels 
E)  marshes predominate 
A)  there is no border between freshwater and terrestrial systems 
B)  water stands in an open basin 
C)  freshwater and marine systems intermix 
D)  water flows through channels 
E)  marshes predominate

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: The top layer of the limnetic zone is called the ________, and is heated by the sun in summer.
At the ________, water temperature changes abruptly over a narrow depth range.
The epilimnion cools, becomes denser, and sinks, eliminating the thermocline during the ________.
Water temperature is briefly uniform at all depths, and winds create vertical currents during the ________.
The deep water of a lake's profundal zone is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of epilimnion and spring overturn and fall overturn is...

Question 6

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The oceanic zone is represented by letter ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 7

Adiabatic cooling takes place when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  latitudinal differences alter rainfall amounts 
B)  reversals of wind direction occur seasonally 
C)  a decrease in air temperature occurs without loss of heat energy 
D)  an increase in air temperature occurs without loss of heat energy 
E)  anytime air loses heat energy 
A)  latitudinal differences alter rainfall amounts 
B)  reversals of wind direction occur seasonally 
C)  a decrease in air temperature occurs without loss of heat energy 
D)  an increase in air temperature occurs without loss of heat energy 
E)  anytime air loses heat energy

Question 8

- Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which lake zone(s) support(s) detritivores and decomposers, but not photosynthesizers?

Accepted Answer

A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C 
A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C

Question 9

The addition of excess phosphorus causes lakes to become eutrophic because the nutrients trigger blooms of photosynthetic cyanobacteria. Why do these blooms cause low oxygen levels in lakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyanobacteria use up more oxygen than they produce. 
B)  Excess phosphorus binds to dissolved oxygen in the water. 
C)  Cyanobacteria are net producers of oxygen while alive, but when they die aerobic bacteria use oxygen while decomposing them. 
D)  Cyanobacterial blooms only occur in waters naturally low in oxygen. 
E)  Cyanobacteria are aerobic heterotrophs, consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide. 
A)  Cyanobacteria use up more oxygen than they produce. 
B)  Excess phosphorus binds to dissolved oxygen in the water. 
C)  Cyanobacteria are net producers of oxygen while alive, but when they die aerobic bacteria use oxygen while decomposing them. 
D)  Cyanobacterial blooms only occur in waters naturally low in oxygen. 
E)  Cyanobacteria are aerobic heterotrophs, consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide.

Question 10

Which winds push surface water toward the equator?

Accepted Answer

A)  trade winds 
B)  westerlies 
C)  easterlies 
D)  polar 
E)  adiabatic 
A)  trade winds 
B)  westerlies 
C)  easterlies 
D)  polar 
E)  adiabatic

Question 11

Which biome occurs where winter drought reduces photosynthesis and most trees drop their leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical montane forests 
B)  tropical deciduous forests 
C)  boreal forests 
D)  dry savannas 
E)  temperate forests 
A)  tropical montane forests 
B)  tropical deciduous forests 
C)  boreal forests 
D)  dry savannas 
E)  temperate forests

Question 12

Distinguish between observational and experimental research.

Accepted Answer

In experimental research, a scientist co

Question 13

A microclimate ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when the climate is moderated by the ocean 
B)  occurs when topographic features influence rainfall 
C)  describes weather conditions prevailing over an extended period of time 
D)  describes daily maximum and minimum temperatures 
E)  is the abiotic conditions immediately surrounding an organism 
A)  occurs when the climate is moderated by the ocean 
B)  occurs when topographic features influence rainfall 
C)  describes weather conditions prevailing over an extended period of time 
D)  describes daily maximum and minimum temperatures 
E)  is the abiotic conditions immediately surrounding an organism

Question 14

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which letter represents the littoral zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C 
A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C

Question 15

What makes temperate rainforests different from their tropical counterparts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Winters are mild and wet, and summers are cool, 
B)  Winters are cold, and summers are mild and wet. 
C)  They receive more rain. 
D)  They contain more species. 
E)  They differ only in latitude. 
A)  Winters are mild and wet, and summers are cool, 
B)  Winters are cold, and summers are mild and wet. 
C)  They receive more rain. 
D)  They contain more species. 
E)  They differ only in latitude.

Question 16

Which biome experiences the driest and warmest conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert 
B)  tropical rainforest 
C)  chaparral 
D)  temperate deciduous forest 
E)  boreal forest 
A)  desert 
B)  tropical rainforest 
C)  chaparral 
D)  temperate deciduous forest 
E)  boreal forest

Question 17

Expanding air masses ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  sink 
B)  rise 
C)  are cool and dry 
D)  can hold less water 
E)  experience no change 
A)  sink 
B)  rise 
C)  are cool and dry 
D)  can hold less water 
E)  experience no change

Question 18

What is the main determinant of biome distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  vegetation type 
B)  climate 
C)  ocean currents 
D)  elevation 
E)  weather 
A)  vegetation type 
B)  climate 
C)  ocean currents 
D)  elevation 
E)  weather

Question 19

A biome is most specifically defined as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a vegetation type plus its associated microorganisms, fungi, and animals 
B)  a biological community and the physical environment with which it interacts 
C)  the total dry weight of plants present in a specific area at any given time 
D)  an assemblage of species living in the same place 
E)  a group of organisms of the same species living together at one time 
A)  a vegetation type plus its associated microorganisms, fungi, and animals 
B)  a biological community and the physical environment with which it interacts 
C)  the total dry weight of plants present in a specific area at any given time 
D)  an assemblage of species living in the same place 
E)  a group of organisms of the same species living together at one time

Question 20

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The benthic province includes the intertidal zone, represented by letter ____, and the abyssal zone, represented by letter ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  G; H 
B)  B; H 
C)  E; H 
D)  B; C 
E)  E; F 
A)  G; H 
B)  B; H 
C)  E; H 
D)  B; C 
E)  E; F

Exam 51: Ecology and the Biosphere

An ecologist who studies groups of populations that occur together in one area is a(n) ____ ecologist.

Which consequence is a documented result of global warming?

In coastal areas, wind blows in from the sea during the night .

In a lotic system ____.

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The oceanic zone is represented by letter ____.

Adiabatic cooling takes place when ____.

- Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which lake zone(s) support(s) detritivores and decomposers, but not photosynthesizers?

The addition of excess phosphorus causes lakes to become eutrophic because the nutrients trigger blooms of photosynthetic cyanobacteria. Why do these blooms cause low oxygen levels in lakes?

Which winds push surface water toward the equator?

Which biome occurs where winter drought reduces photosynthesis and most trees drop their leaves?

Distinguish between observational and experimental research.

A microclimate ____.

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which letter represents the littoral zone?

What makes temperate rainforests different from their tropical counterparts?

Which biome experiences the driest and warmest conditions?

Expanding air masses ____.

What is the main determinant of biome distribution?

A biome is most specifically defined as ____.

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The benthic province includes the intertidal zone, represented by letter ____, and the abyssal zone, represented by letter ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The benthic province includes the intertidal zone, represented by letter , and the abyssal zone, represented by letter .