Question 1

Which of the following best describes a model organism?

Accepted Answer

A) It is often pictured in textbooks and easy for students to imagine. 
B) It lends itself to many studies that are useful to beginning students. 
C) It is well studied, easy to grow, and results are widely applicable. 
D) It is small, inexpensive to grow, and lives a long time. 
E) It has been chosen for study by the earliest biologists. 
A) It is often pictured in textbooks and easy for students to imagine. 
B) It lends itself to many studies that are useful to beginning students. 
C) It is well studied, easy to grow, and results are widely applicable. 
D) It is small, inexpensive to grow, and lives a long time. 
E) It has been chosen for study by the earliest biologists.

Question 2

Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A) natural philosophy. 
B) creationism. 
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life. 
D) natural selection. 
E) feedback inhibition. 
A) natural philosophy. 
B) creationism. 
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life. 
D) natural selection. 
E) feedback inhibition.

Question 3

Once labour begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labour contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) a bioinformatic system 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) feedback inhibition 
E) enzymatic catalysis 
A) a bioinformatic system 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) feedback inhibition 
E) enzymatic catalysis

Question 4

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
  
-Figure B is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryote. 
B) eukaryote. 
C) protist. 
D) mitochondrion. 
E) not enough detail to determine. 
A) prokaryote. 
B) eukaryote. 
C) protist. 
D) mitochondrion. 
E) not enough detail to determine.

Question 5

A controlled experiment is one in which

Accepted Answer

A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. 
B) the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data. 
C) there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment. 
D) there are at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables. 
E) there is one group for which the scientist controls all variables. 
A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate. 
B) the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data. 
C) there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment. 
D) there are at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables. 
E) there is one group for which the scientist controls all variables.

Question 6

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are studying photosynthesis and its overall function and purpose. You choose to use several aquatic plants of the same species and divide them into two tanks. One tank is under a low light regime and the other a high light regime. You grow them in these conditions for several weeks and make observations.
-After several weeks you notice that the plants in high light are larger (grew more)and there are more air bubbles in the tank than in the low light tank. The most logical conclusion is that

Accepted Answer

A) more air in the tank has helped the plants to grow. 
B) the difference in light must have an influence on growth. 
C) you didn't do the study properly and put larger plants in one tank. 
D) something in the low light tank must be stopping growth. 
E) you need to do more research to fully understand what could be happening. 
A) more air in the tank has helped the plants to grow. 
B) the difference in light must have an influence on growth. 
C) you didn't do the study properly and put larger plants in one tank. 
D) something in the low light tank must be stopping growth. 
E) you need to do more research to fully understand what could be happening.

Question 7

Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) mutation frequency 
B) ancestors from different regions 
C) adaptive radiation 
D) vestigial anatomic structures 
E) the accuracy of the fossil record 
A) mutation frequency 
B) ancestors from different regions 
C) adaptive radiation 
D) vestigial anatomic structures 
E) the accuracy of the fossil record

Question 8

The plant you chose has never been studied before. Perhaps you could have chosen a plant that many researchers are working on so that you could use and add to the body of knowledge about that organism. This type of species is known as a(n)________ and encourages ________ amongst researchers.

Accepted Answer

A) common research organism; cooperation 
B) model organism; cooperation 
C) model organism; competition 
D) shared species; communication 
E) modified organism; competition 
A) common research organism; cooperation 
B) model organism; cooperation 
C) model organism; competition 
D) shared species; communication 
E) modified organism; competition

Question 9

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures?

Accepted Answer

A) They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific. 
B) Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking. 
C) Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively. 
D) This is another way of making science more reproducible. 
E) Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research. 
A) They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific. 
B) Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking. 
C) Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively. 
D) This is another way of making science more reproducible. 
E) Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research.

Question 10

When applying the process of science, which of these is specifically tested?

Accepted Answer

A) a question 
B) a result 
C) an observation 
D) a prediction 
E) a hypothesis 
A) a question 
B) a result 
C) an observation 
D) a prediction 
E) a hypothesis

Exam 1: Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

Which of the following best describes a model organism?

Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by

Once labour begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labour contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. -Figure B is a(n)

A controlled experiment is one in which

Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following?

The plant you chose has never been studied before. Perhaps you could have chosen a plant that many researchers are working on so that you could use and add to the body of knowledge about that organism. This type of species is known as a(n)________ and encourages ________ amongst researchers.

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures?

When applying the process of science, which of these is specifically tested?

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

The plant you chose has never been studied before. Perhaps you could have chosen a plant that many researchers are working on so that you could use and add to the body of knowledge about that organism. This type of species is known as a(n) and encourages amongst researchers.