Question 1

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S, which of these molecules will be labelled?

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids 
A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids

Question 2

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which of the following descriptors is true of the molecule shown in the above figure?

Accepted Answer

A) hexose 
B) fructose 
C) glucose 
D) hexose and fructose only 
E) hexose and glucose only 
A) hexose 
B) fructose 
C) glucose 
D) hexose and fructose only 
E) hexose and glucose only

Question 3

What methods may be used to elucidate the structures of purified proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) X-ray crystallography 
B) bioinformatics 
C) analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments 
D) NMR spectroscopy 
E) both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy 
A) X-ray crystallography 
B) bioinformatics 
C) analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments 
D) NMR spectroscopy 
E) both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy

Question 4

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You have just had a breakfast of toast (high-fibre bread) with butter and jam (no added sugar) along with a glass of milk.
-Of these two, which one will not be hydrolyzed in your digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) glucose 
E) fructose 
A) fatty acids 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) glucose 
E) fructose

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A) They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B) They have double bonds between carbon atoms of the fatty acids. 
C) They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D) They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E) They are usually produced by plants. 
A) They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B) They have double bonds between carbon atoms of the fatty acids. 
C) They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D) They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E) They are usually produced by plants.

Question 6

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) chitin 
D) glycogen and chitin only 
E) glycogen, cellulose, and chitin 
A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) chitin 
D) glycogen and chitin only 
E) glycogen, cellulose, and chitin

Question 7

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) removal of a water molecule 
B) addition of a water molecule 
C) formation of a glycosidic bond 
D) formation of a hydrogen bond 
E) both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond 
A) removal of a water molecule 
B) addition of a water molecule 
C) formation of a glycosidic bond 
D) formation of a hydrogen bond 
E) both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond

Question 8

On food packages, to what does the term insoluble fibre refer?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) polypeptides 
C) starch 
D) amylopectin 
E) chitin 
A) cellulose 
B) polypeptides 
C) starch 
D) amylopectin 
E) chitin

Question 9

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides. Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids. DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides.
-Which class of biological polymer has the greatest functional variety?

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA 
A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA

Question 10

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides. Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids. DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides.
-Professor Jamey Marth at the University of California, Santa Barbara, identified 70 molecules that are used to build cellular macromolecules and structures. These include at least 34 saccharides, 8 nucleosides, and 20 amino acids. In theory, then, which class of biological polymer has the greatest information-coding capacity?

Accepted Answer

A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA 
A) polysaccharides 
B) proteins 
C) DNA 
D) RNA

Question 11

Which of the following is true of cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose. 
B) It is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells. 
C) It is digestible by bacteria in the human gut. 
D) It is a major structural component of plant cell walls. 
E) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose, it is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells, it is digestible by bacteria in the human gut, and it is a major structural component of plant cell walls. 
A) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose. 
B) It is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells. 
C) It is digestible by bacteria in the human gut. 
D) It is a major structural component of plant cell walls. 
E) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose, it is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells, it is digestible by bacteria in the human gut, and it is a major structural component of plant cell walls.

Question 12

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³²P-labelled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labelled?

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both phospholipids and nucleic acids 
A) phospholipids 
B) nucleic acids 
C) proteins 
D) amylose 
E) both phospholipids and nucleic acids

Question 13

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence

Accepted Answer

A) 5'TAACGT3'. 
B) 5'TGCAAT3'. 
C) 5'UAACGU3'. 
D) 3'UAACGU5'. 
E) 5'UGCAAU3'. 
A) 5'TAACGT3'. 
B) 5'TGCAAT3'. 
C) 5'UAACGU3'. 
D) 3'UAACGU5'. 
E) 5'UGCAAU3'.

Question 14

All of the following contain amino acids except

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) antibodies. 
D) enzymes. 
E) insulin. 
A) hemoglobin. 
B) cholesterol. 
C) antibodies. 
D) enzymes. 
E) insulin.

Question 15

-Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecule illustrated in the figure above?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a saturated fatty acid. 
B) A diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. 
C) Molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. 
D) It is a saturated fatty acid and a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. 
E) It is a saturated fatty acid, a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis, and molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. 
A) It is a saturated fatty acid. 
B) A diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. 
C) Molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. 
D) It is a saturated fatty acid and a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. 
E) It is a saturated fatty acid, a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis, and molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature.

Question 16

Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyl groups 
B) carbonyl groups 
C) carboxyl groups 
D) either carbonyl or carboxyl groups 
E) either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups 
A) hydroxyl groups 
B) carbonyl groups 
C) carboxyl groups 
D) either carbonyl or carboxyl groups 
E) either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups

Question 17

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 12 
E) 13 
A) 1 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 12 
E) 13

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³⁵S, which of these molecules will be labelled?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the following descriptors is true of the molecule shown in the above figure?

What methods may be used to elucidate the structures of purified proteins?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You have just had a breakfast of toast (high-fibre bread) with butter and jam (no added sugar) along with a glass of milk. -Of these two, which one will not be hydrolyzed in your digestive tract?

Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids?

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

On food packages, to what does the term insoluble fibre refer?

Which of the following is true of cellulose?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ³²P-labelled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labelled?

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence

All of the following contain amino acids except

-Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecule illustrated in the figure above?

Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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