Exam 8: An Introduction to Metabolism

In order to attach a particular amino acid to the tRNA molecule that will transport it, an enzyme, an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, is required, along with ATP. Initially, the enzyme has an active site for ATP and another for the amino acid, but it is not able to attach the tRNA. What must occur in order for the final attachment to occur?

A chemical reaction that has a positive ΔG is correctly described as

The active site of an enzyme is the region that

Use the following information to answer the questions below. A series of enzymes catalyze the reaction X → Y → Z → A. Product A binds to the enzyme that converts X to Y at a position remote from its active site. This binding decreases the activity of the enzyme. -What is substance X?

Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

Which of the following statements is representative of the second law of thermodynamics?

Which of the following is true of metabolism in its entirety in all organisms?

Biological evolution of life on Earth, from simple prokaryote-like cells to large, multicellular eukaryotic organisms

Which of the following statements describes enzyme cooperativity?

________ is the kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms.

Which of the following is most similar in structure to ATP?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. Activity of various enzymes at various temperatures (a) and at various pH (b). -Which temperature and pH profile curves on the graphs were most likely generated from analysis of an enzyme from a human stomach where conditions are strongly acid?

Which of the following is the smallest closed system?

When 10 000 molecules of ATP are hydrolyzed to ADP and ᵢ in a test tube, about twice as much heat is liberated as when a cell hydrolyzes the same amount of ATP. Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation?

Which of the following types of reactions would decrease the entropy within a cell?

The following questions are based on the reaction A + B ↔ C + D shown in the figure below. -Assume that the reaction in the figure above has a ΔG of -5.6 kcal/mol. Which of the following would be true?

Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because

Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?

Mutations that result in single amino acid substitutions in an enzyme

The mathematical expression for the change in free energy of a system is ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. Which of the following is (are)correct?