Exam 7: Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

After Pavlov had conditioned his dogs to salivate to the bell, he repeatedly presented the bell without presenting the food.As a result, _____ occurred.

In _____, an antecedent stimulus that does not produce a response is linked with one that does.

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, the conditioned response was the

Your niece has a temper tantrum in the store when she is shopping.If you buy her a toy you are

When a mother praises her child for behaving properly in the grocery store, she is

According to the _____, learning is strengthened each time a response is followed by a satisfying state of affairs.

Advertisers often try to create positive _____ by pairing their products with pleasant images and music.

Many phobias can be traced back to a time when we were frightened, injured, or upset by a particular stimulus and, thus, would be based on

Responding to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus is called

A baby cries when it hears a stranger's voice, but not when it hears its mother's voice.This illustrates

Ms.Reed's emotional reaction to her ordeal of being trapped on an elevator for several hours has generalized to a fear of all enclosed spaces.This is an example of

When the CS is not followed by the US, _____ will eventually occur.

A child burns her finger while playing with matches.The lighted matches become conditioned fear stimuli.Because of _____, she may also develop a healthy fear of flames from lighters, fireplaces, and stoves.

A nurse elicits fear and anxiety as a result of being present when a child received a shot.The same nurse can now act as a conditioning stimulus, causing the child to fear a thermometer because the nurse is holding the thermometer.This is an example of

If you wear a particular tie and get teased and laughed at, you are less likely to wear this tie again.This illustrates

Another name for classical conditioning is

Classical conditioning is considered to be so powerful because

Blinking your eye to a puff of air would be a good example of a(n)

What is meant by the statement, "classical conditioning is a reversible process"?

Events that precede a response are called _____, while events that follow a response are called _____.