Exam 28: Green Algae and Land Plants

The major function of medicinal compounds in plants is to ________.

Orchid bees are to Brazil nut trees as ________ are to pine trees.

Arrange the following structures, which can be found on male pine trees, from the largest structure to the smallest structure (or from most inclusive to least inclusive). 1) sporophyte 2) microspores 3) microsporangia 4) pollen cone 5) pollen nuclei

Which of the following features is most important for true mosses and ferns to reproduce in the desert?

As fuels, wood and coal ________.

Molecular phylogenies show all land plants are a monophyletic group. This suggests ________.

Where are you LEAST likely to see green algae?

Over human history, which process has been most important in improving the features of plants long used by humans as staple foods?

A botanist discovers a new species of land plant with a dominant sporophyte, chlorophylls a and b, and cell walls made of cellulose. In assigning this plant to a phylum, which of the following, if present, would be LEAST useful?

Because they are morphologically simple, Psilotophyta (whisk ferns) have traditionally been thought to be a basal group in the radiation of land plants. Molecular phylogenies have challenged this hypothesis and support the alternative hypothesis that they________.

Which of these are spore-producing structures?

Which set contains the most closely related terms?

Which structure is common to both gymnosperms and angiosperms?

Researchers tested nitrogen loss from soil where the moss Dawsonia was growing and compared it to soil from which Dawsonia had been removed. The data are presented in the accompanying figure. -If the actual results most closely resembled those in part (A) in the figure above, then a further question arising from these data is: "Do the Dawsonia rhizoids have to be alive to reduce soil nitrogen loss, or do dead rhizoids have the same effect?" Arrange the following steps in the correct sequence to test this hypothesis. 1) Add metabolic poison to the soil of the experimental plot of mosses. 2) Apply water equally to the experimental and control plots. 3) Measure initial soil nitrogen contents of control and experimental plots. 4) Determine nitrogen loss from the soil of control and experimental plots. 5) Establish two identical plots of Dawsonia mosses; one as a control, the other as the experimental treatment.

According to our current knowledge of plant evolution, which group of organisms should feature cell division most similar to that of land plants?

Use the following information to answer the question(s) below. The Brazil nut tree, Bertholletia excels, is native to tropical rain forests of South America. It is a hardwood tree that can grow to over 50 meters tall, is a source of high-quality lumber, and is a favorite nesting site for harpy eagles. As the rainy season ends, tough-walled fruits, each containing 8-25 seeds (Brazil nuts), fall to the forest floor. Brazil nuts are composed primarily of endosperm. About $50 million worth of nuts are harvested each year. Scientists have discovered that the pale yellow flowers of Brazil nut trees cannot fertilize themselves and admit only female orchid bees as pollinators. The agouti (Dasyprocta spp.), a cat-sized rodent, is the only animal with teeth strong enough to crack the hard wall of Brazil nut fruits. It typically eats some of the seeds, buries others, and leaves still others inside the fruit, which moisture can now enter. The uneaten seeds may subsequently germinate. -Entrepreneurs attempted, but failed, to harvest nuts from plantations grown in Southeast Asia. Attempts to grow Brazil nut trees in South American plantations also failed. In both cases, the trees grew vigorously, produced healthy flowers in profusion, but set no fruit. Consequently, what is the likely source of the problem?

Red, brown, and some green algae exhibit alternation of generations. All land plants exhibit alternation of generations. No charophytes (stoneworts) exhibit alternation of generations. Keeping in mind the recent evidence indicating charophytes are the sister group to land plants, we can infer ________.

Which group of seedless vascular plants was the first to evolve roots?

What is TRUE about the genus Sphagnum?

The generative cell of male angiosperm gametophytes is haploid. This cell divides to produce two haploid sperm cells. What type of cell division does the generative cell undergo to produce these sperm cells?