Question 1

A triploid individual ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is unable to undergo normal meiosis 
B)  is unable to undergo mitosis 
C)  produces offspring with an even number of chromosome sets (for example, tetraploid, hexaploid) 
D)  has an additional stage in meiosis (meiosis I, meiosis II, and meiosis III) 
A)  is unable to undergo normal meiosis 
B)  is unable to undergo mitosis 
C)  produces offspring with an even number of chromosome sets (for example, tetraploid, hexaploid) 
D)  has an additional stage in meiosis (meiosis I, meiosis II, and meiosis III) A

Question 2

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  length and position of the centromere only 
B)  length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 
C)  length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes 
D)  They have nothing in common except that they are X-shaped. 
A)  length and position of the centromere only 
B)  length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 
C)  length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes 
D)  They have nothing in common except that they are X-shaped. C

Question 3

Which of the following would enable you to detect aneuploidy?

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomy 
B)  karyotyping 
C)  syngamy 
D)  synapsis 
A)  autosomy 
B)  karyotyping 
C)  syngamy 
D)  synapsis B

Question 4

For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes?

Accepted Answer

A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  about 1000 
D)  about 8 million 
E)  about 70 trillion 
A)  23 
B)  46 
C)  about 1000 
D)  about 8 million 
E)  about 70 trillion

Question 5

Hexaploid wheat was produced synthetically by He and co-workers. They mated the diploid species, A. tauschii, and the tetraploid species, T. turgidum. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the relative contribution of each parent to the genome of the hexaploid offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each parent contributed equally to the genome of the offspring. 
B)  Aegilops tauschii contributed four chromosomes by failing to complete meiosis after chromosome replication, and T. turgidum contributed two chromosomes. 
C)  Aegilops tauschii contributed two sets of chromosomes, and T. turgidum contributed four sets of chromosomes. 
D)  The hexaploid number appeared following mitosis with no subsequent cell division. 
A)  Each parent contributed equally to the genome of the offspring. 
B)  Aegilops tauschii contributed four chromosomes by failing to complete meiosis after chromosome replication, and T. turgidum contributed two chromosomes. 
C)  Aegilops tauschii contributed two sets of chromosomes, and T. turgidum contributed four sets of chromosomes. 
D)  The hexaploid number appeared following mitosis with no subsequent cell division.

Question 6

How many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can be packaged in gametes made by an organism with a diploid number of 8 (2n = 8)?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
E)  32 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
E)  32

Question 7

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid 
B)  diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids 
C)  haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid 
D)  haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids 
E)  tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids 
A)  diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid 
B)  diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids 
C)  haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid 
D)  haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids 
E)  tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids

Question 8

The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. How do privet chromosomes differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have 46?

Accepted Answer

A)  Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually. 
B)  Privet sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. 
C)  Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans. 
D)  Privet shrubs must be metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs. 
E)  Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18. 
A)  Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually. 
B)  Privet sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. 
C)  Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans. 
D)  Privet shrubs must be metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs. 
E)  Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18.

Question 9

When we first see chiasmata under a microscope, we know that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction has occurred 
B)  meiosis II has occurred 
C)  anaphase II has occurred 
D)  prophase I is occurring 
E)  separation of homologs has occurred 
A)  asexual reproduction has occurred 
B)  meiosis II has occurred 
C)  anaphase II has occurred 
D)  prophase I is occurring 
E)  separation of homologs has occurred

Question 10

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is not as common, but when it does happen, the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems?

Accepted Answer

A)  9 
B)  10 
C)  19 
D)  38 
A)  9 
B)  10 
C)  19 
D)  38

Question 11

What makes sexually reproduced offspring genetically different from their parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic recombination during meiosis 
B)  genetic recombination during mitosis 
C)  crossing over during mitosis 
D)  Sexual reproduction does not produce genetically different offspring. 
A)  genetic recombination during meiosis 
B)  genetic recombination during mitosis 
C)  crossing over during mitosis 
D)  Sexual reproduction does not produce genetically different offspring.

Question 12

Homologous pairs of chromosomes align opposite to each other at the equator of a cell during ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphase of mitosis 
B)  metaphase I of meiosis 
C)  telophase II of meiosis 
D)  metaphase II of meiosis 
A)  metaphase of mitosis 
B)  metaphase I of meiosis 
C)  telophase II of meiosis 
D)  metaphase II of meiosis

Question 13

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  backtracking through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits 
B)  breeding this plant with another plant with much weaker traits 
C)  cloning the plant 
D)  forcing the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one 
E)  adding nitrogen to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue 
A)  backtracking through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits 
B)  breeding this plant with another plant with much weaker traits 
C)  cloning the plant 
D)  forcing the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one 
E)  adding nitrogen to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue

Question 14

Homologous chromosomes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are identical 
B)  carry information for the same traits 
C)  carry the same alleles 
D)  align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II 
A)  are identical 
B)  carry information for the same traits 
C)  carry the same alleles 
D)  align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II

Question 15

Refer to the information and associated figure to answer the following question(s).
-If a female of this species has one chromosome 12 with a blue gene and another chromosome 12 with an orange gene, and has both number 19 chromosomes with short genes, she will produce which of the following egg types?

Accepted Answer

A)  only blue short gene eggs 
B)  only orange short gene eggs 
C)  one-half blue short and one-half orange short gene eggs 
D)  three-fourths blue long and one-fourth orange short gene eggs 
E)  three-fourths blue short and one-fourth orange short gene eggs 
A)  only blue short gene eggs 
B)  only orange short gene eggs 
C)  one-half blue short and one-half orange short gene eggs 
D)  three-fourths blue long and one-fourth orange short gene eggs 
E)  three-fourths blue short and one-fourth orange short gene eggs

Question 16

A triploid cell contains sets of 3 homologous chromosomes. If a cell of a usually diploid species with 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  63 chromosomes in   pairs 
B)  63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3 
C)  63 chromosomes, each with 3 chromatids 
D)  21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes 
A)  63 chromosomes in   pairs 
B)  63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3 
C)  63 chromosomes, each with 3 chromatids 
D)  21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes

Question 17

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome replication 
B)  synapsis of chromosomes 
C)  production of daughter cells 
D)  alignment of chromosomes at the equator 
E)  condensation of chromosomes 
A)  chromosome replication 
B)  synapsis of chromosomes 
C)  production of daughter cells 
D)  alignment of chromosomes at the equator 
E)  condensation of chromosomes

Question 18

The egg of a fruit fly has 4 individual chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of a fruit fly?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  2 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  4 
B)  2 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 19

Which is the smallest unit containing the entire human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  one male somatic cell 
B)  one human chromosome 
C)  all of the DNA in all of the cells of one human 
D)  all of the DNA in all of the cells of the entire human population 
E)  one human gamete 
A)  one male somatic cell 
B)  one human chromosome 
C)  all of the DNA in all of the cells of one human 
D)  all of the DNA in all of the cells of the entire human population 
E)  one human gamete

Question 20

Whether during mitosis or meiosis, sister chromatids are held together by proteins referred to as cohesins. Such molecules must ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  persist throughout the cell cycle 
B)  be removed before meiosis can begin 
C)  be removed before sister chromatids can separate 
D)  reattach to chromosomes during G1 
E)  be intact for nuclear envelope re-formation 
A)  persist throughout the cell cycle 
B)  be removed before meiosis can begin 
C)  be removed before sister chromatids can separate 
D)  reattach to chromosomes during G1 
E)  be intact for nuclear envelope re-formation

Exam 13: Meiosis

A triploid individual ________.

In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?

Which of the following would enable you to detect aneuploidy?

For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes?

Hexaploid wheat was produced synthetically by He and co-workers. They mated the diploid species, A. tauschii, and the tetraploid species, T. turgidum. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the relative contribution of each parent to the genome of the hexaploid offspring?

How many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can be packaged in gametes made by an organism with a diploid number of 8 (2n = 8)?

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is ________.

The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. How do privet chromosomes differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have 46?

When we first see chiasmata under a microscope, we know that ________.

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is not as common, but when it does happen, the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems?

What makes sexually reproduced offspring genetically different from their parents?

Homologous pairs of chromosomes align opposite to each other at the equator of a cell during ________.

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

Homologous chromosomes ________.

A triploid cell contains sets of 3 homologous chromosomes. If a cell of a usually diploid species with 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following?

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

The egg of a fruit fly has 4 individual chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of a fruit fly?

Which is the smallest unit containing the entire human genome?

Whether during mitosis or meiosis, sister chromatids are held together by proteins referred to as cohesins. Such molecules must ________.

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Energy and Enzymes: an Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cellcell Interactions

The Cell Cycle

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology and Beyond

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems

Animal Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction and Development

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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