Question 1

Which statement about the economic usefulness of fungi is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species are used commercially to flavor foods. 
B)  Some species are edible. 
C)  Some species produce alcohol via fermentation. 
D)  Some species produce oxygen via fermentation. 
E)  Some species produce antibiotics. 
A)  Some species are used commercially to flavor foods. 
B)  Some species are edible. 
C)  Some species produce alcohol via fermentation. 
D)  Some species produce oxygen via fermentation. 
E)  Some species produce antibiotics.

Question 2

Which statement about lichens is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can reproduce by fragmentation of the vegetative body. 
B)  They are often the first colonists in a new area. 
C)  They render their environment more basic (alkaline). 
D)  They contribute to soil formation. 
E)  They may contain less than 10 percent water by weight. 
A)  They can reproduce by fragmentation of the vegetative body. 
B)  They are often the first colonists in a new area. 
C)  They render their environment more basic (alkaline). 
D)  They contribute to soil formation. 
E)  They may contain less than 10 percent water by weight.

Question 3

Baker's yeast is one species of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Ascomycota. 
B)  Microsporidia. 
C)  Blastocladiomycota. 
D)  Basidiomycota. 
E)  mycorrhizae. 
A)  Ascomycota. 
B)  Microsporidia. 
C)  Blastocladiomycota. 
D)  Basidiomycota. 
E)  mycorrhizae.

Question 4

The cell walls of fungal hyphae contain the polysaccharide

Accepted Answer

A)  chitin. 
B)  cellulose. 
C)  lignin. 
D)  silica. 
E)  pectin. 
A)  chitin. 
B)  cellulose. 
C)  lignin. 
D)  silica. 
E)  pectin.

Question 5

Which of the following groups of fungi has the common name club fungi,has complete cross-walls,and includes puffballs,mushrooms,wheat rust,and smut fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota 
A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota

Question 6

Fungi play important roles in the fermentation of many different human foods.Which of the following is not one of these foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beer 
B)  Bread 
C)  Soy sauce 
D)  Cheese 
E)  Yogurt 
A)  Beer 
B)  Bread 
C)  Soy sauce 
D)  Cheese 
E)  Yogurt

Question 7

Which of the following groups of fungi reproduces asexually (no evidence yet of sexual reproduction)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota 
A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota

Question 8

The algal partner in a lichen symbiosis is responsible primarily for

Accepted Answer

A)  respiration. 
B)  carbohydrate production. 
C)  defense. 
D)  reproduction. 
E)  water storage. 
A)  respiration. 
B)  carbohydrate production. 
C)  defense. 
D)  reproduction. 
E)  water storage.

Question 9

Assume that one haploid nucleus of a fungus with a dikaryotic life cycle contains 16 chromosomes.How many chromosomes would the zygote contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64

Question 10

Which of the following groups of fungi has perforated cross-walls and is found in terrestrial,marine,and freshwater habitats?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota 
A)  Zygomycota 
B)  Chytrids 
C)  Ascomycota 
D)  Basidiomycota 
E)  Glomeromycota

Question 11

The names of fungal groups are based on structures associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual reproduction. 
B)  nutrition. 
C)  ecology. 
D)  vegetative growth. 
E)  cell division. 
A)  sexual reproduction. 
B)  nutrition. 
C)  ecology. 
D)  vegetative growth. 
E)  cell division.

Question 12

Assume that one haploid nucleus of a fungus with a dikaryotic life cycle contains 16 chromosomes.How many chromosomes would be present in the nuclei of a monokaryotic mycelium resulting from spore germination?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64

Question 13

One adaptation that fungi have for absorptive nutrition,in which nutrients are absorbed across the cell surfaces,is

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of a cell wall. 
B)  a small surface area-to-volume ratio. 
C)  a large surface area-to-volume ratio. 
D)  tolerance of low temperatures. 
E)  tolerance of high temperatures. 
A)  lack of a cell wall. 
B)  a small surface area-to-volume ratio. 
C)  a large surface area-to-volume ratio. 
D)  tolerance of low temperatures. 
E)  tolerance of high temperatures.

Question 14

Which statement about how fungi obtain nitrogen is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from the atmosphere. 
B)  Fungi can use nitrate ions as their source of nitrogen. 
C)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from protein sources. 
D)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen from ammonium. 
E)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from dead organic matter. 
A)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from the atmosphere. 
B)  Fungi can use nitrate ions as their source of nitrogen. 
C)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from protein sources. 
D)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen from ammonium. 
E)  Fungi can obtain nitrogen directly from dead organic matter.

Question 15

What feature of the chytrids suggests that the fungi had an aquatic ancestor?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have haploid gametes with flagella 
B)  They have haploid zoospores with flagella. 
C)  They lack chitin in their cell walls. 
D)  They have diploid nuclei. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  They have haploid gametes with flagella 
B)  They have haploid zoospores with flagella. 
C)  They lack chitin in their cell walls. 
D)  They have diploid nuclei. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 16

Plants with active mycorrhizae

Accepted Answer

A)  need extensive root systems. 
B)  display enhanced absorption of water and minerals (especially phosphorus). 
C)  are heavily parasitized and die. 
D)  receive no nutritional benefit from this arrangement. 
E)  render their environment more acidic. 
A)  need extensive root systems. 
B)  display enhanced absorption of water and minerals (especially phosphorus). 
C)  are heavily parasitized and die. 
D)  receive no nutritional benefit from this arrangement. 
E)  render their environment more acidic.

Question 17

Which evolutionary hypothesis best explains why microsporidia lack mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They became photosynthetic and could manufacture their own energy. 
B)  They became chemosynthetic and could manufacture their own energy. 
C)  They are primitive eukaryotes that never evolved this organelle. 
D)  They are prokaryotes like bacteria and thus lack nuclei and organelles. 
E)  They rely on a host organism for energy. 
A)  They became photosynthetic and could manufacture their own energy. 
B)  They became chemosynthetic and could manufacture their own energy. 
C)  They are primitive eukaryotes that never evolved this organelle. 
D)  They are prokaryotes like bacteria and thus lack nuclei and organelles. 
E)  They rely on a host organism for energy.

Question 18

Mosquitoes have developed resistance to most pesticides.Biologists have discovered that _______ and _______ can kill malaria-causing mosquitoes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ganoderma applanatum;Penicillium camembertii 
B)  Aspergillus tamari;Glomus mosseae 
C)  Beauveria bassiana;Metarhizium anisopliae 
D)  Aspergillus oryzae;Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
E)  Arthrobotrys dactyloides;Phyllactinia guttata 
A)  Ganoderma applanatum;Penicillium camembertii 
B)  Aspergillus tamari;Glomus mosseae 
C)  Beauveria bassiana;Metarhizium anisopliae 
D)  Aspergillus oryzae;Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
E)  Arthrobotrys dactyloides;Phyllactinia guttata

Question 19

Which substance is the favored source of carbon for saprobic fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sugars 
B)  Carbon dioxide 
C)  Chitin 
D)  Calcium carbonate 
E)  Cellulose 
A)  Sugars 
B)  Carbon dioxide 
C)  Chitin 
D)  Calcium carbonate 
E)  Cellulose

Question 20

Which condition is not likely to promote mutualistic relationships between plants and fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nutrient-poor soil 
B)  A lack of chlorophyll in the plants 
C)  High levels of herbivory 
D)  Low water levels 
E)  Too much sunlight 
A)  Nutrient-poor soil 
B)  A lack of chlorophyll in the plants 
C)  High levels of herbivory 
D)  Low water levels 
E)  Too much sunlight

Exam 22: The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Which statement about the economic usefulness of fungi is false?

Which statement about lichens is false?

Baker's yeast is one species of the

The cell walls of fungal hyphae contain the polysaccharide

Which of the following groups of fungi has the common name club fungi,has complete cross-walls,and includes puffballs,mushrooms,wheat rust,and smut fungi?

Fungi play important roles in the fermentation of many different human foods.Which of the following is not one of these foods?

Which of the following groups of fungi reproduces asexually (no evidence yet of sexual reproduction)?

The algal partner in a lichen symbiosis is responsible primarily for

Assume that one haploid nucleus of a fungus with a dikaryotic life cycle contains 16 chromosomes.How many chromosomes would the zygote contain?

Which of the following groups of fungi has perforated cross-walls and is found in terrestrial,marine,and freshwater habitats?

The names of fungal groups are based on structures associated with

Assume that one haploid nucleus of a fungus with a dikaryotic life cycle contains 16 chromosomes.How many chromosomes would be present in the nuclei of a monokaryotic mycelium resulting from spore germination?

One adaptation that fungi have for absorptive nutrition,in which nutrients are absorbed across the cell surfaces,is

Which statement about how fungi obtain nitrogen is false?

What feature of the chytrids suggests that the fungi had an aquatic ancestor?

Plants with active mycorrhizae

Which evolutionary hypothesis best explains why microsporidia lack mitochondria?

Mosquitoes have developed resistance to most pesticides.Biologists have discovered that _______ and _______ can kill malaria-causing mosquitoes.

Which substance is the favored source of carbon for saprobic fungi?

Which condition is not likely to promote mutualistic relationships between plants and fungi?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Mosquitoes have developed resistance to most pesticides.Biologists have discovered that _ and _ can kill malaria-causing mosquitoes.