Question 1

The Benedict-Atwater whole body calorimeter

Accepted Answer

A)  Determined the energy content of human wastes 
B)  Established that humans obey the Second Law of Thermodynamics 
C)  Allowed determination of the energy equivalence of chem ical and mechanical work 
D)  Gave data that allowed calculation of the Atwater factors 
E)  Gave a value for the conversion of calories to joules 
A)  Determined the energy content of human wastes 
B)  Established that humans obey the Second Law of Thermodynamics 
C)  Allowed determination of the energy equivalence of chem ical and mechanical work 
D)  Gave data that allowed calculation of the Atwater factors 
E)  Gave a value for the conversion of calories to joules B

Question 2

Neurons whose firing rate increases when [glucose] falls are called

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose-sensitive neurons 
B)  Glucose-responsive neurons 
C)  Glucostat neurons 
D)  Involved in initiating feeding behavior 
E)  Sensitive to glucagon 
A)  Glucose-sensitive neurons 
B)  Glucose-responsive neurons 
C)  Glucostat neurons 
D)  Involved in initiating feeding behavior 
E)  Sensitive to glucagon A

Question 3

Estimation of protein catabolism by urinary nitrogen relies on the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein used for energy does not produce CO2 
B)  The main excretion of nitrogen is through the am monia in exhaled air 
C)  The nitrogen content of proteins is almost uniformly 16% 
D)  Only the liver makes am monium 
E)  Only the liver makes urea 
A)  Protein used for energy does not produce CO2 
B)  The main excretion of nitrogen is through the am monia in exhaled air 
C)  The nitrogen content of proteins is almost uniformly 16% 
D)  Only the liver makes am monium 
E)  Only the liver makes urea C

Question 4

Integration of signals for feeding behavior occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothalamus 
B)  Superior colliculus 
C)  Pons 
D)  Medulla 
E)  Cerebrum 
A)  Hypothalamus 
B)  Superior colliculus 
C)  Pons 
D)  Medulla 
E)  Cerebrum

Question 5

The Atwater factor for carbohydrate is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1 
A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1

Question 6

The “satiety center” is given its name because

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation of the area in experimental animals inhibits feeding 
B)  Electrolytic destruction or ablation of the area in experimental animals inhibits feeding 
C)  This area is active when a person is hungry 
D)  The area produces signals that cause a person to eat 
E)  Food intake increases when the area is active 
A)  Stimulation of the area in experimental animals inhibits feeding 
B)  Electrolytic destruction or ablation of the area in experimental animals inhibits feeding 
C)  This area is active when a person is hungry 
D)  The area produces signals that cause a person to eat 
E)  Food intake increases when the area is active

Question 7

Neurons whose firing rate increases when [glucose] rises are called

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose-sensitive neurons 
B)  Glucose-responsive neurons 
C)  Glucostat neurons 
D)  Involved in initiating feeding behavior 
E)  Sensitive to glucagon 
A)  Glucose-sensitive neurons 
B)  Glucose-responsive neurons 
C)  Glucostat neurons 
D)  Involved in initiating feeding behavior 
E)  Sensitive to glucagon

Question 8

The Atwater factor for fat is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1 
A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1

Question 9

Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  Activates the satiety center 
B)  Causes feeding 
C)  Gives the subjective feeling of fullness 
D)  Increases the desire for salty foods 
E)  Causes excessive alcohol intake 
A)  Activates the satiety center 
B)  Causes feeding 
C)  Gives the subjective feeling of fullness 
D)  Increases the desire for salty foods 
E)  Causes excessive alcohol intake

Question 10

The basal metabolic rate, BMR, is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  The metabolic rate while the person is resting, fasting and awake 
B)  The overall average metabolism during the course of a day 
C)  The total metabolism averaged over a year, expressed per day 
D)  Metabolic rate during light exercise 
E)  The metabolic rate during sleep 
A)  The metabolic rate while the person is resting, fasting and awake 
B)  The overall average metabolism during the course of a day 
C)  The total metabolism averaged over a year, expressed per day 
D)  Metabolic rate during light exercise 
E)  The metabolic rate during sleep

Question 11

The Atwater factor for alcohol is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1 
A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1

Question 12

The Atwater factor for protein is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1 
A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  5.6 kcal g-1 
C)  7.0 kcal g-1 
D)  9.0 kcal g-1 
E)  9.4 kcal g-1

Question 13

The “energy equivalent” of O2 is about

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  9 kcal g-1 
C)  7 kcal g-1 
D)  5 kcal L-1 
E)  1 L g-1 
A)  4 kcal g-1 
B)  9 kcal g-1 
C)  7 kcal g-1 
D)  5 kcal L-1 
E)  1 L g-1

Question 14

Adiposity signals include

Accepted Answer

A)  Ghrelin 
B)  Leptin 
C)  Glucose 
D)  CCK 
E)  Gut distension 
A)  Ghrelin 
B)  Leptin 
C)  Glucose 
D)  CCK 
E)  Gut distension

Question 15

The Atwater factors convert

Accepted Answer

A)  Mass of macronutrient to metabolic energy 
B)  Liters of oxygen to metabolic energy 
C)  Mass of macronutrient to liters of oxgyen consumed 
D)  Mass of macronutrient to mass of body 
E)  Mass of body component to metabolic energy 
A)  Mass of macronutrient to metabolic energy 
B)  Liters of oxygen to metabolic energy 
C)  Mass of macronutrient to liters of oxgyen consumed 
D)  Mass of macronutrient to mass of body 
E)  Mass of body component to metabolic energy

Question 16

CCK

Accepted Answer

A)  Signals body adiposity sign 
B)  Signals short-term satiety 
C)  Release is caused by gastric distension 
D)  Is released mainly by endocrine cells in the stomach 
E)  Increases HCO3-1secretion from pancreatic duct cells 
A)  Signals body adiposity sign 
B)  Signals short-term satiety 
C)  Release is caused by gastric distension 
D)  Is released mainly by endocrine cells in the stomach 
E)  Increases HCO3-1secretion from pancreatic duct cells

Question 17

The most important determinant of BMR is

Accepted Answer

A)  Body weight 
B)  Body adiposity 
C)  Height 
D)  Surface area 
E)  Gender 
A)  Body weight 
B)  Body adiposity 
C)  Height 
D)  Surface area 
E)  Gender

Question 18

The “satiety center” is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventromedial hypothalamus 
B)  Lateral hypothalamus 
C)  Supra-optic nucleus 
D)  Paraventricular nucleus 
E)  Superchiasmatic nucleus 
A)  Ventromedial hypothalamus 
B)  Lateral hypothalamus 
C)  Supra-optic nucleus 
D)  Paraventricular nucleus 
E)  Superchiasmatic nucleus

Question 19

The “feeding center” is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventromedial hypothalamus 
B)  Lateral hypothalamus 
C)  Supra-optic nucleus 
D)  Paraventricular nucleus 
E)  Superchiasmatic nucleus 
A)  Ventromedial hypothalamus 
B)  Lateral hypothalamus 
C)  Supra-optic nucleus 
D)  Paraventricular nucleus 
E)  Superchiasmatic nucleus

Question 20

Indirect calorimetry refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  The determination of heat exchange by measuring the temperature differences in the room 
B)  The determination of heat exchange by measuring the mechanical work performed 
C)  Estimation of energy consumption by motion analysis 
D)  Estimation of energy consumption or production from O2 consumption and CO2 production 
E)  Estimation of energy consumption by allometric formulae 
A)  The determination of heat exchange by measuring the temperature differences in the room 
B)  The determination of heat exchange by measuring the mechanical work performed 
C)  Estimation of energy consumption by motion analysis 
D)  Estimation of energy consumption or production from O2 consumption and CO2 production 
E)  Estimation of energy consumption by allometric formulae

Exam 60: Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

The Benedict-Atwater whole body calorimeter

Neurons whose firing rate increases when [glucose] falls are called

Estimation of protein catabolism by urinary nitrogen relies on the fact that

Integration of signals for feeding behavior occurs in the

The Atwater factor for carbohydrate is

The “satiety center” is given its name because

Neurons whose firing rate increases when [glucose] rises are called

The Atwater factor for fat is

Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

The basal metabolic rate, BMR, is defined as

The Atwater factor for alcohol is

The Atwater factor for protein is

The “energy equivalent” of O2 is about

Adiposity signals include

The Atwater factors convert

CCK

The most important determinant of BMR is

The “satiety center” is located in the

The “feeding center” is located in the

Indirect calorimetry refers to

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

Vision

Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

the Cardiac Function Curve

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

Mouth and Esophagus

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients