Question 1

The thiokinase reaction that begins beta oxidation

Accepted Answer

A)  Consumes the equivalent of 2 ATP 
B)  Requires thiamine 
C)  Requires Coenzyme A 
D)  Makes fatty acyl carnitine 
E)  Both A and C are correct 
A)  Consumes the equivalent of 2 ATP 
B)  Requires thiamine 
C)  Requires Coenzyme A 
D)  Makes fatty acyl carnitine 
E)  Both A and C are correct E

Question 2

One of the ketone bodies is

Accepted Answer

A)  Dihdryoxyacetone phosphate 
B)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  $\beta$-hydroxy butyric acid 
D)  Diphosphoglyceric acid 
E)  Glycerol 
A)  Dihdryoxyacetone phosphate 
B)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  $\beta$-hydroxy butyric acid 
D)  Diphosphoglyceric acid 
E)  Glycerol C

Question 3

The urea cycle

Accepted Answer

A)  Is used by the liver to make urea from ammonia 
B)  Condenses am monia with bicarbonate to make carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  Uses aspartic acid to make arginosuccinate 
D)  Has citrulline as an intermediate 
E)  All of the above are true 
A)  Is used by the liver to make urea from ammonia 
B)  Condenses am monia with bicarbonate to make carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  Uses aspartic acid to make arginosuccinate 
D)  Has citrulline as an intermediate 
E)  All of the above are true E

Question 4

Not counting the energy produced by the oxidation of acetyl CoA , or the energy used to prime the cycle, each turn of the beta oxidation cycle produces

Accepted Answer

A)  0 ATP 
B)  2 ATP 
C)  3 ATP 
D)  5 ATP 
E)  6 ATP 
A)  0 ATP 
B)  2 ATP 
C)  3 ATP 
D)  5 ATP 
E)  6 ATP

Question 5

Each turn of the beta oxidation cycle releases one acetyl CoA. Stearic acid is an 18 carbon saturated fatty acid. How m any turns of the beta cycle are necessary to completely convert stearic acid into
acetyl CoA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  18 
B)  17 
C)  9 
D)  8 
E)  7 
A)  18 
B)  17 
C)  9 
D)  8 
E)  7

Question 6

Fatty acids are transported into m itochondria

Accepted Answer

A)  As fatty acyl CoA 
B)  As free fatty acids 
C)  As monoglycerides 
D)  As diglyceride 
E)  As fatty acyl carnitine 
A)  As fatty acyl CoA 
B)  As free fatty acids 
C)  As monoglycerides 
D)  As diglyceride 
E)  As fatty acyl carnitine

Question 7

W hich of the following is NOT a ketone body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetone 
B)  $\beta$ hydroxybutyric acid 
C)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
D)  Acetoacetic acid 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Acetone 
B)  $\beta$ hydroxybutyric acid 
C)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
D)  Acetoacetic acid 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Of the following, the only exclusively ketogenic am ino acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucine 
B)  Alanine 
C)  Glycine 
D)  Tryptophan 
E)  Histidine 
A)  Leucine 
B)  Alanine 
C)  Glycine 
D)  Tryptophan 
E)  Histidine

Question 9

Triglycerides contain

Accepted Answer

A)  Three fatty acids 
B)  Choline 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  Phosphate 
E)  A and C are correct 
A)  Three fatty acids 
B)  Choline 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  Phosphate 
E)  A and C are correct

Question 10

Which of the following amino acids are exclusively glucogenic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucine 
B)  Isoleucine 
C)  Tryptophan 
D)  Threonine 
E)  Alanine 
A)  Leucine 
B)  Isoleucine 
C)  Tryptophan 
D)  Threonine 
E)  Alanine

Question 11

Glycerol enters glycolysis by being converted to

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
C)  Fructose 1,6 biphosphate 
D)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
E)  Lactic acid 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
C)  Fructose 1,6 biphosphate 
D)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
E)  Lactic acid

Question 12

Each acetyl CoA molecule released from a turn of the beta oxidation cycle enters the TCA cycle and eventually produces the equivalent of how many ATP m olecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  15 
C)  9 
D)  11 
E)  14 
A)  12 
B)  15 
C)  9 
D)  11 
E)  14

Question 13

Ketogenic amino acids can be converted to

Accepted Answer

A)  $\alpha$ keto glutaric acid 
B)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
C)  Glucose 
D)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
E)  Acetyl CoA 
A)  $\alpha$ keto glutaric acid 
B)  Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 
C)  Glucose 
D)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
E)  Acetyl CoA

Question 14

The ketone bodies all derive from

Accepted Answer

A)  Dihdryoxyacetone phosphate 
B)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  Acetyl CoA 
D)  Diphosphoglyceric acid 
E)  Glycerol 
A)  Dihdryoxyacetone phosphate 
B)  Phosphoenolpyruvate 
C)  Acetyl CoA 
D)  Diphosphoglyceric acid 
E)  Glycerol

Question 15

The only exclusively ketogenic amino acids are

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucine and lysine 
B)  Leucine and isoleucine 
C)  Tryptophan and phenylalanine 
D)  Serine and threonine 
E)  Aspartic and glutamic acids 
A)  Leucine and lysine 
B)  Leucine and isoleucine 
C)  Tryptophan and phenylalanine 
D)  Serine and threonine 
E)  Aspartic and glutamic acids

Exam 16: Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

The thiokinase reaction that begins beta oxidation

One of the ketone bodies is

The urea cycle

Not counting the energy produced by the oxidation of acetyl CoA , or the energy used to prime the cycle, each turn of the beta oxidation cycle produces

Each turn of the beta oxidation cycle releases one acetyl CoA. Stearic acid is an 18 carbon saturated fatty acid. How m any turns of the beta cycle are necessary to completely convert stearic acid into acetyl CoA molecules?

Fatty acids are transported into m itochondria

W hich of the following is NOT a ketone body?

Of the following, the only exclusively ketogenic am ino acid is

Triglycerides contain

Which of the following amino acids are exclusively glucogenic?

Glycerol enters glycolysis by being converted to

Each acetyl CoA molecule released from a turn of the beta oxidation cycle enters the TCA cycle and eventually produces the equivalent of how many ATP m olecules?

Ketogenic amino acids can be converted to

The ketone bodies all derive from

The only exclusively ketogenic amino acids are

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

Vision

Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

the Cardiac Function Curve

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

Mouth and Esophagus

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients

Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

General Principles of Endocrinology

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Endocrine Pancreas

The Adrenal Cortex