Question 1

W hich of the following elements is used as a physiologically active com ponent of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cd 
B)  Hg 
C)  Os 
D)  I 
E)  Te 
A)  Cd 
B)  Hg 
C)  Os 
D)  I 
E)  Te D

Question 2

Which of the following elements has no known use in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl 
B)  I 
C)  Mo 
D)  Zn 
E)  Ga 
A)  Cl 
B)  I 
C)  Mo 
D)  Zn 
E)  Ga E

Question 3

Which of the following pairs of com pounds is an example of optical isomerism :

Accepted Answer

A) Oleic acid and eladic acid 
B)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihyroxyacetone phosphate 
C)  D-glucose and fructose 
D)  D-alanine and L-alanine 
E) Propanol and isopropano 
A) Oleic acid and eladic acid 
B)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihyroxyacetone phosphate 
C)  D-glucose and fructose 
D)  D-alanine and L-alanine 
E) Propanol and isopropano D

Question 4

C-C double bonds resist rotation about their C-C axis because

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotation breaks the overlap of the pi orbitals which forms part of the double bond 
B)  The substituted groups sterically hinder each other 
C)  The double bond soaks up thermal energy 
D)  This isn't true: double C-C bonds rotate nearly as freely as single C-C bonds 
E)  Their configuration is locked by multiple sigma bonds formed between the two carbons 
A)  Rotation breaks the overlap of the pi orbitals which forms part of the double bond 
B)  The substituted groups sterically hinder each other 
C)  The double bond soaks up thermal energy 
D)  This isn't true: double C-C bonds rotate nearly as freely as single C-C bonds 
E)  Their configuration is locked by multiple sigma bonds formed between the two carbons

Question 5

Attractive forces between molecules include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen bonding 
B)  Dipole-dipole interaction 
C)  London dispersion forces 
D)  Coulombic attraction from ionized groups 
E)  Intermolecular electronic orbitals 
A)  Hydrogen bonding 
B)  Dipole-dipole interaction 
C)  London dispersion forces 
D)  Coulombic attraction from ionized groups 
E)  Intermolecular electronic orbitals

Question 6

Hydrogen bonds are usually about

Accepted Answer

A)  The sam e strength as a C-C bond 
B)  0.2 - 0.5 times the strength of a C-C bond 
C)  0.02-0.1 times the strength of a C-C bond 
D)  Less than 0.02 times the strength of a C-C bond 
E)  0.5-0.7 times the strength of a C-C bond 
A)  The sam e strength as a C-C bond 
B)  0.2 - 0.5 times the strength of a C-C bond 
C)  0.02-0.1 times the strength of a C-C bond 
D)  Less than 0.02 times the strength of a C-C bond 
E)  0.5-0.7 times the strength of a C-C bond

Question 7

Which of the following elements is NOT used as a cofactor in enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mn 
B)  Zn 
C)  Cu 
D)  Se 
E)  Ti 
A)  Mn 
B)  Zn 
C)  Cu 
D)  Se 
E)  Ti

Question 8

Electronegativity

Accepted Answer

A)  Is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons 
B)  Is based on a relative scale with oxygen as the m ost electronegative 
C)  Differences must be small to generate ionic solutes 
D)  Differences must be small to generate polar bonds 
E)  Is irrelevant to bond type 
A)  Is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons 
B)  Is based on a relative scale with oxygen as the m ost electronegative 
C)  Differences must be small to generate ionic solutes 
D)  Differences must be small to generate polar bonds 
E)  Is irrelevant to bond type

Question 9

Polar bonds occur between atoms

Accepted Answer

A)  with about the same electronegativity 
B)  with the greatest difference in electronegativity 
C)  with intermediate differences in electronegativity 
D)  displaying only sp3 hybridization for molecular orbitals 
E)  displaying only sp2 hybridization for molecular orbitals 
A)  with about the same electronegativity 
B)  with the greatest difference in electronegativity 
C)  with intermediate differences in electronegativity 
D)  displaying only sp3 hybridization for molecular orbitals 
E)  displaying only sp2 hybridization for molecular orbitals

Question 10

Atom s with the greatest difference in electronegativity

Accepted Answer

A)  Form non-polar covalent bonds 
B)  Form polar covalent bonds 
C)  Form ionic bonds 
D)  Don't bond together 
E)  Form hydrogen bonds 
A)  Form non-polar covalent bonds 
B)  Form polar covalent bonds 
C)  Form ionic bonds 
D)  Don't bond together 
E)  Form hydrogen bonds

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of chemical bonds

Accepted Answer

A)  Bond leng ths and ang les a re fixe d an d rig id 
B)  Bond lengths are typically about 0.1-0.2 nm 
C)  Bond energies range from about 200 to 460 kj mol-1 
D)  Bond lengths are shorter in double bonds than single bonds 
E)  Bond energy is expressed as enthalpy differences 
A)  Bond leng ths and ang les a re fixe d an d rig id 
B)  Bond lengths are typically about 0.1-0.2 nm 
C)  Bond energies range from about 200 to 460 kj mol-1 
D)  Bond lengths are shorter in double bonds than single bonds 
E)  Bond energy is expressed as enthalpy differences

Question 12

London dispersion forces

Accepted Answer

A) Refer to attraction of molecules due to permanent dipoles 
B)  Are long-range forces produced by ionic charge separation 
C)  Are short-range forces caused by synchronized induced dipoles 
D)  Are short-range forces caused by shielded coulombic attraction 
E)  Were used to protect the citizens of England in World War II 
A) Refer to attraction of molecules due to permanent dipoles 
B)  Are long-range forces produced by ionic charge separation 
C)  Are short-range forces caused by synchronized induced dipoles 
D)  Are short-range forces caused by shielded coulombic attraction 
E)  Were used to protect the citizens of England in World War II

Question 13

In an electric field

Accepted Answer

A)  permanent dipoles will experience a torque attempting to align them with the field 
B)  Dipole mom ent is reduced 
C)  Permanent dipole moments are created 
D)  Dipole-dipole interactions are masked 
E)   A dipole can be induced proportional to the square of the electric field intensity 
A)  permanent dipoles will experience a torque attempting to align them with the field 
B)  Dipole mom ent is reduced 
C)  Permanent dipole moments are created 
D)  Dipole-dipole interactions are masked 
E)   A dipole can be induced proportional to the square of the electric field intensity

Question 14

Structural isom ers differ in

Accepted Answer

A)  The elemental composition of the compounds 
B)  The arrangement of atoms around a double bond 
C)  The connectivity of atoms - which atoms are bonded to which 
D)  They are mirror images of each other 
E)  They have widely different bond energies 
A)  The elemental composition of the compounds 
B)  The arrangement of atoms around a double bond 
C)  The connectivity of atoms - which atoms are bonded to which 
D)  They are mirror images of each other 
E)  They have widely different bond energies

Question 15

Hydrogen bonds can occur between the following pairs of atoms

Accepted Answer

A)  O and O 
B)  N and C 
C)  O and C 
D)  N and S 
E)  None of the above 
A)  O and O 
B)  N and C 
C)  O and C 
D)  N and S 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

Two chemicals showing cis-trans isomerism differ in

Accepted Answer

A)  The elemental composition of the compounds 
B)  The arrangement of atoms around a double bond 
C)  The connectivity of atoms - which atoms are bonded to which 
D)  They are mirror images of each other 
E)  Having widely different bond energies 
A)  The elemental composition of the compounds 
B)  The arrangement of atoms around a double bond 
C)  The connectivity of atoms - which atoms are bonded to which 
D)  They are mirror images of each other 
E)  Having widely different bond energies

Exam 2: Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

W hich of the following elements is used as a physiologically active com ponent of the body?

Which of the following elements has no known use in the body?

Which of the following pairs of com pounds is an example of optical isomerism :

C-C double bonds resist rotation about their C-C axis because

Attractive forces between molecules include all of the following EXCEPT

Hydrogen bonds are usually about

Which of the following elements is NOT used as a cofactor in enzymes?

Electronegativity

Polar bonds occur between atoms

Atom s with the greatest difference in electronegativity

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of chemical bonds

London dispersion forces

In an electric field

Structural isom ers differ in

Hydrogen bonds can occur between the following pairs of atoms

Two chemicals showing cis-trans isomerism differ in

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

Vision

Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

the Cardiac Function Curve

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

Mouth and Esophagus

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients

Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

General Principles of Endocrinology

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Endocrine Pancreas