Question 1

The preload of the heart is the

Accepted Answer

A)  End systolic volume 
B)  End diastolic volume 
C)  Central venous pressure 
D)  Aortic pressure 
E)  Pulmonary arterial pressure 
A)  End systolic volume 
B)  End diastolic volume 
C)  Central venous pressure 
D)  Aortic pressure 
E)  Pulmonary arterial pressure C

Question 2

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-Which line segment in the PV loop in Fig. 1 represents isovolumetric relaxation?

Accepted Answer

A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  DE 
E)  EA 
A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  DE 
E)  EA E

Question 3

The ejection fraction of the heart can be calculated as

Accepted Answer

A)  ESV - EDV 
B)  EDV - ESV 
C)  1 - ESV / EDV 
D)  SV / ESV 
E)  SV x HR 
A)  ESV - EDV 
B)  EDV - ESV 
C)  1 - ESV / EDV 
D)  SV / ESV 
E)  SV x HR C

Question 4

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-Which point on the PV loop in Fig. 1. corresponds to the opening of the aortic valve?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 5

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-Which point on the PV loop in Fig. 1 corresponds to the closing of the aortic valve?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 6

The greatest contribution to the total energy of flowing blood is its

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravitational potential energy 
B)  Kinetic energy 
C)  PV energy 
D)  Momentum 
E)  Equivalent pressure 
A)  Gravitational potential energy 
B)  Kinetic energy 
C)  PV energy 
D)  Momentum 
E)  Equivalent pressure

Question 7

The variable that most greatly affects cardiac contractility is

Accepted Answer

A)  The preload 
B)  The afterload 
C)  Cardiac stretch 
D)  Sympathetic tone 
E)  Both A and C 
A)  The preload 
B)  The afterload 
C)  Cardiac stretch 
D)  Sympathetic tone 
E)  Both A and C

Question 8

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-The stoke volume for the heart whose PV diagram is shown in Fig. 1 is the volume difference between

Accepted Answer

A)  D and E 
B)  E and A 
C)  B and A 
D)  C and D 
E)  B and C 
A)  D and E 
B)  E and A 
C)  B and A 
D)  C and D 
E)  B and C

Question 9

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-Which line segment in the PV diagram in Fig. 1 corresponds to ejection of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  CE 
E)  EA 
A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  CE 
E)  EA

Question 10

Increasing preload by itself does all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Increases stroke volume 
B)  Increases strength of contraction 
C)  Stretches the heart 
D)  Increases cardiac work 
E)  Decreases heart rate 
A)  Increases stroke volume 
B)  Increases strength of contraction 
C)  Stretches the heart 
D)  Increases cardiac work 
E)  Decreases heart rate

Question 11

Answer the following questions using the figure below  
-Which line segment in the PV loop (Fig. 1) corresponds to isovolumetric contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  DE 
E)  EA 
A)  AB 
B)  BC 
C)  CD 
D)  DE 
E)  EA

Question 12

W hich of the following is NOT an effect of hypertension ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed opening of the aortic valve 
B)  Increased work of the heart 
C)  Increased stroke volume for a given preload 
D)  Given a stroke volume, an increase in the preload 
E)  Given a cardiac output, an increase in the preload 
A)  Delayed opening of the aortic valve 
B)  Increased work of the heart 
C)  Increased stroke volume for a given preload 
D)  Given a stroke volume, an increase in the preload 
E)  Given a cardiac output, an increase in the preload

Question 13

The afterload of the heart is the

Accepted Answer

A)  End systolic volume 
B)  End diastolic volume 
C)  Central venous pressure 
D)  Aortic pressure 
E)  Pulmonary venous pressure 
A)  End systolic volume 
B)  End diastolic volume 
C)  Central venous pressure 
D)  Aortic pressure 
E)  Pulmonary venous pressure

Question 14

The strength of the heart’s contraction is increased by

Accepted Answer

A)  Stretch 
B)  Afterload 
C)  Sympathetic stimulation 
D)  Parasympathetic stimulation 
E)  Both A and C are correct 
A)  Stretch 
B)  Afterload 
C)  Sympathetic stimulation 
D)  Parasympathetic stimulation 
E)  Both A and C are correct

Question 15

W hen an artery is severed by a cut to skin and blood spurts upward, there is a conversion of

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy 
B)  PV energy to gravitational potential energy 
C)  Equivalent pressure to hydraulic pressure 
D)  Momentum to gravitational energy 
E)  Inertial force to gravitational force 
A)  Gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy 
B)  PV energy to gravitational potential energy 
C)  Equivalent pressure to hydraulic pressure 
D)  Momentum to gravitational energy 
E)  Inertial force to gravitational force

Question 16

The Frank-Starling Law of the Heart states that

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing afterload increases the strength of contraction 
B)  The heart operates on the ascending limb of the length-tension curve 
C)  Increasing preload increases end systolic volume 
D)  Increasing preload increases the stroke volume of both ventricles 
E)  Increasing preload increases end diastolic volume 
A)  Increasing afterload increases the strength of contraction 
B)  The heart operates on the ascending limb of the length-tension curve 
C)  Increasing preload increases end systolic volume 
D)  Increasing preload increases the stroke volume of both ventricles 
E)  Increasing preload increases end diastolic volume

Exam 39: the Cardiac Function Curve

The preload of the heart is the

Answer the following questions using the figure below -Which line segment in the PV loop in Fig. 1 represents isovolumetric relaxation?

The ejection fraction of the heart can be calculated as

Answer the following questions using the figure below -Which point on the PV loop in Fig. 1. corresponds to the opening of the aortic valve?

Answer the following questions using the figure below -Which point on the PV loop in Fig. 1 corresponds to the closing of the aortic valve?

The greatest contribution to the total energy of flowing blood is its

The variable that most greatly affects cardiac contractility is

Answer the following questions using the figure below -The stoke volume for the heart whose PV diagram is shown in Fig. 1 is the volume difference between

Answer the following questions using the figure below -Which line segment in the PV diagram in Fig. 1 corresponds to ejection of blood?

Increasing preload by itself does all of the following EXCEPT

Answer the following questions using the figure below -Which line segment in the PV loop (Fig. 1) corresponds to isovolumetric contraction?

W hich of the following is NOT an effect of hypertension ?

The afterload of the heart is the

The strength of the heart’s contraction is increased by

W hen an artery is severed by a cut to skin and blood spurts upward, there is a conversion of

The Frank-Starling Law of the Heart states that

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

Vision

Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

Mouth and Esophagus

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients

Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

General Principles of Endocrinology

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Endocrine Pancreas