Question 1

W hich of the following does NOT increase nutrient delivery to the tissues

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing the surface area, S 
B)  Increasing the perm eability, p 
C)  Decreasing the diffusion distance, $\delta$ 
D)  Decreasing the flow, QV 
E)  Decreasing the interstitial fluid concentration, Ci 
A)  Increasing the surface area, S 
B)  Increasing the perm eability, p 
C)  Decreasing the diffusion distance, $\delta$ 
D)  Decreasing the flow, QV 
E)  Decreasing the interstitial fluid concentration, Ci D

Question 2

Continuous capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscles 
B)  Liver 
C)  Intestines 
D)  Bone marrow 
E)  Spleen 
A)  Muscles 
B)  Liver 
C)  Intestines 
D)  Bone marrow 
E)  Spleen A

Question 3

Unidirectional flow through the lymph circulation is assured by the

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle pumps 
B)  Pressure gradients 
C)  Valves in the lymph vessels 
D)  Gravity 
E)  Movement of lymphocytes 
A)  Muscle pumps 
B)  Pressure gradients 
C)  Valves in the lymph vessels 
D)  Gravity 
E)  Movement of lymphocytes C

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT participate in the determination of the concentration of a metabolite in the interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  The permeability of the solute through the capillary wall 
B)  The flow of fluid through the capillaries perfusing the tissue 
C)  The rate of production or consumption of the m etabolite 
D)  The surface area of the capillary wall 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The permeability of the solute through the capillary wall 
B)  The flow of fluid through the capillaries perfusing the tissue 
C)  The rate of production or consumption of the m etabolite 
D)  The surface area of the capillary wall 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Daily lymph flow should be increased by

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased central venous pressure 
B)  Decreased arterial pressure 
C)  Increased ECF volume 
D)  Increased plasma protein concentration 
E)  Both A and C are correct 
A)  Increased central venous pressure 
B)  Decreased arterial pressure 
C)  Increased ECF volume 
D)  Increased plasma protein concentration 
E)  Both A and C are correct

Question 6

The cycling of open states among the arterioles that perfuse a tissue is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasoconstriction 
B)  Vasodilation 
C)  Vasectomy 
D)  Vaso-vaso syncope 
E)  Vasomotion 
A)  Vasoconstriction 
B)  Vasodilation 
C)  Vasectomy 
D)  Vaso-vaso syncope 
E)  Vasomotion

Question 7

Discontinuous capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain 
B)  Skin 
C)  Skeletal m uscle 
D)  Cornea 
E)  Bone marrow 
A)  Brain 
B)  Skin 
C)  Skeletal m uscle 
D)  Cornea 
E)  Bone marrow

Question 8

Flow-limited transfer refers to transfer that

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurs by bulk flow across the capillary 
B)  Increases nearly linearly with flow 
C)  Is limited by the concentration of solute 
D)  Occurs when the diffusion gradient is greatest 
E)  Occurs when flow is fastest 
A)  Occurs by bulk flow across the capillary 
B)  Increases nearly linearly with flow 
C)  Is limited by the concentration of solute 
D)  Occurs when the diffusion gradient is greatest 
E)  Occurs when flow is fastest

Question 9

The major force favoring fluid filtration from the capillaries into the interstitial fluid is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Capillary oncotic pressure 
C)  Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure 
E)  Filtration coefficient 
A)  Capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Capillary oncotic pressure 
C)  Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure 
E)  Filtration coefficient

Question 10

Diffusion-limited transfer refers to transfer that

Accepted Answer

A)  Occurs when the diffusion gradient is greatest and flow is greatest 
B)  Occurs then the diffusion gradient is greatest because flow is slow 
C)  Increases nearly linearly with flow 
D)  Occurs by bulk flow across the capillary 
E)  Occurs due to saturable transport mechanisms 
A)  Occurs when the diffusion gradient is greatest and flow is greatest 
B)  Occurs then the diffusion gradient is greatest because flow is slow 
C)  Increases nearly linearly with flow 
D)  Occurs by bulk flow across the capillary 
E)  Occurs due to saturable transport mechanisms

Question 11

Blockage of the lymph vessels causes

Accepted Answer

A)  Massive inflamm ation 
B)  Dehydration of the body due to lack of lymph return 
C)  Edema peripheral to the blockade 
D)  Edema proximal to the blockade 
E)  Congestive heart failure 
A)  Massive inflamm ation 
B)  Dehydration of the body due to lack of lymph return 
C)  Edema peripheral to the blockade 
D)  Edema proximal to the blockade 
E)  Congestive heart failure

Question 12

The major force opposing fluid filtration from the capillaries to the interstitial fluid is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Capillary oncotic pressure 
C)  Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure 
E)  Filtration coefficient 
A)  Capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Capillary oncotic pressure 
C)  Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Interstitial fluid oncotic pressure 
E)  Filtration coefficient

Question 13

The colloid osmotic pressure or oncotic pressure is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrostatic pressure in the colloid, of interstitial space 
B)  The osmotic pressure due to low-molecular weight solutes 
C)  The osmotic pressure due to the proteins in solution 
D)  The pressure due to the inertia of the fluid in the interstitial space 
E)  The drag of protein on the m ovem ent of fluid 
A)  Hydrostatic pressure in the colloid, of interstitial space 
B)  The osmotic pressure due to low-molecular weight solutes 
C)  The osmotic pressure due to the proteins in solution 
D)  The pressure due to the inertia of the fluid in the interstitial space 
E)  The drag of protein on the m ovem ent of fluid

Question 14

The lymphatics

Accepted Answer

A)  Are most prom inent in the brain 
B)  Mostly contain circulating plasm a cells 
C)  Contain most of the vitamins from food 
D)  Drain excess interstitial fluid from the tissues 
E)  Keep the venous pressures above arterial values 
A)  Are most prom inent in the brain 
B)  Mostly contain circulating plasm a cells 
C)  Contain most of the vitamins from food 
D)  Drain excess interstitial fluid from the tissues 
E)  Keep the venous pressures above arterial values

Question 15

Growing children subjected to low protein diets have lower levels of albumin in their blood. This should cause

Accepted Answer

A) . Septicem ia 
B)  Anem ia 
C)  Lactose intolerance 
D)  Edema 
E)  Filariasis 
A) . Septicem ia 
B)  Anem ia 
C)  Lactose intolerance 
D)  Edema 
E)  Filariasis

Question 16

Which of the following mechanisms are NOT used to transfer nutrients across capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive transport 
B)  Solvent drag by bulk flow 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Transcytosis 
E)  Diffusion 
A)  Passive transport 
B)  Solvent drag by bulk flow 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Transcytosis 
E)  Diffusion

Question 17

At very high flow rates, the concentration of a diffusable metabolite in the ISF

Accepted Answer

A)  Goes to zero 
B)  Approaches the arteriolar concentration of the metabolite 
C)  Approaches the cytosolic concentration of the m etabolite 
D)  Approaches a fraction (1-
E)  of the arteriolar concentration 
E)  Approaches the rate of metabolism of the metabolite, QM, divided by E 
A)  Goes to zero 
B)  Approaches the arteriolar concentration of the metabolite 
C)  Approaches the cytosolic concentration of the m etabolite 
D)  Approaches a fraction (1-
E)  of the arteriolar concentration 
E)  Approaches the rate of metabolism of the metabolite, QM, divided by E

Question 18

Fenestrated capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver 
B)  Muscles 
C)  Skin 
D)  Brain 
E)  Kidney 
A)  Liver 
B)  Muscles 
C)  Skin 
D)  Brain 
E)  Kidney

Exam 41: Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

W hich of the following does NOT increase nutrient delivery to the tissues

Continuous capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Unidirectional flow through the lymph circulation is assured by the

Which of the following does NOT participate in the determination of the concentration of a metabolite in the interstitial fluid?

Daily lymph flow should be increased by

The cycling of open states among the arterioles that perfuse a tissue is called

Discontinuous capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Flow-limited transfer refers to transfer that

The major force favoring fluid filtration from the capillaries into the interstitial fluid is the

Diffusion-limited transfer refers to transfer that

Blockage of the lymph vessels causes

The major force opposing fluid filtration from the capillaries to the interstitial fluid is the

The colloid osmotic pressure or oncotic pressure is the

The lymphatics

Growing children subjected to low protein diets have lower levels of albumin in their blood. This should cause

Which of the following mechanisms are NOT used to transfer nutrients across capillaries?

At very high flow rates, the concentration of a diffusable metabolite in the ISF

Fenestrated capillaries are most likely to be found in the

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

Vision

Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

the Cardiac Function Curve

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

Mouth and Esophagus

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients

Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

General Principles of Endocrinology

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland