Question 1

Where does the lens focus an image in the mammalian eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  sometimes on the fovea, sometimes elsewhere on the retina 
B)  primarily on the fovea 
C)  slightly in front of the retina, so the neural cells do not distort the image 
D)  on the retina, using the entire surface of the retina 
A)  sometimes on the fovea, sometimes elsewhere on the retina 
B)  primarily on the fovea 
C)  slightly in front of the retina, so the neural cells do not distort the image 
D)  on the retina, using the entire surface of the retina

Question 2

Match each situation to the most appropriate term.
-occurs in a postsynaptic membrane when ligand-gated Na+ channels open

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization

Question 3

Match each situation to the most appropriate term.
-an IPSP

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization

Question 4

Which of the following can the neurotransmitter acetylcholine do in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  act as a hormone when released into the circulation 
B)  make it more difficult for some presynaptic membranes to reach threshold 
C)  act as a direct neurotransmitter between neurons and muscle cells 
D)  act as an enzyme when released into circulation 
A)  act as a hormone when released into the circulation 
B)  make it more difficult for some presynaptic membranes to reach threshold 
C)  act as a direct neurotransmitter between neurons and muscle cells 
D)  act as an enzyme when released into circulation

Question 5

In the context of vision, what does accommodation mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing light from scattering upon entry to the eye 
B)  keeping the lens under tension to allow for image focusing 
C)  changing the lens shape 
D)  lacking receptor response to continued light signal 
A)  preventing light from scattering upon entry to the eye 
B)  keeping the lens under tension to allow for image focusing 
C)  changing the lens shape 
D)  lacking receptor response to continued light signal

Question 6

What is lost as a result of destruction of the motor areas in the right cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  voluntary movement on the left side of the body 
B)  involuntary control of the right side of the body 
C)  sensation on the right side of the body 
D)  sensation on the left side of the body 
A)  voluntary movement on the left side of the body 
B)  involuntary control of the right side of the body 
C)  sensation on the right side of the body 
D)  sensation on the left side of the body

Question 7

Match each situation to the most appropriate term.
-describes the change in resting membrane potential that causes it to approach threshold potential

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
A) depolarization 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization

Question 8

Match each term with its description.
-threshold potential

Accepted Answer

A) electrical potential difference across a plasma membrane 
B) subthreshold change in membrane potential toward the threshold potential of a neuron 
C) membrane potential of an excitable membrane when it is not being stimulated 
D) subthreshold change in membrane potential away from the threshold potential of a neuron 
E) abrupt, transient change in membrane potential, consisting of membrane depolarization followed by repolarization
F)minimum membrane potential required to form an action potential
G)any subthreshold change in membrane potential whose effects are additive 
A) electrical potential difference across a plasma membrane 
B) subthreshold change in membrane potential toward the threshold potential of a neuron 
C) membrane potential of an excitable membrane when it is not being stimulated 
D) subthreshold change in membrane potential away from the threshold potential of a neuron 
E) abrupt, transient change in membrane potential, consisting of membrane depolarization followed by repolarization
F)minimum membrane potential required to form an action potential
G)any subthreshold change in membrane potential whose effects are additive

Question 9

A network of blood vessels covers the surface of the retina through which light must pass to reach the rods and cones of the eye.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Figure 45-2  
-In the action potential diagram in Figure 45-2, at what point are many Na+ activation gates open and K+ activation gates closed?

Accepted Answer

A)  point A 
B)  point B 
C)  point C 
D)  point E 
A)  point A 
B)  point B 
C)  point C 
D)  point E

Question 11

Which of these structures comprise stretch receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi tendon organs 
B)  proprioceptors of tendons 
C)  muscle spindles 
D)  bony labyrinths 
A)  Golgi tendon organs 
B)  proprioceptors of tendons 
C)  muscle spindles 
D)  bony labyrinths

Question 12

Which of these animals has the least-advanced nerve cord?

Accepted Answer

A)  human 
B)  flatworm 
C)  arthropod 
D)  octopus 
A)  human 
B)  flatworm 
C)  arthropod 
D)  octopus

Question 13

Identify each lettered part of the vestibular apparatus shown.  
-stereocilia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each lettered part of the vestibular...

Exam 45: Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Where does the lens focus an image in the mammalian eye?

Match each situation to the most appropriate term. -occurs in a postsynaptic membrane when ligand-gated Na+ channels open

Match each situation to the most appropriate term. -an IPSP

Which of the following can the neurotransmitter acetylcholine do in vertebrates?

In the context of vision, what does accommodation mean?

What is lost as a result of destruction of the motor areas in the right cerebral cortex?

Match each situation to the most appropriate term. -describes the change in resting membrane potential that causes it to approach threshold potential

Match each term with its description. -threshold potential

A network of blood vessels covers the surface of the retina through which light must pass to reach the rods and cones of the eye.

Figure 45-2 -In the action potential diagram in Figure 45-2, at what point are many Na+ activation gates open and K+ activation gates closed?

Which of these structures comprise stretch receptors?

Which of these animals has the least-advanced nerve cord?

Identify each lettered part of the vestibular apparatus shown. -stereocilia

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

Match each situation to the most appropriate term. -occurs in a postsynaptic membrane when ligand-gated Na⁺ channels open

Figure 45-2 -In the action potential diagram in Figure 45-2, at what point are many Na⁺ activation gates open and K⁺ activation gates closed?