Question 1

Chromosomal abnormalities are the leading known cause of: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental illness 
B)  Mental retardation 
C)  Fetal miscarriage 
D)  Cardiovascular disease 
E)  Respiratory disorders 
A)  Mental illness 
B)  Mental retardation 
C)  Fetal miscarriage 
D)  Cardiovascular disease 
E)  Respiratory disorders B,C

Question 2

Which genetic disease has been linked to a mutation of the tumor-suppressor gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemochromatosis 
B)  Retinoblastoma 
C)  Familial breast cancer 
D)  Hemophilia A 
A)  Hemochromatosis 
B)  Retinoblastoma 
C)  Familial breast cancer 
D)  Hemophilia A B

Question 3

Which is an important criterion for discerning autosomal recessive inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Consanguinity is sometimes present. 
B)  Females are affected more than males. 
C)  The disease is observed in both the parents, as well as in the siblings. 
D)  On average, one half of the offspring of the carrier will be affected. 
A)  Consanguinity is sometimes present. 
B)  Females are affected more than males. 
C)  The disease is observed in both the parents, as well as in the siblings. 
D)  On average, one half of the offspring of the carrier will be affected. A

Question 4

An individual's genetic makeup is referred to as his or her:

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenotype 
B)  Genotype 
C)  Heterozygous locus 
D)  Homozygous locus 
A)  Phenotype 
B)  Genotype 
C)  Heterozygous locus 
D)  Homozygous locus

Question 5

A person with 47,XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turner 
B)  Klinefelter 
C)  Down 
D)  Fragile X 
A)  Turner 
B)  Klinefelter 
C)  Down 
D)  Fragile X

Question 6

What is the risk for the recurrence of autosomal dominant diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  30% 
C)  50% 
D)  70% 
A)  10% 
B)  30% 
C)  50% 
D)  70%

Question 7

Examples of prenatal diagnostic studies include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) 
B)  Amniocentesis 
C)  Carrier screening 
D)  Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PG
D)  
E)  Drug-sensitivity testing 
A)  Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) 
B)  Amniocentesis 
C)  Carrier screening 
D)  Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PG
D)  
E)  Drug-sensitivity testing

Question 8

What syndrome,characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome,exhibits features that include a short stature,widely spaced nipples,and webbed neck?

Accepted Answer

A)  Down 
B)  Cri du chat 
C)  Turner 
D)  Klinefelter 
A)  Down 
B)  Cri du chat 
C)  Turner 
D)  Klinefelter

Question 9

Match the genetic terms with the corresponding diseases.Terms may be used more than once.
-Huntington disease

Accepted Answer

A) Autosomal dominant 
B) Autosomal recessive 
C) X-linked dominant 
D) X-linked recessive 
A) Autosomal dominant 
B) Autosomal recessive 
C) X-linked dominant 
D) X-linked recessive

Question 10

An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chorionic 
B)  Alpha fetoprotein 
C)  Amniotic 
D)  Embryonic 
A)  Chorionic 
B)  Alpha fetoprotein 
C)  Amniotic 
D)  Embryonic

Question 11

A couple has two children diagnosed with an autosomal dominant genetic disease.What is the probability that the next child will have the same genetic disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  One sixth 
B)  One fourth 
C)  One third 
D)  One half 
A)  One sixth 
B)  One fourth 
C)  One third 
D)  One half

Question 12

What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous,having A and B alleles as codominant?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  O 
D)  AB 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  O 
D)  AB

Question 13

When a child inherits a disease that is autosomal recessive,it is inherited from:

Accepted Answer

A)  Father 
B)  Mother 
C)  Both parents 
D)  Grandparent 
A)  Father 
B)  Mother 
C)  Both parents 
D)  Grandparent

Question 14

The key to accurate DNA replication depends on which complementary base pairs? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenine with thymine 
B)  Adenine with guanine 
C)  Guanine with cytosine 
D)  Cytosine with thymine 
E)  Guanine with thymine 
A)  Adenine with thymine 
B)  Adenine with guanine 
C)  Guanine with cytosine 
D)  Cytosine with thymine 
E)  Guanine with thymine

Question 15

An amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women who:

Accepted Answer

A)  Have a history of chronic illness 
B)  Have a family history of genetic disorders 
C)  Have experienced in vitro fertilization 
D)  Had a late menarche 
A)  Have a history of chronic illness 
B)  Have a family history of genetic disorders 
C)  Have experienced in vitro fertilization 
D)  Had a late menarche

Question 16

Males,having only one X chromosome (as is expected),are said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Homozygous 
B)  Heterozygous 
C)  Hemizygous 
D)  Ambizygous 
A)  Homozygous 
B)  Heterozygous 
C)  Hemizygous 
D)  Ambizygous

Question 17

The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cri du chat 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Klinefelter syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome 
A)  Cri du chat 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Klinefelter syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome

Question 18

The term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or mitosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Aneuploidy 
B)  Nondisjunction 
C)  Polyploidy 
D)  Translocation 
A)  Aneuploidy 
B)  Nondisjunction 
C)  Polyploidy 
D)  Translocation

Question 19

DNA replication requires the enzyme DNA polymerase to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to the new strand 
B)  Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of the double helix 
C)  Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added to the strand 
D)  Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein formation 
A)  Travel along the single DNA strand, adding the correct nucleotide to the new strand 
B)  Move along the double strand of DNA to unwind the nucleotides of the double helix 
C)  Hold the double strand apart while the correct nucleotides are added to the strand 
D)  Transport the double strand of DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein formation

Question 20

An X-linked recessive disease can skip generations because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Females are hemizygous for the X chromosome. 
B)  The disease can be transmitted through female carriers. 
C)  Mothers cannot pass X-linked genes to their sons. 
D)  These diseases need only one copy of the gene in females. 
A)  Females are hemizygous for the X chromosome. 
B)  The disease can be transmitted through female carriers. 
C)  Mothers cannot pass X-linked genes to their sons. 
D)  These diseases need only one copy of the gene in females.

Exam 4: Genes and Genetic Diseases

Chromosomal abnormalities are the leading known cause of: (Select all that apply.)

Which genetic disease has been linked to a mutation of the tumor-suppressor gene?

Which is an important criterion for discerning autosomal recessive inheritance?

An individual's genetic makeup is referred to as his or her:

A person with 47,XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome?

What is the risk for the recurrence of autosomal dominant diseases?

Examples of prenatal diagnostic studies include: (Select all that apply.)

What syndrome,characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome,exhibits features that include a short stature,widely spaced nipples,and webbed neck?

Match the genetic terms with the corresponding diseases.Terms may be used more than once. -Huntington disease

An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?

A couple has two children diagnosed with an autosomal dominant genetic disease.What is the probability that the next child will have the same genetic disease?

What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous,having A and B alleles as codominant?

When a child inherits a disease that is autosomal recessive,it is inherited from:

The key to accurate DNA replication depends on which complementary base pairs? (Select all that apply.)

An amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women who:

Males,having only one X chromosome (as is expected),are said to be:

The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder?

The term for an error in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis or mitosis is:

DNA replication requires the enzyme DNA polymerase to:

An X-linked recessive disease can skip generations because:

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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