Question 1

What is the most common cause of vitamin K deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administration of warfarin (Coumadin) 
B)  Total parenteral nutrition with antibiotic therapy 
C)  An immunoglobulin G-mediated autoimmune disorder 
D)  Liver failure 
A)  Administration of warfarin (Coumadin) 
B)  Total parenteral nutrition with antibiotic therapy 
C)  An immunoglobulin G-mediated autoimmune disorder 
D)  Liver failure B

Question 2

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)is a(n)_____ condition in adults and a(n)_____ condition in children.

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute; acute 
B)  Chronic; chronic 
C)  Acute; chronic 
D)  Chronic; acute 
A)  Acute; acute 
B)  Chronic; chronic 
C)  Acute; chronic 
D)  Chronic; acute D

Question 3

Which term is used to describe a red-purple discoloration caused by diffuse hemorrhage into the skin tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Petechiae 
B)  Hematoma 
C)  Ecchymosis 
D)  Purpura 
A)  Petechiae 
B)  Hematoma 
C)  Ecchymosis 
D)  Purpura D

Question 4

Which statement best describes heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immunoglobulin G immune-mediated adverse drug reaction that reduces circulating platelets 
B)  Hematologic reaction to heparin in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient platelets to meet the body's needs 
C)  Immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic drug reaction that reduces circulating platelets 
D)  Cell-mediated drug reaction in which macrophages process the heparin and platelet complexes that are then destroyed by activated cytotoxic T cells. 
A)  Immunoglobulin G immune-mediated adverse drug reaction that reduces circulating platelets 
B)  Hematologic reaction to heparin in which the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient platelets to meet the body's needs 
C)  Immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic drug reaction that reduces circulating platelets 
D)  Cell-mediated drug reaction in which macrophages process the heparin and platelet complexes that are then destroyed by activated cytotoxic T cells.

Question 5

When the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply,immature neutrophils are released indicating:

Accepted Answer

A)  A shift to the right 
B)  A shift to the left 
C)  Leukocytosis 
D)  Leukemia 
A)  A shift to the right 
B)  A shift to the left 
C)  Leukocytosis 
D)  Leukemia

Question 6

What are the most significant risk factors for the development of thrombus formation as referred to by the Virchow triad? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Endothelial injury to blood vessels 
B)  Turbulent arterial blood flow 
C)  Rapid coagulation of the blood 
D)  Stagnant venous blood flow 
E)  History of obesity 
A)  Endothelial injury to blood vessels 
B)  Turbulent arterial blood flow 
C)  Rapid coagulation of the blood 
D)  Stagnant venous blood flow 
E)  History of obesity

Question 7

In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC),what activates the coagulation cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokines, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF), and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) 
B)  Thromboxane A, causing platelets to aggregate and consume clotting factors 
C)  Tissue factor (TF) located in the endothelial layer of blood vessels and subcutaneous tissue 
D)  Endotoxins from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria circulating in the bloodstream 
A)  Cytokines, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF), and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) 
B)  Thromboxane A, causing platelets to aggregate and consume clotting factors 
C)  Tissue factor (TF) located in the endothelial layer of blood vessels and subcutaneous tissue 
D)  Endotoxins from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria circulating in the bloodstream

Question 8

What change is observed in leukocytes during an allergic disorder (type I hypersensitivity)often caused by asthma,hay fever,and drug reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophilia 
B)  Basophilia 
C)  Eosinophilia 
D)  Monocytosis 
A)  Neutrophilia 
B)  Basophilia 
C)  Eosinophilia 
D)  Monocytosis

Question 9

What is the most reliable and specific test for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prothrombin time (PT) 
B)  Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 
C)  Fibrin degradation products (FDP) 
D)  D-dimer 
A)  Prothrombin time (PT) 
B)  Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 
C)  Fibrin degradation products (FDP) 
D)  D-dimer

Question 10

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders.
-Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Accepted Answer

A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome 
A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome

Question 11

Which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for the development and maintenance of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-10; and tumor necrosis factor-gamma (IFN-γ) 
B)  Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and IL-3, IL-5, IL-9, and IFN-γ 
C)  Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF); IL-7, IL-11, and IL-14; and PAF 
D)  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8; and platelet-activating factor (PAF) 
A)  Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-10; and tumor necrosis factor-gamma (IFN-γ) 
B)  Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and IL-3, IL-5, IL-9, and IFN-γ 
C)  Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF); IL-7, IL-11, and IL-14; and PAF 
D)  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8; and platelet-activating factor (PAF)

Question 12

Which statement relates to immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  ITP is formed in conditions of low flow and is made up of mostly red cells with larger amounts of fibrin and few platelets. 
B)  An alteration of multipotent stem cells, resulting in an excess production of platelets, causes ITP. 
C)  Mononuclear phagocytes in the spleen remove antibody-coated platelets from circulation. 
D)  Arterial clots are made up of mostly platelet aggregates held together by fibrin strands. 
A)  ITP is formed in conditions of low flow and is made up of mostly red cells with larger amounts of fibrin and few platelets. 
B)  An alteration of multipotent stem cells, resulting in an excess production of platelets, causes ITP. 
C)  Mononuclear phagocytes in the spleen remove antibody-coated platelets from circulation. 
D)  Arterial clots are made up of mostly platelet aggregates held together by fibrin strands.

Question 13

In infectious mononucleosis (IM),what does the Monospot test detect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immunoglobulin E (Ig
E)  
B)  Immunoglobulin M (IgM) 
C)  Immunoglobulin G (IgG) 
D)  Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A)  
A)  Immunoglobulin E (Ig
E)  
B)  Immunoglobulin M (IgM) 
C)  Immunoglobulin G (IgG) 
D)  Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A)

Question 14

Which description is consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B)  Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C)  B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D)  The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL. 
A)  Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B)  Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C)  B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D)  The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL.

Question 15

Vitamin _____ is required for normal clotting factor synthesis by the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  K; kidneys 
B)  D; kidneys 
C)  K; liver 
D)  D; liver 
A)  K; kidneys 
B)  D; kidneys 
C)  K; liver 
D)  D; liver

Question 16

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders.
-Infectious mononucleosis

Accepted Answer

A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome 
A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome

Question 17

The two major forms of leukemia,acute and chronic,are classified by which criteria? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Predominant cell type 
B)  Rate of progression 
C)  Age of individual when cells differentiation occurs 
D)  Stage of cell development when malignancy first occurs 
E)  Serum level of leukocytes 
A)  Predominant cell type 
B)  Rate of progression 
C)  Age of individual when cells differentiation occurs 
D)  Stage of cell development when malignancy first occurs 
E)  Serum level of leukocytes

Question 18

What are the clinical manifestations of advanced non-African Burkitt lymphoma? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Abdominal swelling 
B)  Night sweats 
C)  Fever 
D)  Weight gain 
E)  Dementia 
A)  Abdominal swelling 
B)  Night sweats 
C)  Fever 
D)  Weight gain 
E)  Dementia

Question 19

Which description is consistent with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B)  Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C)  B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D)  The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL1. 
A)  Defects exist in the ras oncogene, TP53 tumor-suppressor gene, and INK4A, the gene encoding a cell-cycle regulatory protein. 
B)  Leukocytosis and a predominance of blast cells characterize the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As the immature blasts increase, they replace normal myelocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes. 
C)  B cells fail to mature into plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulins. 
D)  The translocation of genetic material from genes 9 and 22 creates an abnormal, fused protein identified as BCR-ABL1.

Question 20

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders.
-Hodgkin lymphoma

Accepted Answer

A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome 
A) Epstein-Barr virus 
B) Bence Jones protein 
C) Diagnosed by the Reed-Sternberg cell 
D) Diagnosed by the Philadelphia chromosome

Exam 29: Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

What is the most common cause of vitamin K deficiency?

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)is a(n)_____ condition in adults and a(n)_____ condition in children.

Which term is used to describe a red-purple discoloration caused by diffuse hemorrhage into the skin tissue?

Which statement best describes heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

When the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply,immature neutrophils are released indicating:

What are the most significant risk factors for the development of thrombus formation as referred to by the Virchow triad? (Select all that apply.)

In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC),what activates the coagulation cascade?

What change is observed in leukocytes during an allergic disorder (type I hypersensitivity)often caused by asthma,hay fever,and drug reactions?

What is the most reliable and specific test for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders. -Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Which proinflammatory cytokines are responsible for the development and maintenance of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Which statement relates to immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

In infectious mononucleosis (IM),what does the Monospot test detect?

Which description is consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?

Vitamin _____ is required for normal clotting factor synthesis by the _____.

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders. -Infectious mononucleosis

The two major forms of leukemia,acute and chronic,are classified by which criteria? (Select all that apply.)

What are the clinical manifestations of advanced non-African Burkitt lymphoma? (Select all that apply.)

Which description is consistent with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?

Match the causes or diagnostic tests with the hematologic disorders. -Hodgkin lymphoma

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)is a(n)_ condition in adults and a(n)_ condition in children.

Vitamin _ is required for normal clotting factor synthesis by the _.