Exam 3: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Water movement between the intracellular fluid (ICF)compartment and the extracellular fluid (ECF)compartment is primarily a function of:

The electrolyte imbalance called hyponatremia exhibits which clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply.)

Physiologic pH is maintained at approximately 7.4 because bicarbonate (HCO₃)and carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)exist in a ratio of:

Match the electrolytes with the corresponding descriptions.Terms may be used more than once. -Is a major determinant of resting membrane potential.

Causes of hypocalcemia include: (Select all that apply.)

Which groups are at risk for fluid imbalance? (Select all that apply.)

Low plasma albumin causes edema as a result of a reduction in which pressure?

When changes in total body water are accompanied by proportional changes in electrolytes,what type of alteration occurs?

The electrolyte imbalance hypercalcemia exhibits which clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply.)

Which enzyme is secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney when circulating blood volume is reduced?

The most common cause of hypermagnesemia is:

During acidosis,the body compensates for the increase in serum hydrogen ions by shifting hydrogen ions into the cell in exchange for which electrolyte?

Secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)and the perception of thirst are stimulated by a(n):

In hyperkalemia,what change occurs to the cells' resting membrane potential?

Match the electrolytes with the corresponding descriptions.Terms may be used more than once. -Is inversely related to HCO₃ concentration.

In addition to osmosis,what force is involved in the movement of water between the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces?

Match the electrolytes with the corresponding descriptions.Terms may be used more than once. -An intracellular metabolic form is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Which arterial pH will initiate the formation of ammonium (NH₄)from ammonia (NH₃),referred to as academia,in the tubular lumen of the kidney?

What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion,convulsions,cerebral hemorrhage,and coma in hypernatremia?

Two thirds of the body's water is found in its: