Question 1

When an individual aspirates food particles,where would the nurse expect to hear decreased or absent breath sounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Left lung 
B)  Right lung 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Carina 
A)  Left lung 
B)  Right lung 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Carina B

Question 2

Which receptors are located in the smooth muscles of airways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Central chemoreceptors 
B)  Stretch receptors 
C)  Peripheral chemoreceptors 
D)  J-receptors 
A)  Central chemoreceptors 
B)  Stretch receptors 
C)  Peripheral chemoreceptors 
D)  J-receptors B

Question 3

Stretch receptors and peripheral chemoreceptors send afferent impulses regarding ventilation to which location in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumotaxic center in the pons 
B)  Apneustic center in the pons 
C)  Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) in the medulla oblongata 
D)  Ventral respiratory group (VRG) in the medulla oblongata 
A)  Pneumotaxic center in the pons 
B)  Apneustic center in the pons 
C)  Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) in the medulla oblongata 
D)  Ventral respiratory group (VRG) in the medulla oblongata C

Question 4

Air passage among alveoli is collateral and evenly distributed because of the function of which structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I alveolar cells 
B)  Pores of Kohn 
C)  Acinus pores 
D)  Alveolar pores 
A)  Type I alveolar cells 
B)  Pores of Kohn 
C)  Acinus pores 
D)  Alveolar pores

Question 5

The adequacy of a person's alveolar ventilation is assessed best by monitoring which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventilatory rate 
B)  Ventilatory pattern 
C)  Respiratory effort 
D)  Arterial blood gas 
A)  Ventilatory rate 
B)  Ventilatory pattern 
C)  Respiratory effort 
D)  Arterial blood gas

Question 6

Decreased lung compliance means that the lungs are demonstrating which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Difficult deflation 
B)  Easy inflation 
C)  Stiffness 
D)  Inability to diffuse oxygen 
A)  Difficult deflation 
B)  Easy inflation 
C)  Stiffness 
D)  Inability to diffuse oxygen

Question 7

Match the receptor with its function.
-Senses pH of cerebrospinal fluid

Accepted Answer

A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors 
A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors

Question 8

Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreasing thoracic compliance 
B)  Attracting water to the alveolar surface 
C)  Decreasing surface tension in the alveoli 
D)  Increasing surface tension in the alveoli 
A)  Decreasing thoracic compliance 
B)  Attracting water to the alveolar surface 
C)  Decreasing surface tension in the alveoli 
D)  Increasing surface tension in the alveoli

Question 9

Match the receptor with its function.
-Initiates rapid,shallow breathing

Accepted Answer

A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors 
A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors

Question 10

Match the receptor with its function.
-Hering-Breuer expiratory reflex

Accepted Answer

A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors 
A) Irritant receptors 
B) Stretch receptors 
C) J-receptors 
D) Peripheral chemoreceptors 
E) Central chemoreceptors

Question 11

Which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perfusion 
B)  Ventilation 
C)  Respiration 
D)  Diffusion 
A)  Perfusion 
B)  Ventilation 
C)  Respiration 
D)  Diffusion

Question 12

Which receptors are located near the respiratory center?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral chemoreceptors 
B)  Stretch receptors 
C)  Central chemoreceptors 
D)  J-receptors 
A)  Peripheral chemoreceptors 
B)  Stretch receptors 
C)  Central chemoreceptors 
D)  J-receptors

Question 13

What is the purpose of the spirometry measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  To evaluate the cause of hypoxia 
B)  To measure the volume and flow rate during forced expiration 
C)  To measures the gas diffusion rate at the alveolocapillary membrane 
D)  To determine pH and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations 
A)  To evaluate the cause of hypoxia 
B)  To measure the volume and flow rate during forced expiration 
C)  To measures the gas diffusion rate at the alveolocapillary membrane 
D)  To determine pH and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations

Question 14

Which describes the pressure in the pleural space?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atmospheric 
B)  Below atmospheric 
C)  Above atmospheric 
D)  Variable 
A)  Atmospheric 
B)  Below atmospheric 
C)  Above atmospheric 
D)  Variable

Question 15

If a patient develops acidosis,the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shift to the right, causing more oxygen (O2) to be released to the cells 
B)  Shift to the left, allowing less O2 to be released to the cells 
C)  Show no change, allowing the O2 concentration to remain stable 
D)  Show dramatic fluctuation, allowing the O2 concentration to increase 
A)  Shift to the right, causing more oxygen (O2) to be released to the cells 
B)  Shift to the left, allowing less O2 to be released to the cells 
C)  Show no change, allowing the O2 concentration to remain stable 
D)  Show dramatic fluctuation, allowing the O2 concentration to increase

Question 16

An increase in surface tension caused by decreased surfactant production results in which alteration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in alveolar macrophage production 
B)  Increase in lung compliance 
C)  Decrease in alveoli collapse 
D)  Increase in alveoli fluid collection 
A)  Decrease in alveolar macrophage production 
B)  Increase in lung compliance 
C)  Decrease in alveoli collapse 
D)  Increase in alveoli fluid collection

Question 17

Aspiration is most likely to occur in the right mainstem bronchus because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  Extends vertically from the trachea. 
B)  Is narrower than the left mainstem bronchus. 
C)  Comes into contact with food and drink first. 
D)  Is located at the site where the bronchi bifurcate. 
A)  Extends vertically from the trachea. 
B)  Is narrower than the left mainstem bronchus. 
C)  Comes into contact with food and drink first. 
D)  Is located at the site where the bronchi bifurcate.

Question 18

Which structure is not associated with any lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trachea 
B)  Bronchi 
C)  Acinus 
D)  Terminal bronchioles 
A)  Trachea 
B)  Bronchi 
C)  Acinus 
D)  Terminal bronchioles

Question 19

Where does the tracheal bifurcation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larynx 
B)  Bronchi 
C)  Carina 
D)  Nasopharynx 
A)  Larynx 
B)  Bronchi 
C)  Carina 
D)  Nasopharynx

Question 20

Which part of the brainstem provides basic automatic rhythm of respiration by sending efferent impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) 
B)  Ventral respiratory group 
C)  Pneumotaxic center 
D)  Apneustic center 
A)  Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) 
B)  Ventral respiratory group 
C)  Pneumotaxic center 
D)  Apneustic center

Exam 34: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

When an individual aspirates food particles,where would the nurse expect to hear decreased or absent breath sounds?

Which receptors are located in the smooth muscles of airways?

Stretch receptors and peripheral chemoreceptors send afferent impulses regarding ventilation to which location in the brain?

Air passage among alveoli is collateral and evenly distributed because of the function of which structures?

The adequacy of a person's alveolar ventilation is assessed best by monitoring which mechanism?

Decreased lung compliance means that the lungs are demonstrating which characteristic?

Match the receptor with its function. -Senses pH of cerebrospinal fluid

Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by which mechanism?

Match the receptor with its function. -Initiates rapid,shallow breathing

Match the receptor with its function. -Hering-Breuer expiratory reflex

Which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs?

Which receptors are located near the respiratory center?

What is the purpose of the spirometry measurement?

Which describes the pressure in the pleural space?

If a patient develops acidosis,the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner?

An increase in surface tension caused by decreased surfactant production results in which alteration?

Aspiration is most likely to occur in the right mainstem bronchus because it:

Which structure is not associated with any lymphatic vessels?

Where does the tracheal bifurcation occur?

Which part of the brainstem provides basic automatic rhythm of respiration by sending efferent impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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