Question 1

Which statement is false about aging and the musculoskeletal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haversian system erodes, the canals nearest the marrow cavity widened, and the endosteal cortex converts to spongy bone. 
B)  The remodeling cycle increases because of a decreased ability of the basic multicellular units to resorb and deposit bone. 
C)  Cartilaginous rigidity increases because of decreasing water content and decreasing concentrations of glycosaminoglycans. 
D)  Muscle ribonucleic acid (RN
A)  synthesis declines, although the regenerative function of muscle tissue is reportedly normal in older adults. 
A)  Haversian system erodes, the canals nearest the marrow cavity widened, and the endosteal cortex converts to spongy bone. 
B)  The remodeling cycle increases because of a decreased ability of the basic multicellular units to resorb and deposit bone. 
C)  Cartilaginous rigidity increases because of decreasing water content and decreasing concentrations of glycosaminoglycans. 
D)  Muscle ribonucleic acid (RN
A)  synthesis declines, although the regenerative function of muscle tissue is reportedly normal in older adults. A

Question 2

Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Magnesium 
A)  Sodium 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Magnesium C

Question 3

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once.
-Fibrin and platelets form a meshwork within the initial framework for healing.

Accepted Answer

A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation 
A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation B

Question 4

Which four-step process correctly describes muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coupling, contraction, relaxation, excitation 
B)  Contraction, relaxation, excitation, coupling 
C)  Relaxation, excitation, coupling, contraction 
D)  Excitation, coupling, contraction, relaxation 
A)  Coupling, contraction, relaxation, excitation 
B)  Contraction, relaxation, excitation, coupling 
C)  Relaxation, excitation, coupling, contraction 
D)  Excitation, coupling, contraction, relaxation

Question 5

Which part of an injured joint becomes insensitive to pain and regenerates slowly and minimally?

Accepted Answer

A)  Synovium 
B)  Articular cartilage 
C)  Bursa 
D)  Tendon 
A)  Synovium 
B)  Articular cartilage 
C)  Bursa 
D)  Tendon

Question 6

Which bone cell secretes hydrochloric acid to help dissolve bone minerals and collagenase,thus aiding in the digestion of collagen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoblasts 
C)  Osteoclasts 
D)  Osteophytes 
A)  Osteocytes 
B)  Osteoblasts 
C)  Osteoclasts 
D)  Osteophytes

Question 7

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once.
-Periosteal and endosteal surfaces of the bone are formed to the size and shape of the bone before an injury.

Accepted Answer

A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation 
A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation

Question 8

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once.
-Osteoblasts form membranous or woven bone.Enzymes increase the phosphate content and permit the phosphate to join with calcium to be deposited.

Accepted Answer

A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation 
A) Callus replacement 
B) Hematoma formation 
C) Remodeling 
D) Procallus formation 
E) Callus formation

Question 9

The outer layer of the periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves that penetrate the inner structures of the bone by way of which structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Volkmann canals 
B)  Canaliculi 
C)  Sharpey canals 
D)  Trabeculae 
A)  Volkmann canals 
B)  Canaliculi 
C)  Sharpey canals 
D)  Trabeculae

Question 10

Which statement is false about muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle comprises 50% of an adult's body weight and 40% of a child's body weight. 
B)  Muscle is 75% water, 20% protein, and 5% organic and inorganic compounds. 
C)  Muscle contains 32% of all protein stores for energy and metabolism. 
D)  Muscles are encased in fascia. 
A)  Muscle comprises 50% of an adult's body weight and 40% of a child's body weight. 
B)  Muscle is 75% water, 20% protein, and 5% organic and inorganic compounds. 
C)  Muscle contains 32% of all protein stores for energy and metabolism. 
D)  Muscles are encased in fascia.

Question 11

Which statements are true regarding osteocytes? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  An osteocyte is a transformed osteoblast. 
B)  An osteocyte obtains nutrients from capillaries in the canaliculi. 
C)  The functioning of an osteocyte is well understood. 
D)  Osteocytes signal osteoclasts and osteoblasts to form new bone. 
E)  An osteocyte helps maintain levels of calcium and phosphorus in blood plasma. 
A)  An osteocyte is a transformed osteoblast. 
B)  An osteocyte obtains nutrients from capillaries in the canaliculi. 
C)  The functioning of an osteocyte is well understood. 
D)  Osteocytes signal osteoclasts and osteoblasts to form new bone. 
E)  An osteocyte helps maintain levels of calcium and phosphorus in blood plasma.

Question 12

After puberty,the epiphyseal plate calcifies,and the epiphysis merges with the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Epiphyseal line 
B)  Epiphyseal plate 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Articular cartilage 
A)  Epiphyseal line 
B)  Epiphyseal plate 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Articular cartilage

Question 13

What happens to the original bone during the second phase of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

A)  The original bone is replaced. 
B)  It hardens. 
C)  The original bone is resorbed. 
D)  It is synthesized. 
A)  The original bone is replaced. 
B)  It hardens. 
C)  The original bone is resorbed. 
D)  It is synthesized.

Question 14

Which term describes a freely movable joint?

Accepted Answer

A)  Synarthrosis 
B)  Amphiarthrosis 
C)  Biarthrosis 
D)  Diarthrosis 
A)  Synarthrosis 
B)  Amphiarthrosis 
C)  Biarthrosis 
D)  Diarthrosis

Question 15

Which bone cells are large and multinucleated and contain lysosomes filled with hydrolytic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteoblasts 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Osteocytes 
D)  Fibrocytes 
A)  Osteoblasts 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Osteocytes 
D)  Fibrocytes

Question 16

In adults,hematopoiesis takes place in which bone marrow cavities? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Skull 
B)  Shoulders 
C)  Sternum 
D)  Long bones 
E)  Pelvis 
A)  Skull 
B)  Shoulders 
C)  Sternum 
D)  Long bones 
E)  Pelvis

Question 17

What controls the movement of synovial fluid through cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cartiloregulins 
B)  Hyaluronate 
C)  Proteoglycans 
D)  Chondroitin 
A)  Cartiloregulins 
B)  Hyaluronate 
C)  Proteoglycans 
D)  Chondroitin

Question 18

Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor)muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Slow contraction speed 
B)  Fast conduction velocities 
C)  Profuse capillary supply 
D)  Oxidative metabolism 
A)  Slow contraction speed 
B)  Fast conduction velocities 
C)  Profuse capillary supply 
D)  Oxidative metabolism

Question 19

Which glucoprotein is thought to transport essential elements such as hormones,ions,and other metabolites to and from the bone cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocalcin 
B)  Osteonectin 
C)  Laminin 
D)  Bone albumin 
A)  Osteocalcin 
B)  Osteonectin 
C)  Laminin 
D)  Bone albumin

Question 20

Which cells function to maintain bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteoclasts 
B)  Osteocytes 
C)  Osteoblasts 
D)  Osteophytes 
A)  Osteoclasts 
B)  Osteocytes 
C)  Osteoblasts 
D)  Osteophytes

Exam 43: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Which statement is false about aging and the musculoskeletal system?

Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles?

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once. -Fibrin and platelets form a meshwork within the initial framework for healing.

Which four-step process correctly describes muscle contraction?

Which part of an injured joint becomes insensitive to pain and regenerates slowly and minimally?

Which bone cell secretes hydrochloric acid to help dissolve bone minerals and collagenase,thus aiding in the digestion of collagen?

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once. -Periosteal and endosteal surfaces of the bone are formed to the size and shape of the bone before an injury.

Match the stages of wound healing of a bone with the description of each.Stages may be used more than once. -Osteoblasts form membranous or woven bone.Enzymes increase the phosphate content and permit the phosphate to join with calcium to be deposited.

The outer layer of the periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves that penetrate the inner structures of the bone by way of which structure?

Which statement is false about muscles?

Which statements are true regarding osteocytes? (Select all that apply.)

After puberty,the epiphyseal plate calcifies,and the epiphysis merges with the __________.

What happens to the original bone during the second phase of bone remodeling?

Which term describes a freely movable joint?

Which bone cells are large and multinucleated and contain lysosomes filled with hydrolytic enzymes?

In adults,hematopoiesis takes place in which bone marrow cavities? (Select all that apply.)

What controls the movement of synovial fluid through cartilage?

Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor)muscle fibers?

Which glucoprotein is thought to transport essential elements such as hormones,ions,and other metabolites to and from the bone cells?

Which cells function to maintain bone matrix?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters