Question 1

What distinguishes kwashiorkor from marasmus?

Accepted Answer

A)  All nutrients, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are reduced in kwashiorkor. 
B)  Physical growth of children is stunted in kwashiorkor but not in marasmus. 
C)  Muscle wasting, diarrhea, low hemoglobin, and infection characterize kwashiorkor. 
D)  Subcutaneous fat, hepatomegaly, and fatty liver are present in kwashiorkor. 
A)  All nutrients, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are reduced in kwashiorkor. 
B)  Physical growth of children is stunted in kwashiorkor but not in marasmus. 
C)  Muscle wasting, diarrhea, low hemoglobin, and infection characterize kwashiorkor. 
D)  Subcutaneous fat, hepatomegaly, and fatty liver are present in kwashiorkor. D

Question 2

Which term is used to identify an intestinal obstruction caused by meconium formed in utero that is abnormally sticky and adheres firmly to the mucosa of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meconium cecum 
B)  Meconium ileus 
C)  Meconium obstruction 
D)  Meconium vivax 
A)  Meconium cecum 
B)  Meconium ileus 
C)  Meconium obstruction 
D)  Meconium vivax B

Question 3

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of which nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Central 
B)  Parasympathetic 
C)  Sympathetic 
D)  Somatic 
A)  Central 
B)  Parasympathetic 
C)  Sympathetic 
D)  Somatic B

Question 4

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Meconium ileus

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 5

What is the most common clinical sign of portal hypertension in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right heart failure 
B)  Pulmonary edema 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Diarrhea 
A)  Right heart failure 
B)  Pulmonary edema 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Diarrhea

Question 6

In children,the risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV)are primarily associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Living in urban communities 
B)  Mothers who are hepatitis C carriers 
C)  Transfusion therapy for hemophilia 
D)  Those of Hispanic ethnic background 
A)  Living in urban communities 
B)  Mothers who are hepatitis C carriers 
C)  Transfusion therapy for hemophilia 
D)  Those of Hispanic ethnic background

Question 7

What factor associated with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue)causes an infant to bruise and bleed easily?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption 
B)  Bone marrow function depression 
C)  Iron, folate, and B12 deficiency anemias 
D)  Prescribed daily warfarin (Coumadin) 
A)  Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption 
B)  Bone marrow function depression 
C)  Iron, folate, and B12 deficiency anemias 
D)  Prescribed daily warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 8

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Celiac sprue

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 9

What causes a person with cystic fibrosis to experience an exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus. 
B)  Impaired blood supply to the pancreas causes ischemia. 
C)  A genetically impaired pancreas is unable to produce digestive enzymes. 
D)  The pancreas has a volvulus at the ampulla of Vater. 
A)  Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus. 
B)  Impaired blood supply to the pancreas causes ischemia. 
C)  A genetically impaired pancreas is unable to produce digestive enzymes. 
D)  The pancreas has a volvulus at the ampulla of Vater.

Question 10

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Hirschsprung disease

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 11

Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy may cause which condition in the infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pyloric stenosis 
B)  Meconium ileus 
C)  Esophageal atresia 
D)  Galactosemia 
A)  Pyloric stenosis 
B)  Meconium ileus 
C)  Esophageal atresia 
D)  Galactosemia

Question 12

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Malrotation

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 13

Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretory 
B)  Motility 
C)  Osmotic 
D)  Small volume 
A)  Secretory 
B)  Motility 
C)  Osmotic 
D)  Small volume

Question 14

Cystic fibrosis is directly responsible for complications to which structures? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscles 
B)  Kidneys 
C)  Lymph nodes 
D)  Cervix 
E)  Liver 
A)  Muscles 
B)  Kidneys 
C)  Lymph nodes 
D)  Cervix 
E)  Liver

Question 15

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics.
-Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life 
A) Gluten sensitivity 
B) Periduodenal band 
C) Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
D) Protein energy malnutrition 
E) Lack of digestive enzymes during fetal life

Question 16

Which term is used to describe an intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon by collapsing through the ileocecal valve?

Accepted Answer

A)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B)  Malrotation 
C)  Intussusception 
D)  Volvulus 
A)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
B)  Malrotation 
C)  Intussusception 
D)  Volvulus

Question 17

Which term is used to identify a condition in which the developing colon remains in the upper right quadrant instead of moving to its normal location?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intestinal malrotation 
B)  Ileocecal displacement 
C)  Duodenal obstruction 
D)  Pyloric stenosis 
A)  Intestinal malrotation 
B)  Ileocecal displacement 
C)  Duodenal obstruction 
D)  Pyloric stenosis

Question 18

Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive mucus production 
B)  Elevated blood glucose levels 
C)  Low sodium content in perspiration 
D)  Abnormally thin exocrine secretions 
A)  Excessive mucus production 
B)  Elevated blood glucose levels 
C)  Low sodium content in perspiration 
D)  Abnormally thin exocrine secretions

Question 19

Which statements regarding Wilson disease in children are true? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive defect. 
B)  Wilson disease affects copper metabolism. 
C)  A lack of necessary copper is a result of Wilson disease. 
D)  The liver is often affected in Wilson disease. 
E)  Corneal damage can be a result of Wilson disease. 
A)  Wilson disease is a rare autosomal recessive defect. 
B)  Wilson disease affects copper metabolism. 
C)  A lack of necessary copper is a result of Wilson disease. 
D)  The liver is often affected in Wilson disease. 
E)  Corneal damage can be a result of Wilson disease.

Question 20

At 2 or 3 weeks of age,an infant who has been well fed and has gained weight begins to vomit for no apparent reason.The vomiting gradually becomes more forceful.These symptoms may be indicative of which disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Esophageal atresia 
B)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
C)  Pyloric stenosis 
D)  Galactosemia 
A)  Esophageal atresia 
B)  Congenital aganglionic megacolon 
C)  Pyloric stenosis 
D)  Galactosemia

Exam 42: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

What distinguishes kwashiorkor from marasmus?

Which term is used to identify an intestinal obstruction caused by meconium formed in utero that is abnormally sticky and adheres firmly to the mucosa of the small intestine?

Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease)involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of which nervous system?

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Meconium ileus

What is the most common clinical sign of portal hypertension in children?

In children,the risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV)are primarily associated with:

What factor associated with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac sprue)causes an infant to bruise and bleed easily?

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Celiac sprue

What causes a person with cystic fibrosis to experience an exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Hirschsprung disease

Increased gastrin secretion by the mother in the last trimester of pregnancy may cause which condition in the infant?

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Malrotation

Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

Cystic fibrosis is directly responsible for complications to which structures? (Select all that apply.)

Match the terms with the corresponding characteristics. -Marasmus and kwashiorkor

Which term is used to describe an intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon by collapsing through the ileocecal valve?

Which term is used to identify a condition in which the developing colon remains in the upper right quadrant instead of moving to its normal location?

Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom?

Which statements regarding Wilson disease in children are true? (Select all that apply.)

At 2 or 3 weeks of age,an infant who has been well fed and has gained weight begins to vomit for no apparent reason.The vomiting gradually becomes more forceful.These symptoms may be indicative of which disorder?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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