Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Often influencing human behaviors are learned desires for attention and approval, which are considered secondary reinforcers, and are called __________ reinforcers.

According to the partial reinforcement effect, acquiring a response through partial reinforcement makes the response

Primary reinforcers are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A child has learned to avoid a furry, black cat of her neighbor's. However, she still plays with her grandmother's short-haired gray tabby cat. Her response demonstrates

In a classic experiment, two groups of rats explored a maze with the first group being rewarded with food at the end of the maze, while the second group wandered the maze but were unrewarded and showed no signs of learning. But later, when the "uneducated" rats were given food, they ran the maze as quickly as the rewarded group. The unrewarded animals had nevertheless learned their way around the maze, which demonstrated a type of learning referred to as

In Thorndike's law of effect, events critical for conditioning occur before the response.

Psychologists define learning as

Continuous reinforcement is more resistant to extinction than partial reinforcement.

The phenomenon of stimulus control makes it clear that stimuli that affect operant responding

For punishment to be effective with children,

Punishment is best defined as

When children engage in negative attention-seeking, they are demonstrating the power of

The learned ability to respond differently to various stimuli is known as

In which type of learning do we associate responses with their consequences?

In Pavlov's experiments, the meat powder (food)placed on the dog's tongue was the conditioned stimulus.

The onset of an unpleasant event that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as

Persons learn new responses, carry out or avoid previously learned responses, and learn the general rules that can be applied in various situations by observing a(n)

Which schedule of reinforcement may have long periods of nonreward that make it harder to discriminate between periods of reinforcement and extinction?

Regarding punishment, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother doing his algebra homework. The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because