Question 1

Fatima sees her four-year-old son spontaneously picking up his toys. If she wishes for her son to continue this behavior, she should

Accepted Answer

A) praise her son immediately after he finishes picking up the toys. 
B) wait and praise her son after his father gets home from work. 
C) not praise her son because he will then expect praise every time he acts "good." 
D) wait and only praise him if he picks them up again on another day. 
A) praise her son immediately after he finishes picking up the toys. 
B) wait and praise her son after his father gets home from work. 
C) not praise her son because he will then expect praise every time he acts "good." 
D) wait and only praise him if he picks them up again on another day.

Question 2

Discuss the research regarding the effect of violent video games, including the results of early and more recent studies, the reasons why video games may increase the probability of aggression, and why violent media affects younger children differently than adolescents and adults.

Accepted Answer

Answer includes that today's children an

Question 3

A critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is

Accepted Answer

A) the attractiveness of the situation in which the model appears. 
B) the unconscious motivation of the learning. 
C) the interpersonal relationship between model and learner. 
D) whether the model is successful or unsuccessful. 
A) the attractiveness of the situation in which the model appears. 
B) the unconscious motivation of the learning. 
C) the interpersonal relationship between model and learner. 
D) whether the model is successful or unsuccessful.

Question 4

How might a child raised in the city learn to fear snakes and respond emotionally to mere pictures of them?

Accepted Answer

A) The child was told repeatedly that "snakes are dangerous." 
B) The child observed others reacting emotionally to the word snake or to snake images in the media. 
C) The child, like all humans, is born with a fear of snakes and other reptiles. 
D) The child has been bitten by other animals and generalizes this fear to all animals, including snakes. 
A) The child was told repeatedly that "snakes are dangerous." 
B) The child observed others reacting emotionally to the word snake or to snake images in the media. 
C) The child, like all humans, is born with a fear of snakes and other reptiles. 
D) The child has been bitten by other animals and generalizes this fear to all animals, including snakes.

Question 5

Elizabeth no longer has a difficult time finding her way around the new mall because after several visits she has developed which of the following to help her navigate the mall?

Accepted Answer

A) a cognitive map 
B) a behavioral contract 
C) adaptive processing 
D) projective assessment 
A) a cognitive map 
B) a behavioral contract 
C) adaptive processing 
D) projective assessment

Question 6

When you get traffic tickets, you not only have to pay fines, but you also incur higher insurance rates. This loss of money due to speeding would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) response cost. 
B) positive punishment. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) extinction. 
A) response cost. 
B) positive punishment. 
C) negative reinforcement. 
D) extinction.

Question 7

Which of the following involves a simple tally of response frequencies that can help you break undesirable behavior patterns and provides feedback about your progress in developing desirable behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive mapping 
B) cumulative charting 
C) self-recording 
D) response chaining 
A) cognitive mapping 
B) cumulative charting 
C) self-recording 
D) response chaining

Question 8

Any high-frequency response can be used to reinforce a low-frequency response, according to __________ principle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any high-frequency response can be used to...

Question 9

If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie, you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie. Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) an automatic, non-learned response. 
B) learning by consequences. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) operant conditioning. 
A) an automatic, non-learned response. 
B) learning by consequences. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 10

Which of the following is the appropriate sequence for classically conditioning an eyeblink response to an auditory stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) deliver a puff of air to the eyelid, sound the tone 
B) sound the tone, deliver a puff of air to the eyelid 
C) follow the eyeblink response with a mild shock 
D) follow the eyeblink response with a soft drink 
A) deliver a puff of air to the eyelid, sound the tone 
B) sound the tone, deliver a puff of air to the eyelid 
C) follow the eyeblink response with a mild shock 
D) follow the eyeblink response with a soft drink

Question 11

In a classic study of angry adolescent boys who were severely punished at home, it was found that

Accepted Answer

A) they continued to be aggressive at home and at school. 
B) they continued to be aggressive at home, but not at school. 
C) their misbehavior was suppressed at home, but they were aggressive at school. 
D) their misbehavior and aggression were suppressed both at home and at school. 
A) they continued to be aggressive at home and at school. 
B) they continued to be aggressive at home, but not at school. 
C) their misbehavior was suppressed at home, but they were aggressive at school. 
D) their misbehavior and aggression were suppressed both at home and at school.

Question 12

Three-year-old Jabez has been classically conditioned to salivate to a bell. We now clap our hands and then ring the bell. Little Jabez will soon learn to salivate when we clap our hands because of

Accepted Answer

A) the law of effect. 
B) shaping. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) instrumental conditioning. 
A) the law of effect. 
B) shaping. 
C) higher-order conditioning. 
D) instrumental conditioning.

Question 13

Compared to discovery learning, learning by rote tends to produce a better understanding of new problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Many studies of operant conditioning in animals make use of an operant conditioning chamber, which was invented by __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many studies of operant conditioning in animals...

Question 15

Regarding associative learning, which of the following discovered what is now called operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) Ivan Pavlov 
B) Albert Bandura 
C) Edward Thorndike 
D) John B. Watson 
A) Ivan Pavlov 
B) Albert Bandura 
C) Edward Thorndike 
D) John B. Watson

Question 16

The Premack principle states that

Accepted Answer

A) primary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
B) secondary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
C) things you like to do can act as rewards. 
D) the entire response must be completed before rewards are most effective. 
A) primary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
B) secondary reinforcers are the best rewards. 
C) things you like to do can act as rewards. 
D) the entire response must be completed before rewards are most effective.

Question 17

Learning is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A) any change in behavior. 
B) a relatively permanent change in behavior due to past experience. 
C) a relatively permanent change in behavior due to physical development. 
D) any change in behavior caused by motivation. 
A) any change in behavior. 
B) a relatively permanent change in behavior due to past experience. 
C) a relatively permanent change in behavior due to physical development. 
D) any change in behavior caused by motivation.

Question 18

Most children quickly learn to tell the difference between the voice tones of adults that are associated with punishment from those associated with praise or affection. This learned ability is called

Accepted Answer

A) a spontaneous recovery. 
B) stimulus discrimination. 
C) stimulus generalization. 
D) place learning. 
A) a spontaneous recovery. 
B) stimulus discrimination. 
C) stimulus generalization. 
D) place learning.

Question 19

Much human learning, such as using a computer or playing a musical instrument, occurs in the absence of obvious reinforcers, such as food or water, because of the adaptive value of

Accepted Answer

A) primary reinforcers. 
B) conditioned stimuli. 
C) positive reinforcers. 
D) feedback. 
A) primary reinforcers. 
B) conditioned stimuli. 
C) positive reinforcers. 
D) feedback.

Question 20

If you cannot punish an animal or young child immediately,

Accepted Answer

A) wait for the next instance of misbehavior by the animal or young child. 
B) take the animal or child back to the place of the misbehavior and then punish them. 
C) delay the punishment but increase the intensity. 
D) clearly state or point at the damage while punishing the animal or young child later. 
A) wait for the next instance of misbehavior by the animal or young child. 
B) take the animal or child back to the place of the misbehavior and then punish them. 
C) delay the punishment but increase the intensity. 
D) clearly state or point at the damage while punishing the animal or young child later.

Fatima sees her four-year-old son spontaneously picking up his toys. If she wishes for her son to continue this behavior, she should

Discuss the research regarding the effect of violent video games, including the results of early and more recent studies, the reasons why video games may increase the probability of aggression, and why violent media affects younger children differently than adolescents and adults.

A critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is

How might a child raised in the city learn to fear snakes and respond emotionally to mere pictures of them?

Elizabeth no longer has a difficult time finding her way around the new mall because after several visits she has developed which of the following to help her navigate the mall?

When you get traffic tickets, you not only have to pay fines, but you also incur higher insurance rates. This loss of money due to speeding would be an example of

Which of the following involves a simple tally of response frequencies that can help you break undesirable behavior patterns and provides feedback about your progress in developing desirable behaviors?

Any high-frequency response can be used to reinforce a low-frequency response, according to __________ principle.

If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie, you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie. Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates

Which of the following is the appropriate sequence for classically conditioning an eyeblink response to an auditory stimulus?

In a classic study of angry adolescent boys who were severely punished at home, it was found that

Three-year-old Jabez has been classically conditioned to salivate to a bell. We now clap our hands and then ring the bell. Little Jabez will soon learn to salivate when we clap our hands because of

Compared to discovery learning, learning by rote tends to produce a better understanding of new problems.

Many studies of operant conditioning in animals make use of an operant conditioning chamber, which was invented by __________.

Regarding associative learning, which of the following discovered what is now called operant conditioning?

The Premack principle states that

Learning is best defined as

Most children quickly learn to tell the difference between the voice tones of adults that are associated with punishment from those associated with praise or affection. This learned ability is called

Much human learning, such as using a computer or playing a musical instrument, occurs in the absence of obvious reinforcers, such as food or water, because of the adaptive value of

If you cannot punish an animal or young child immediately,

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Creativity

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Personality

Health, Stress, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Thinking and Social Influence

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Maximizing Learning through Reflective Processing and Active Thinking

Applied Psychology

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Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Fatima sees her four-year-old son spontaneously picking up his toys. If she wishes for her son to continue this behavior, she should

Discuss the research regarding the effect of violent video games, including the results of early and more recent studies, the reasons why video games may increase the probability of aggression, and why violent media affects younger children differently than adolescents and adults.

A critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is

How might a child raised in the city learn to fear snakes and respond emotionally to mere pictures of them?

Elizabeth no longer has a difficult time finding her way around the new mall because after several visits she has developed which of the following to help her navigate the mall?

When you get traffic tickets, you not only have to pay fines, but you also incur higher insurance rates. This loss of money due to speeding would be an example of

Which of the following involves a simple tally of response frequencies that can help you break undesirable behavior patterns and provides feedback about your progress in developing desirable behaviors?

Any high-frequency response can be used to reinforce a low-frequency response, according to __________ principle.

If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie, you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie. Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates

Which of the following is the appropriate sequence for classically conditioning an eyeblink response to an auditory stimulus?

In a classic study of angry adolescent boys who were severely punished at home, it was found that

Three-year-old Jabez has been classically conditioned to salivate to a bell. We now clap our hands and then ring the bell. Little Jabez will soon learn to salivate when we clap our hands because of

Compared to discovery learning, learning by rote tends to produce a better understanding of new problems.

Many studies of operant conditioning in animals make use of an operant conditioning chamber, which was invented by __________.

Regarding associative learning, which of the following discovered what is now called operant conditioning?

The Premack principle states that

Learning is best defined as

Most children quickly learn to tell the difference between the voice tones of adults that are associated with punishment from those associated with praise or affection. This learned ability is called

Much human learning, such as using a computer or playing a musical instrument, occurs in the absence of obvious reinforcers, such as food or water, because of the adaptive value of

If you cannot punish an animal or young child immediately,

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Creativity

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

Personality

Health, Stress, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Thinking and Social Influence

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Maximizing Learning through Reflective Processing and Active Thinking

Applied Psychology

Filters