Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

The first step in using "behavioral self-management" is to

A child who is a model of behavior when his parents are present, but who becomes uncontrollable when the babysitter arrives, is demonstrating

According to the informational view, the brain learns to anticipate the future event of the US following the CS. Thus, this view explains classical conditioning in terms of

Reinforcement in operant conditioning is most effective when it is

During and after conditioning, the bell served as which of the following in Ivan Pavlov's experiment with the dogs?

In an early study on video games, college students either played a very violent, difficult, highly competitive, fast-paced video game (Mortal Kombat)or an easier, less competitive, nonviolent, slower-paced game (PGA Tournament Golf)and then competed with another student (actually an actor)in a task that allowed aggression and retaliation to take place. In this study, which of the following students were more likely to exhibit aggression by punishing their competitor?

Luis has not been making any progress toward his weight loss for the past six months. So, he and his wife draw up a formal agreement in which he states that he will meet weekly weight loss goals with the rewards for meeting these goals listed and the consequences he will incur if he does not meet his weekly goal. Luis and his wife are utilizing which of the following to help him lose weight?

If you watch television every night and want to study more, make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour. Then, lengthen the requirement each week. Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of

Two schedules of reinforcement that produce the highest rates of response are

If a punishment is given only after the undesired response occurs, we say the punishment is being given

When Jared is scolded by his mother for misbehaving, he actually increases the misbehavior because he finally has her attention. For Jared, the scolding served as a

The best teaching strategies involve problem solving with enough direction from teachers so that students gain useful knowledge, while also providing enough freedom so students can actively think about these problems themselves. This technique is called

A rat in a Skinner box is going through several training sessions where the light that illuminates the box is alternately turned on and off. When the light is on, a bar press will produce food. When the light is off, bar pressing goes unrewarded. We soon observe that the rat presses vigorously when the light is on and ignores the bar when the light is off. This illustrates

Learning by consequences occurs during

A behavior may be followed by a positive consequence, or reinforcer, such as food; or by a negative consequence, or punisher, such as a slap; or by nothing with these results determining whether a response is likely to be made again. The type of learning just described is

An emotional response that has been linked by classical conditioning to a previously nonemotional stimulus is called a(n)

Stimuli that consistently precede a rewarded response tend to influence when and where the response will occur. This is the principle of

In classical conditioning, the tendency to respond to stimuli similar to (but not identical to)a conditioned response is called

Social reinforcers consist of

Which type of operant reinforcer is natural, nonlearned, and rooted in biology with food, water, and sex being obvious examples?