Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as

Which of the following is NOT a primary reinforcer?

A baby cries when she hears a stranger's voice but not when she hears her mother's voice. This illustrates

Two-year-old Lance reaches toward a stove burner. His mother should

In operant conditioning, any event that reliably increases the probability or frequency of the response it follows is called a(n)

In a behavior modification program at the local school, children were given "good behavior" slips that could be exchanged for candy or toys at the end of the week. Which of the following would be a FALSE statement regarding this type of reinforcement?

When using the three tools to control behavior, it is usually best to begin by

A rat in a Skinner box presses the lever and receives a food pellet. This reinforcement will help the rat to

Emotional reactions to objects and events are sometimes learned as a result of observing others rather than through direct experiences. This phenomenon is called

Which type of operant reinforcer produces comfort, ends discomfort, or fills an immediate physical need?

In order to increase interest and motivation, a computer math game has been designed that allows students to compete in a speedboat race rather than just completing a series of subtraction problems. The faster correct answers are selected, the faster the student's boat speeds toward the finish line. This math game would be an example of

You are a very good skater, but you did not start out that way. Your mother reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months. This process is known as

Operant conditioning focuses on how

Mei always seems to be a late for work because she spends so much time drinking coffee and reading the paper that she has to rush through her shower and picking an outfit. So, she has decided to drink her coffee while selecting her clothes, then take a shower, and, if any time remains, she will have a second cup of coffee and read the paper. Mei is utilizing the strategy that involves

To determine whether or not conditioning has occurred in the traditional Pavlovian experiment, an experimenter would present the

Food, water, pain reduction, sex, and brain stimulation have in common the fact that all are __________ reinforcers.

The first step in a behavioral self-management plan is to establish goals.

Which of the following is NOT required for observational learning to take place?

Even though it will be four years before you graduate, you study and work hard because you know that having the degree will help you obtain a good job. Looking toward this degree helps maintain your hard work through a series of courses even through the reinforcement is delayed for several years. This illustrates

A beginning auto mechanic carefully observes a skilled mechanic perform a complex tune-up on a foreign car for the first time. What is the most likely reason that this beginning auto mechanic will be unable to perform this tune-up completely on his own?