Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: axon terminal of presynaptic cell
synaptic cleft
synaptic vesicles
receptors
plasma membrane of postsynaptic cell

Accepted Answer

The Answer of C and B and D and A is...

Question 2

Which glial cells serve as electrical insulators?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  astrocytes 
D)  interneurons 
E)  Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  astrocytes 
D)  interneurons 
E)  Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

Question 3

GABA can bind to metabotropic receptors .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane occurs due to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the diffusion of K+into the cell 
B)  the diffusion of K+out of the cell 
C)  the diffusion of Na+into the cell. 
D)  the diffusion of Na+out of the cell 
E)  closed gated channels 
A)  the diffusion of K+into the cell 
B)  the diffusion of K+out of the cell 
C)  the diffusion of Na+into the cell. 
D)  the diffusion of Na+out of the cell 
E)  closed gated channels

Question 5

A toxin interferes with the opening of Na+channels in the postsynaptic membrane so they open more slowly when bound to a neurotransmitter. What effect would there be on action potential formation in the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

This would cause a postsynapti

Question 6

Valium is a drug that causes voltage-gated Cl- channels to open. What effects would this cause in a postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

Valium would cause hyperpolari

Question 7

An abrupt and transient change in membrane potential is called a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical potential 
B)  refractory potential 
C)  threshold potential 
D)  resting potential 
E)  action potential 
A)  electrical potential 
B)  refractory potential 
C)  threshold potential 
D)  resting potential 
E)  action potential

Question 8

Action potentials are propagated in a one-way direction down a neuronal plasma membrane because

Accepted Answer

A)  the action potential is of insufficient intensity to stimulate the voltage-gated ion channels behind it 
B)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are ligand-gated 
C)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are in a refractory period 
D)  voltage-gated ion channels are suppressed 
E)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are at their threshold potential 
A)  the action potential is of insufficient intensity to stimulate the voltage-gated ion channels behind it 
B)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are ligand-gated 
C)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are in a refractory period 
D)  voltage-gated ion channels are suppressed 
E)  the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are at their threshold potential

Question 9

The spaces between adjacent Schwann cells are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nodes of Ranvier 
B)  axon terminals 
C)  dendrites 
D)  intercalated discs 
E)  active gaps 
A)  nodes of Ranvier 
B)  axon terminals 
C)  dendrites 
D)  intercalated discs 
E)  active gaps

Question 10

Figure 39.1
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. At which point in this action potential diagram are many Na+activation gates open and K+activation gates closed?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 11

Which part of the neuron conducts the electrical signals away from the cell body of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon terminal 
B)  axon 
C)  axon hillock 
D)  nucleus 
E)  dendrites 
A)  axon terminal 
B)  axon 
C)  axon hillock 
D)  nucleus 
E)  dendrites

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: an IPSP, for example
occurs in a postsynaptic membrane when ligand-gated Cl- channels open
an EPSP, for example

Accepted Answer

The Answer of depolarization and repolarization and hyperpolarization is...

Question 13

The neurotransmitter receptor research of Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers showed that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Na+ 
B)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of K+ 
C)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Cl 
D)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Ca+ 
E)  the parts of a receptor binding a neurotransmitter and conducting ions function independently 
A)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Na+ 
B)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of K+ 
C)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Cl 
D)  neurotransmitters are dependent on the activity of Ca+ 
E)  the parts of a receptor binding a neurotransmitter and conducting ions function independently

Question 14

Approximately how many neurons comprise the human brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  100,000 
D)  75,000,000 
E)  86,000,000,000 
A)  1,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  100,000 
D)  75,000,000 
E)  86,000,000,000

Question 15

Which category of organic macromolecule allows myelinated sheaths to act as electrical insulators?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids 
D)  RNA 
E)  DNA 
A)  proteins 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids 
D)  RNA 
E)  DNA

Question 16

In vertebrates, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  can act as a direct neurotransmitter between neurons and muscle cells 
B)  is involved in memory and learning 
C)  can be released into the circulation and act as a hormone 
D)  can act as a pain reducer and initiate euphoria 
E)  is involved in pain perception 
A)  can act as a direct neurotransmitter between neurons and muscle cells 
B)  is involved in memory and learning 
C)  can be released into the circulation and act as a hormone 
D)  can act as a pain reducer and initiate euphoria 
E)  is involved in pain perception

Question 17

EPSPs can form due to the diffusion of Na+across a neuron plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In what type of neuron does the axon form many branches close to the cell body?

Accepted Answer

A)  projection neuron 
B)  dendritic tree 
C)  interneuron 
D)  motor neuron 
E)  astrocyte 
A)  projection neuron 
B)  dendritic tree 
C)  interneuron 
D)  motor neuron 
E)  astrocyte

Question 19

If the K+channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es) would be disrupted?

Accepted Answer

A)  repolarization 
B)  depolarization 
C)  hyperpolarization 
D)  repolarization and depolarization 
E)  repolarization and hyperpolarization 
A)  repolarization 
B)  depolarization 
C)  hyperpolarization 
D)  repolarization and depolarization 
E)  repolarization and hyperpolarization

Question 20

Whether a neurotransmitter is inhibitory or excitatory depends on the type of receptor it binds to on the postsynaptic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 39: Information Flow and the Neuron

Which glial cells serve as electrical insulators?

GABA can bind to metabotropic receptors .

Depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane occurs due to ____.

A toxin interferes with the opening of Na+channels in the postsynaptic membrane so they open more slowly when bound to a neurotransmitter. What effect would there be on action potential formation in the postsynaptic membrane?

Valium is a drug that causes voltage-gated Cl- channels to open. What effects would this cause in a postsynaptic membrane?

An abrupt and transient change in membrane potential is called a(n) ____.

Action potentials are propagated in a one-way direction down a neuronal plasma membrane because

The spaces between adjacent Schwann cells are called ____.

Figure 39.1 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. At which point in this action potential diagram are many Na+activation gates open and K+activation gates closed?

Which part of the neuron conducts the electrical signals away from the cell body of a neuron?

The neurotransmitter receptor research of Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers showed that ____.

Approximately how many neurons comprise the human brain?

Which category of organic macromolecule allows myelinated sheaths to act as electrical insulators?

In vertebrates, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ____.

EPSPs can form due to the diffusion of Na+across a neuron plasma membrane.

In what type of neuron does the axon form many branches close to the cell body?

If the K+channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es) would be disrupted?

Whether a neurotransmitter is inhibitory or excitatory depends on the type of receptor it binds to on the postsynaptic neuron.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

A toxin interferes with the opening of Na⁺channels in the postsynaptic membrane so they open more slowly when bound to a neurotransmitter. What effect would there be on action potential formation in the postsynaptic membrane?

Figure 39.1 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. At which point in this action potential diagram are many Na⁺activation gates open and K⁺activation gates closed?

^{The neurotransmitter receptor research of Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers showed that ____.}

EPSPs can form due to the diffusion of Na⁺across a neuron plasma membrane.

If the K⁺channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es) would be disrupted?