Question 1

When a fist clenches to grasp a pencil, which neurotransmitter is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

A)  norepinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  glutamate 
A)  norepinephrine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  dopamine 
D)  acetylcholine 
E)  glutamate

Question 2

What is(are) the name(s) for the thin, membrane-enclosed tubes that protrude from the neuron cell body and extend long distances away?

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve fibers 
B)  dendrites 
C)  axons 
D)  both dendrites and axons 
E)  all of these are correct 
A)  nerve fibers 
B)  dendrites 
C)  axons 
D)  both dendrites and axons 
E)  all of these are correct

Question 3

Assume a neuron receives EPSPs and IPSPs from several adjacent neurons. How might that neuron's threshold potential be reached, causing it to produce its own action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  if IPSPs outnumber EPSPs 
B)  if IPSPs equal EPSPs 
C)  if EPSPs outnumber IPSPs 
D)  if the adjacent neurons contain many axon terminals 
E)  if the receiving neuron contains many dendrites 
A)  if IPSPs outnumber EPSPs 
B)  if IPSPs equal EPSPs 
C)  if EPSPs outnumber IPSPs 
D)  if the adjacent neurons contain many axon terminals 
E)  if the receiving neuron contains many dendrites

Question 4

The duration of an action potential is approximately five ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  microseconds 
B)  milliseconds 
C)  centiseconds 
D)  seconds 
E)  nanoseconds 
A)  microseconds 
B)  milliseconds 
C)  centiseconds 
D)  seconds 
E)  nanoseconds

Question 5

If a drug binds irreversibly to a postsynaptic receptor to prevent the binding of an excitatory neurotransmitter, what is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased number of IPSPs 
B)  an increased number of EPSPs 
C)  a prolonged hyperpolarization 
D)  a decreased number of IPSPs 
E)  a decreased number of EPSPs 
A)  an increased number of IPSPs 
B)  an increased number of EPSPs 
C)  a prolonged hyperpolarization 
D)  a decreased number of IPSPs 
E)  a decreased number of EPSPs

Question 6

Action potential propagation is the fastest in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a myelinated axon with a small diameter 
B)  an unmyelinated axon with a small diameter 
C)  a myelinated axon with a large diameter 
D)  an unmyelinated axon with a large diameter 
E)  all myelinated axons regardless of diameter 
A)  a myelinated axon with a small diameter 
B)  an unmyelinated axon with a small diameter 
C)  a myelinated axon with a large diameter 
D)  an unmyelinated axon with a large diameter 
E)  all myelinated axons regardless of diameter

Question 7

When threshold potential is reached, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the activation gates of Na+channels open 
B)  the inactivation gates of Na+channels open 
C)  the activation gates of K+channels open 
D)  Na+/K+active transport pumps are activated 
A)  the activation gates of Na+channels open 
B)  the inactivation gates of Na+channels open 
C)  the activation gates of K+channels open 
D)  Na+/K+active transport pumps are activated

Question 8

In the context of the nervous system, what does the term "nucleus" mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cluster of EPSPs converging on an axonal hillock 
B)  a cluster of IPSPs converging on an axonal hillock 
C)  a cluster of axon terminals converging on a single neuron 
D)  a cluster of dendrites centralized on a single neuron 
E)  a cluster of neurons with a related function 
A)  a cluster of EPSPs converging on an axonal hillock 
B)  a cluster of IPSPs converging on an axonal hillock 
C)  a cluster of axon terminals converging on a single neuron 
D)  a cluster of dendrites centralized on a single neuron 
E)  a cluster of neurons with a related function

Exam 39: Information Flow and the Neuron

When a fist clenches to grasp a pencil, which neurotransmitter is most likely involved?

What is(are) the name(s) for the thin, membrane-enclosed tubes that protrude from the neuron cell body and extend long distances away?

Assume a neuron receives EPSPs and IPSPs from several adjacent neurons. How might that neuron's threshold potential be reached, causing it to produce its own action potential?

The duration of an action potential is approximately five ____.

If a drug binds irreversibly to a postsynaptic receptor to prevent the binding of an excitatory neurotransmitter, what is the most likely result?

Action potential propagation is the fastest in ____.

When threshold potential is reached, ____.

In the context of the nervous system, what does the term "nucleus" mean?

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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