Question 1

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a type of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI 
B)  PET scan 
C)  X-ray 
D)  sonogram 
E)  CT scan 
A)  MRI 
B)  PET scan 
C)  X-ray 
D)  sonogram 
E)  CT scan

Question 2

Which brain waves are emitted while dreaming?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha waves 
B)  beta waves 
C)  delta waves 
D)  gamma waves 
E)  theta waves 
A)  alpha waves 
B)  beta waves 
C)  delta waves 
D)  gamma waves 
E)  theta waves

Question 3

Radially symmetrical animals have loose meshes of neurons that are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve nets 
B)  brain nets 
C)  ganglia nets 
D)  nerve cords 
E)  sensory nets 
A)  nerve nets 
B)  brain nets 
C)  ganglia nets 
D)  nerve cords 
E)  sensory nets

Question 4

The parasympathetic ganglia are arranged in an orderly chain along the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In examining sex differences in the brains of male and female humans, researchers found that males had ____ connections between the two hemispheres of the cortex and ____ connections between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum than females.

Accepted Answer

A)  stronger; stronger 
B)  stronger; weaker 
C)  weaker; weaker 
D)  weaker; stronger 
E)  weaker; indistinguishable 
A)  stronger; stronger 
B)  stronger; weaker 
C)  weaker; weaker 
D)  weaker; stronger 
E)  weaker; indistinguishable

Question 6

Eric Kandel, who received a Nobel Prize for his discoveries in signal transduction pathways involved in memory, performed experiments on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pacific sea hares 
B)  sea anemones 
C)  sea stars 
D)  flatworms 
E)  Drosophila 
A)  Pacific sea hares 
B)  sea anemones 
C)  sea stars 
D)  flatworms 
E)  Drosophila

Question 7

During a fight, a boxer received a hard blow to the side of his head. As a result, the boxer was unable to recognize and interpret words. Which specific area of the brain must have been damaged during the fight?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cortex of the cerebellum 
B)  Broca ' s area 
C)  the corpus callosum 
D)  Wernicke ' s area 
E)  the brain stem 
A)  the cortex of the cerebellum 
B)  Broca ' s area 
C)  the corpus callosum 
D)  Wernicke ' s area 
E)  the brain stem

Question 8

A person suffers a stroke due to a blood clot that reduces blood flow in the brain. She is unable to speak, but is able to read and understand text. Which scenario best explains the damage caused by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cortex of the cerebellum was affected by the reduced blood flow. 
B)  The interruption in blood flow affected the corpus callosum. 
C)  The region of damage was responsible for integration of visual and auditory stimuli. 
D)  The reduced blood flow damaged Wernicke ' s area of the temporal lobe. 
E)  The reduced blood flow damaged Broca ' s area of the temporal lobe. 
A)  The cortex of the cerebellum was affected by the reduced blood flow. 
B)  The interruption in blood flow affected the corpus callosum. 
C)  The region of damage was responsible for integration of visual and auditory stimuli. 
D)  The reduced blood flow damaged Wernicke ' s area of the temporal lobe. 
E)  The reduced blood flow damaged Broca ' s area of the temporal lobe.

Question 9

Which region(s) of the adult brain is/are derived from the diencephalon?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum only 
B)  thalamus only 
C)  hypothalamus only 
D)  cerebrum and thalamus 
E)  thalamus and hypothalamus 
A)  cerebrum only 
B)  thalamus only 
C)  hypothalamus only 
D)  cerebrum and thalamus 
E)  thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 10

A patient has a stroke that leaves him unable to hear. Where is the most likely location of the brain damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic association cortex 
B)  prefrontal association cortex 
C)  Wernicke ' s area 
D)  temporal lobe 
E)  somatosensory cortex 
A)  limbic association cortex 
B)  prefrontal association cortex 
C)  Wernicke ' s area 
D)  temporal lobe 
E)  somatosensory cortex

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: spinal cord
brain
controls voluntary movement of muscles

Accepted Answer

The Answer of comprises two-neuron series with the presynaptic neuron is...

Question 12

If the protective coverings of the brain were damaged, the ____ would be damaged.

Accepted Answer

A)  ventricles 
B)  thalamus 
C)  medulla 
D)  meninges 
E)  reflexes 
A)  ventricles 
B)  thalamus 
C)  medulla 
D)  meninges 
E)  reflexes

Question 13

In humans, the amputation of a limb results in the loss of neurons in the brain due to the absence of its target cells. However, not all of these neurons are lost-some of them become rerouted and can establish connections with other neurons. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitization 
B)  plasticity 
C)  long-term potentiation 
D)  myelination 
E)  lateralization 
A)  sensitization 
B)  plasticity 
C)  long-term potentiation 
D)  myelination 
E)  lateralization

Question 14

An individual with a damaged cerebellum will have problems with balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In animals, the evolutionary development of bilateral symmetry is most associated with ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a brain 
B)  sensory neurons 
C)  ganglia 
D)  nerve nets 
E)  nerves 
A)  a brain 
B)  sensory neurons 
C)  ganglia 
D)  nerve nets 
E)  nerves

Question 16

A brain is associated with bilateral symmetry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which region(s) of the brain, present in a five-week-old embryo, is/are derived from the midbrain?

Accepted Answer

A)  telencephalon only 
B)  diencephalon only 
C)  mesencephalon only 
D)  telencephalon and diencephalon 
E)  telencephalon and mesencephalon 
A)  telencephalon only 
B)  diencephalon only 
C)  mesencephalon only 
D)  telencephalon and diencephalon 
E)  telencephalon and mesencephalon

Question 18

If the blood-brain barrier prevents toxic substances from getting into the central nervous system, how does alcohol most likely impair a person's judgment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol acts on the peripheral nervous system, which then activates neurons in the cortex that impair judgment. 
B)  Alcohol acts on the liver, creating toxins that can cross the blood-brain barrier, which then activate neurons in the cortex that impair judgment. 
C)  Alcohol decreases blood oxygen levels, which leads to impaired judgment. 
D)  Alcohol can bind to glucocorticoid transporters in the brain, which causes impaired judgment by binding to neurons in the cortex. 
E)  Because it is hydrophobic, alcohol can pass directly across the blood-brain barrier and cause impaired judgment by binding directly to neurons in the cortex. 
A)  Alcohol acts on the peripheral nervous system, which then activates neurons in the cortex that impair judgment. 
B)  Alcohol acts on the liver, creating toxins that can cross the blood-brain barrier, which then activate neurons in the cortex that impair judgment. 
C)  Alcohol decreases blood oxygen levels, which leads to impaired judgment. 
D)  Alcohol can bind to glucocorticoid transporters in the brain, which causes impaired judgment by binding to neurons in the cortex. 
E)  Because it is hydrophobic, alcohol can pass directly across the blood-brain barrier and cause impaired judgment by binding directly to neurons in the cortex.

Question 19

Chronic alcoholics often develop Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which is characterized by a number of different neurological symptoms, including ataxia (an abnormal gait). Which specific brain region is most likely responsible for this symptom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wernicke ʼ s area 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  prefrontal association cortex 
D)  amygdala 
E)  brain stem 
A)  Wernicke ʼ s area 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  prefrontal association cortex 
D)  amygdala 
E)  brain stem

Question 20

Memory is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the storage and retrieval of sensory or motor experience 
B)  the response to stimuli based on experiences 
C)  the awareness of ourselves and surroundings 
D)  voluntary 
E)  involuntary 
A)  the storage and retrieval of sensory or motor experience 
B)  the response to stimuli based on experiences 
C)  the awareness of ourselves and surroundings 
D)  voluntary 
E)  involuntary

Exam 40: Nervous Systems

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a type of ____.

Which brain waves are emitted while dreaming?

Radially symmetrical animals have loose meshes of neurons that are called ____.

The parasympathetic ganglia are arranged in an orderly chain along the spinal cord.

In examining sex differences in the brains of male and female humans, researchers found that males had ____ connections between the two hemispheres of the cortex and ____ connections between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum than females.

Eric Kandel, who received a Nobel Prize for his discoveries in signal transduction pathways involved in memory, performed experiments on ____.

During a fight, a boxer received a hard blow to the side of his head. As a result, the boxer was unable to recognize and interpret words. Which specific area of the brain must have been damaged during the fight?

A person suffers a stroke due to a blood clot that reduces blood flow in the brain. She is unable to speak, but is able to read and understand text. Which scenario best explains the damage caused by the stroke?

Which region(s) of the adult brain is/are derived from the diencephalon?

A patient has a stroke that leaves him unable to hear. Where is the most likely location of the brain damage?

If the protective coverings of the brain were damaged, the ____ would be damaged.

In humans, the amputation of a limb results in the loss of neurons in the brain due to the absence of its target cells. However, not all of these neurons are lost-some of them become rerouted and can establish connections with other neurons. What is this process called?

An individual with a damaged cerebellum will have problems with balance.

In animals, the evolutionary development of bilateral symmetry is most associated with ____.

A brain is associated with bilateral symmetry.

Which region(s) of the brain, present in a five-week-old embryo, is/are derived from the midbrain?

If the blood-brain barrier prevents toxic substances from getting into the central nervous system, how does alcohol most likely impair a person's judgment?

Chronic alcoholics often develop Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which is characterized by a number of different neurological symptoms, including ataxia (an abnormal gait). Which specific brain region is most likely responsible for this symptom?

Memory is ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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In examining sex differences in the brains of male and female humans, researchers found that males had connections between the two hemispheres of the cortex and connections between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum than females.