Question 1

An insect lays eggs inside another organism and the young consume the tissues of the living host.  This is an example of a____.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasite 
B)  fundamental niche 
C)  parasitoid 
D)  mutualist 
E)  carnivore 
A)  parasite 
B)  fundamental niche 
C)  parasitoid 
D)  mutualist 
E)  carnivore

Question 2

What is the effect of stress on a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants compete less with each other in stressful environments. 
B)  Plants compete more with each other in a stressful environments. 
C)    Only abiotic factors contribute to environmental stress. 
D)  Stressful environments brought about by humans do not affect populations. 
E)  Stressful environments brought about by nature do not affect populations. 
A)  Plants compete less with each other in stressful environments. 
B)  Plants compete more with each other in a stressful environments. 
C)    Only abiotic factors contribute to environmental stress. 
D)  Stressful environments brought about by humans do not affect populations. 
E)  Stressful environments brought about by nature do not affect populations.

Question 3

A climax community is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  relatively stable 
B)  a result of primary succession only 
C)  a result of secondary succession only 
D)  defined by high species diversity 
E)  dominated by r -selected species 
A)  relatively stable 
B)  a result of primary succession only 
C)  a result of secondary succession only 
D)  defined by high species diversity 
E)  dominated by r -selected species

Question 4

What role do bees play in the interaction between cowbirds and oropendola birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  keep away large predators 
B)  keep away insect pests 
C)  pollinate species that only cowbirds prefer 
D)  pollinate species that only oropendola birds prefer 
E)  have no effect on the relationship between cowbirds and oropendolas 
A)  keep away large predators 
B)  keep away insect pests 
C)  pollinate species that only cowbirds prefer 
D)  pollinate species that only oropendola birds prefer 
E)  have no effect on the relationship between cowbirds and oropendolas

Question 5

Two snakes that have similar bright color patterns are exhibit aposematic coloration .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Discuss two hypotheses that attempt to explain the high species richness in the tropics.

Accepted Answer

An ecological hypothesis is based on the

Question 7

In 1935, the cane toad was introduced to Australia to control insect pests. Its population has since grown to 2 million, mostly due to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  herbivory of sugar cane 
B)  the absence of competing species or natural predators 
C)  its mutually beneficial relationship with some native species 
D)  parasitism of sugar cane 
E)  it only occupies a small niche environment 
A)  herbivory of sugar cane 
B)  the absence of competing species or natural predators 
C)  its mutually beneficial relationship with some native species 
D)  parasitism of sugar cane 
E)  it only occupies a small niche environment

Question 8

Community structure is a result of ____ interactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  atypical 
B)  factorial 
C)  only positive 
D)  only negative 
E)  positive and negative 
A)  atypical 
B)  factorial 
C)  only positive 
D)  only negative 
E)  positive and negative

Question 9

The species-area effect for island habits is greater than that for contiguous habitats because

Accepted Answer

A)  colonization rates are higher and extinction rates are lower in contiguous habitats than islands 
B)  extinction rates are higher in contiguous habitats 
C)  all islands have low species richness 
D)  large islands have lower species richness than contiguous habitats 
E)  immigration cannot be measured in contiguous habitats 
A)  colonization rates are higher and extinction rates are lower in contiguous habitats than islands 
B)  extinction rates are higher in contiguous habitats 
C)  all islands have low species richness 
D)  large islands have lower species richness than contiguous habitats 
E)  immigration cannot be measured in contiguous habitats

Question 10

Two species utilizing the same food source is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  coevolution 
B)  mimicry 
C)  interference competition 
D)  exploitative competition 
E)  mutualism 
A)  coevolution 
B)  mimicry 
C)  interference competition 
D)  exploitative competition 
E)  mutualism

Question 11

The individualistic view of communities proposed by ____ is supported by data showing that species compositions change gradually across environmental gradients.

Accepted Answer

A)  Clements 
B)  Gleason 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Whitaker 
E)  Connell 
A)  Clements 
B)  Gleason 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Whitaker 
E)  Connell

Question 12

Tertiary consumers feed directly on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivores 
B)  producers 
C)  herbivores 
D)  parasites 
E)  decomposers 
A)  carnivores 
B)  producers 
C)  herbivores 
D)  parasites 
E)  decomposers

Question 13

Which trophic level would be best represented by saprophytic fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  decomposer 
B)  detritivore 
C)  primary consumer 
D)  primary producer 
E)  secondary consumer 
A)  decomposer 
B)  detritivore 
C)  primary consumer 
D)  primary producer 
E)  secondary consumer

Question 14

In general, species richness follows a longitudinal gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Who believed that once a mature community was established, its species composition was at equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clements 
B)  Gleason 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Whittaker 
E)  Connell 
A)  Clements 
B)  Gleason 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Whittaker 
E)  Connell

Question 16

What is an ecotone?

Accepted Answer

A)  a parasite that is external to the body 
B)  a parasite that is internal to the body 
C)  an example of an individualistic hypothesis 
D)  a zone between two communities 
E)  the combination of species in an environment that is constant 
A)  a parasite that is external to the body 
B)  a parasite that is internal to the body 
C)  an example of an individualistic hypothesis 
D)  a zone between two communities 
E)  the combination of species in an environment that is constant

Question 17

If cowbird eggs are laid in an oropendola nest in the open woodlands of Central America, what would be the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cowbird eggs would be ejected from the nest to eliminate the competition. 
B)  The cowbird eggs would be ejected from the nest due to a reaction of the mother bird's immune system. 
C)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide an additional food source. 
D)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide protection from large predators. 
E)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide protection from parasites. 
A)  The cowbird eggs would be ejected from the nest to eliminate the competition. 
B)  The cowbird eggs would be ejected from the nest due to a reaction of the mother bird's immune system. 
C)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide an additional food source. 
D)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide protection from large predators. 
E)  The cowbird eggs would not be ejected from the nest because they provide protection from parasites.

Question 18

The colonization of Glacier Bay, Alaska by lichen and mosses allowed the growth on the mountain avens, a(n) ____ species.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen-fixing 
B)  predator 
C)  keystone 
D)  K -selected 
E)  r -selected 
A)  nitrogen-fixing 
B)  predator 
C)  keystone 
D)  K -selected 
E)  r -selected

Question 19

A panda bear that consumes a diet primarily of eucalyptus leaves is a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  generalist and a carnivore 
B)  generalist and an herbivore 
C)  specialist and a carnivore 
D)  specialist and a generalist 
E)  specialist and an herbivore 
A)  generalist and a carnivore 
B)  generalist and an herbivore 
C)  specialist and a carnivore 
D)  specialist and a generalist 
E)  specialist and an herbivore

Question 20

A cinereous mourner bird's chicks resemble the poisonous larvae of flannel moths. This is an example of____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aposematic coloration 
B)  Müllerian mimicry 
C)  competitive exclusion principle 
D)  cryptic coloration 
E)  Batesian mimicry 
A)  aposematic coloration 
B)  Müllerian mimicry 
C)  competitive exclusion principle 
D)  cryptic coloration 
E)  Batesian mimicry

Exam 53: Population Interactions and Community Ecology

An insect lays eggs inside another organism and the young consume the tissues of the living host. This is an example of a____.

What is the effect of stress on a population?

A climax community is ____.

What role do bees play in the interaction between cowbirds and oropendola birds?

Two snakes that have similar bright color patterns are exhibit aposematic coloration .

Discuss two hypotheses that attempt to explain the high species richness in the tropics.

In 1935, the cane toad was introduced to Australia to control insect pests. Its population has since grown to 2 million, mostly due to ____.

Community structure is a result of ____ interactions.

The species-area effect for island habits is greater than that for contiguous habitats because

Two species utilizing the same food source is an example of ____.

The individualistic view of communities proposed by ____ is supported by data showing that species compositions change gradually across environmental gradients.

Tertiary consumers feed directly on _____.

Which trophic level would be best represented by saprophytic fungi?

In general, species richness follows a longitudinal gradient.

Who believed that once a mature community was established, its species composition was at equilibrium?

What is an ecotone?

If cowbird eggs are laid in an oropendola nest in the open woodlands of Central America, what would be the expected outcome?

The colonization of Glacier Bay, Alaska by lichen and mosses allowed the growth on the mountain avens, a(n) ____ species.

A panda bear that consumes a diet primarily of eucalyptus leaves is a ____.

A cinereous mourner bird's chicks resemble the poisonous larvae of flannel moths. This is an example of____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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