Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

A prokaryote that obtains carbon and energy by ingesting prey is a(n) ________.

A bacterium was grown in two test tubes filled with media rich in glucose. One tube was sealed to produce anaerobic conditions, and the other was not. A third uninoculated, unsealed tube was used as a control. Glucose utilization by this bacterium causes acid production, which is indicated by a lightening of the media color. If the bacterium is able to produce ATP only by aerobic respiration, we expect lightening of media in ________.

The purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum grows best as a photoheterotroph. What are the most favorable sources of energy and carbon for this bacterium?

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use methane (CH4) as an electron donor and oxygen (O2) as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

An organic solvent widely used in industrial processes, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), is a major environmental pollutant affecting human health and damaging the ozone layer. Recently, researchers isolated the first bacteria able to degrade TCA. They found that the bacteria use hydrogen as an electron donor, TCA as an electron acceptor, and acetate as a carbon source. Based on the preceding information, deduce the method used to isolate these bacteria.

Microbiologists use the Gram stain to aid in the identification of bacteria. What is the major difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Plantlike photosynthesis that releases oxygen (O2) occurs in ________.

A prokaryote that obtains energy from light is a(n) ________.

You have found a new prokaryote. What line of evidence would support your hypothesis that the organism is a cyanobacterium?

Some researchers have begun attempting to clean up oil spills by adding nonindigenous microbial hydrocarbon degraders to the spill, in the hope that these bacteria will neutralize the dangerous chemicals in the spill. This is an example of ________.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibit the growth of most intestinal bacteria. Consequently, assuming that nothing is done to counter the reduction of intestinal bacteria, a hospital patient who is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics is most likely to become ________.

Which of the following describe all existing bacteria?

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms require high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and carbon dioxide. What is the name for this process?

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for finding out?