Exam 17: Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

-The figure associated with this question represents a tRNA that recognizes and binds a particular amino acid (in this instance, phenylalanine). Which codon on the mRNA strand codes for this amino acid?

-The tRNA shown with the previous question has its 3' end projecting beyond its 5' end. What will occur at this 3' end?

What ensures that the correct amino acid is added during translation?

How does termination of translation take place?

In comparing DNA replication with RNA transcription in the same eukaryotic cell, only DNA replication ________.

There should be a strong positive correlation between the rate of protein synthesis and ________.

Translation requires ________.

In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for a globin protein?

Ribosomes can attach to prokaryotic messenger RNA ________.

There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that ________.

In E. coli, if RNA polymerase is missing ________, then transcription initiation would not occur at the appropriate initiation sites.

Death cap mushrooms produce a substance called alpha-amanitin. Alpha-amanitin efficiently blocks synthesis of mRNA, but not of tRNA or rRNA, in eukaryotic organisms. This is possible because alpha-amanitin efficiently interferes with ________.

Some viruses can be crystallized and their structures analyzed. One such virus is yellow mottle virus, which infects beans. This virus has a single-stranded RNA genome containing about 6300 nucleotides. Its capsid is 25-30 nm in diameter and contains 180 identical capsomeres. If the yellow mottle virus begins its infection of a cell by using its genome as mRNA, which of the following would you expect to be able to measure?

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

Which one of the following statements about RNA processing is TRUE?

Which of the following processes is central to the initiation of transcription in bacteria?

A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is ________.

Translation directly involves ________.

-In the figure associated with this question, what is the function of the AGU on the loop of the tRNA?

Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the ________.