Question 1

In the elementary-school years, all of the following areas of self-esteem stand out EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional stability. 
B)  physical appearance. 
C)  scholastic competence. 
D)  social competence. 
A)  emotional stability. 
B)  physical appearance. 
C)  scholastic competence. 
D)  social competence.

Question 2

Rina's self-concept includes mention of emotions, social groups to which she belongs, and comparisons of herself to others. How old is Rina?

Accepted Answer

A)  three years old 
B)  eight years old 
C)  13 years old 
D)  17 years old 
A)  three years old 
B)  eight years old 
C)  13 years old 
D)  17 years old

Question 3

The process of integrating into and adopting the customs of a different culture is called

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnic identity. 
B)  acculturation. 
C)  multiculturalism. 
D)  ethnic crystallization. 
A)  ethnic identity. 
B)  acculturation. 
C)  multiculturalism. 
D)  ethnic crystallization.

Question 4

Which factor accounts for some of the decrease in self-esteem seen during the elementary school years?

Accepted Answer

A)  parents setting more rules 
B)  children beginning to compare themselves with peers 
C)  teachers becoming more involved with students 
D)  a school emphasis on individualized instruction 
A)  parents setting more rules 
B)  children beginning to compare themselves with peers 
C)  teachers becoming more involved with students 
D)  a school emphasis on individualized instruction

Question 5

Which of the following statements about parent-child relations during adolescence is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parent-adolescent relations can be accurately summed up as being full of storm-and-stress. 
B)  Parent-adolescent relationships become more egalitarian throughout adolescence. 
C)  Parents and adolescents continue to spend the same amount of time together as they did when the adolescent was a child. 
D)  Adolescents show their parents more affection than they did as children. 
A)  Parent-adolescent relations can be accurately summed up as being full of storm-and-stress. 
B)  Parent-adolescent relationships become more egalitarian throughout adolescence. 
C)  Parents and adolescents continue to spend the same amount of time together as they did when the adolescent was a child. 
D)  Adolescents show their parents more affection than they did as children.

Question 6

When gifted students are placed in special classes for gifted students, their self-esteem

Accepted Answer

A)  often decreases. 
B)  often increases. 
C)  is not usually affected 
D)  usually changes, but may either increase or decrease. 
A)  often decreases. 
B)  often increases. 
C)  is not usually affected 
D)  usually changes, but may either increase or decrease.

Question 7

The self-absorption characteristic of the teen-age search for identity is called

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  theory of mind. 
C)  adolescent egocentrism. 
D)  specification. 
A)  diffusion. 
B)  theory of mind. 
C)  adolescent egocentrism. 
D)  specification.

Question 8

An individual's self-esteem

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes more differentiated with age. 
B)  tends to be at similar levels across different domains. 
C)  is usually highest during the junior high school years. 
D)  is not affected by how others view them. 
A)  becomes more differentiated with age. 
B)  tends to be at similar levels across different domains. 
C)  is usually highest during the junior high school years. 
D)  is not affected by how others view them.

Question 9

Bigler & Liben's (2007) findings support the idea that bias and prejudice are by-products of

Accepted Answer

A)  their parents' belief systems. 
B)  underlying hostility. 
C)  children's efforts to determine the features in an environment that distinguish different groups. 
D)  group conflict. 
A)  their parents' belief systems. 
B)  underlying hostility. 
C)  children's efforts to determine the features in an environment that distinguish different groups. 
D)  group conflict.

Question 10

Sixteen-year-old Edward is sexually active but doesn't practice safe sex. He thinks becoming infected with AIDS is something that would happen to other people, but not to him. Which of the following concepts best explains Edward's belief?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothetical reasoning 
B)  the personal fable 
C)  the imaginary audience 
D)  the illusion of invulnerability 
A)  hypothetical reasoning 
B)  the personal fable 
C)  the imaginary audience 
D)  the illusion of invulnerability

Question 11

Most adolescents report that they

Accepted Answer

A)  do not love their parents. 
B)  do not ask their parents for advice. 
C)  embrace many of their parents' values. 
D)  feel unloved by their parents. 
A)  do not love their parents. 
B)  do not ask their parents for advice. 
C)  embrace many of their parents' values. 
D)  feel unloved by their parents.

Question 12

As children mature, their descriptions of others

Accepted Answer

A)  become more concrete. 
B)  are more likely to include psychological traits. 
C)  become simpler. 
D)  are more likely to include references to possessions. 
A)  become more concrete. 
B)  are more likely to include psychological traits. 
C)  become simpler. 
D)  are more likely to include references to possessions.

Question 13

Adolescents who have achieved a strong ethnic identity

Accepted Answer

A)  have lower self-esteem. 
B)  find interactions with family and friends less satisfying. 
C)  do poorly in school. 
D)  have parents who encouraged them to explore alternative identities. 
A)  have lower self-esteem. 
B)  find interactions with family and friends less satisfying. 
C)  do poorly in school. 
D)  have parents who encouraged them to explore alternative identities.

Question 14

Adolescents who have achieved an ethnic identity

Accepted Answer

A)  are more likely to go to college. 
B)  worry more. 
C)  find interactions with peers more frustrating. 
D)  are more likely to have parents who downplay their cultural heritage. 
A)  are more likely to go to college. 
B)  worry more. 
C)  find interactions with peers more frustrating. 
D)  are more likely to have parents who downplay their cultural heritage.

Question 15

When parents set rules with little justification and enforce them without explanation, children are more likely to remain in Marcia's _____________ status.

Accepted Answer

A)  foreclosure 
B)  diffusion 
C)  moratorium 
D)  achievement 
A)  foreclosure 
B)  diffusion 
C)  moratorium 
D)  achievement

Question 16

Which gifted student's self-esteem is most likely to suffer if she is placed in a class for gifted students?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blythe, who is very intent on mastering challenging academic material 
B)  Stacey, who values being at the top of the class 
C)  Holly, whose gifted classroom emphasizes individualized work 
D)  Blythe, Stacey, and Holly are equally likely to suffer a drop in self-esteem 
A)  Blythe, who is very intent on mastering challenging academic material 
B)  Stacey, who values being at the top of the class 
C)  Holly, whose gifted classroom emphasizes individualized work 
D)  Blythe, Stacey, and Holly are equally likely to suffer a drop in self-esteem

Question 17

Courtney loves the way she looks, especially her long, thick hair and big, dark brown eyes. Courtney's self-worth is high in the domain of

Accepted Answer

A)  athletic competence. 
B)  physical appearance. 
C)  social acceptance. 
D)  behavioural conduct. 
A)  athletic competence. 
B)  physical appearance. 
C)  social acceptance. 
D)  behavioural conduct.

Question 18

Fifteen-year-old Gerald realizes that a third person's perspective is influenced by broader personal, social, and cultural contexts. Gerald is in Selman's ________ stage of perspective-taking.

Accepted Answer

A)  social-informational 
B)  self-reflective 
C)  societal 
D)  third-person 
A)  social-informational 
B)  self-reflective 
C)  societal 
D)  third-person

Question 19

By the end of the elementary-school years, children's self-esteem has usually stabilized because

Accepted Answer

A)  children at that age have established an ethnic identity. 
B)  children at that age have not yet started comparing themselves to others. 
C)  children have learned their place in the "pecking order." 
D)  children at that age believe that they are consistently above average. 
A)  children at that age have established an ethnic identity. 
B)  children at that age have not yet started comparing themselves to others. 
C)  children have learned their place in the "pecking order." 
D)  children at that age believe that they are consistently above average.

Question 20

Stella is a depressed adolescent. She is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  blame others for her failures. 
B)  have reduced levels of some neurotransmitters. 
C)  not find psychotherapy a successful way to treat her depression. 
D)  experience long-lasting treatment effects through short-term drug therapy. 
A)  blame others for her failures. 
B)  have reduced levels of some neurotransmitters. 
C)  not find psychotherapy a successful way to treat her depression. 
D)  experience long-lasting treatment effects through short-term drug therapy.

Exam 11: B: Understanding Self and Others

In the elementary-school years, all of the following areas of self-esteem stand out EXCEPT

Rina's self-concept includes mention of emotions, social groups to which she belongs, and comparisons of herself to others. How old is Rina?

The process of integrating into and adopting the customs of a different culture is called

Which factor accounts for some of the decrease in self-esteem seen during the elementary school years?

Which of the following statements about parent-child relations during adolescence is true?

When gifted students are placed in special classes for gifted students, their self-esteem

The self-absorption characteristic of the teen-age search for identity is called

An individual's self-esteem

Bigler & Liben's (2007) findings support the idea that bias and prejudice are by-products of

Sixteen-year-old Edward is sexually active but doesn't practice safe sex. He thinks becoming infected with AIDS is something that would happen to other people, but not to him. Which of the following concepts best explains Edward's belief?

Most adolescents report that they

As children mature, their descriptions of others

Adolescents who have achieved a strong ethnic identity

Adolescents who have achieved an ethnic identity

When parents set rules with little justification and enforce them without explanation, children are more likely to remain in Marcia's _____________ status.

Which gifted student's self-esteem is most likely to suffer if she is placed in a class for gifted students?

Courtney loves the way she looks, especially her long, thick hair and big, dark brown eyes. Courtney's self-worth is high in the domain of

Fifteen-year-old Gerald realizes that a third person's perspective is influenced by broader personal, social, and cultural contexts. Gerald is in Selman's ________ stage of perspective-taking.

By the end of the elementary-school years, children's self-esteem has usually stabilized because

Stella is a depressed adolescent. She is likely to

A: The Science of Child Development

B: The Science of Child Development

C: The Science of Child Development

A: Genetic Bases of Child Development

B: Genetic Bases of Child Development

C: Genetic Bases of Child Development

A: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

B: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

C: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

A: Growth and Health

B: Growth and Health

C: Growth and Health

A: Perceptual and Motor Development

B: Perceptual and Motor Development

C: Perceptual and Motor Development

A: Theories of Cognitive Development

B: Theories of Cognitive Development

C: Theories of Cognitive Development

A: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

B: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

C: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

A: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

B: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

C: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

A: Language and Communication

B: Language and Communication

C: Language and Communication

A: Emotional Development

B: Emotional Development

C: Emotional Development

A: Understanding Self and Others

C: Understanding Self and Others

A: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

B: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

C: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

A: Gender and Development

B: Gender and Development

C: Gender and Development

A: Social Influences

A2: Social Influences

B: Social Influences

B2: Social Influences

C: Social Influences

C2: Social Influences

Filters