Exam 4: Seciton 4: Beginnings: Parental Development and Birth

Couvade is when the zygote embeds itself into the lining of the uterus.

The rooting reflex helps a newborn infant find a nipple.

Teratogens increase the risk of harm but do not always cause damage.

Prenatal development follows a cephalocaudal and a proximodistal pattern.

Home births are more common in European nations than in the United States.

About 20 percent of all children have difficulties that could be connected to behavioral teratogens.

The first two weeks of prenatal development are called the fetal period.

Genes can influence the effects of teratogens.

A "small for gestational age" baby means the same as an "underweight preterm" newborn.

The last months of prenatal development are a critical period for body formation.

Low birthweight is defined as a newborn that weighs less than 2,500 grams.

Between 8 and 15 percent of all women experience postpartum depression in the days and weeks after giving birth.

Behavioral teratogens cause physical defects and brain abnormalities.

Doulas have been shown to have little benefit in helping women during the birth process.

The rate of both cesarean sections and induced labor is declining worldwide.

A threshold effect means that some teratogens are virtually harmless until exposure reaches a certain level, at which point they become damaging.

Every person starts life as a single cell called an embryo.

Birth-related complications are more likely when there is a father listed on the birth record.

A newborn's cry is assessed when assigning an Apgar score.

The status of the fetus, but not the status of the mother, is associated with birth complications.