Exam 21: Seciton 4: Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Abstract thinking and speed of thinking are some of the mental abilities that make up fluid intelligence.

Expertise always overcomes the effects of age.

It is unfair and scientifically invalid to compare IQ scores of a cross-section to learn about age-related changes.

For most people, intelligence early in life predicts more education, more income, and a longer life.

Cognitive ability in adulthood does not increase for those with challenging work.

KIDI measures how much caregivers know about infant senses, motor skills, and communication.

Schaie found that scores on tests of practical intelligence were steadier than the scores on other kinds of tests from age 20 to 70.

The best coping strategy in every stressful situation is always emotion-focused coping.

Hundreds of cross-sectional studies of IQ in many nations confirmed that older adults outscored younger adults.

Cohort differences are among the factors that account for age-related variation in adult intelligence.

Practical intelligence is prized if life circumstances change and new challenges arise.

The Flynn effect refers to an individual's increasing intelligence with age and experience.

Adults used selective optimization with compensation to become experts in their field.

In adults, crystallized intelligence tends to increase with age while fluid intelligence decreases with age.

For most people throughout adulthood, both fluid and crystallized intelligence increase with age.

In adulthood, only a select number of previously developed abilities can be enhanced or diminished.

Multitasking, an example of selective optimization, becomes more difficult with every passing decade.

New data on the Flynn effect finds that generational increases have sped up in developing nations.

Cultures vary in what they believe about infant development.

Crystallized intelligence allows an individual to demonstrate the immediate recall of nonsense words.