Exam 17: From Gene to Protein

Use the following information to answer the next few questions. A transfer RNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome. The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) in the ribosome already. -Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?

What is a ribozyme?

In comparing DNA replication with RNA transcription in the same cell, which of the following is true only of replication?

Accuracy in the translation of mRNA into the primary structure of a polypeptide depends on specificity in the

-The figure represents tRNA that recognizes and binds a particular amino acid (in this instance, phenylalanine). Which codon on the mRNA strand codes for this amino acid?

Garrod's information about the enzyme alteration resulting in alkaptonuria led to further elucidation of the same pathway in humans. Phenylketonuria (PKU)occurs when another enzyme in the pathway is altered or missing, resulting in a failure of phenylalanine (phe)to be metabolized to another amino acid: tyrosine. Tyrosine is an earlier substrate in the pathway altered in alkaptonuria. How might PKU affect the presence or absence of alkaptonuria?

Which of the following DNA mutations is the most likely to be damaging to the protein it specifies?

Gene expression in the domain Archaea in part resembles that of bacteria and in part that of the domain Eukarya. In which way is it most like the domain Eukarya?

There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that

The "universal" genetic code is now known to have exceptions. Evidence for this can be found if which of the following is true?

Which of the following provides some evidence that RNA probably evolved before DNA?

What is the function of the release factor (RF)?

Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?

When the function of the newly made polypeptide is to be secreted from the cell where it has been made, what must occur?

Which of the following is a function of a signal peptide?

Use the following information to answer the next few questions. A transfer RNA (#1) attached to the amino acid lysine enters the ribosome. The lysine binds to the growing polypeptide on the other tRNA (#2) in the ribosome already. -Which of the following is not true of a codon?

What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene?

If a protein is coded for by a single gene and this protein has six clearly defined domains, which number of exons below is the gene likely to have?

Which of the following is a function of a poly-A signal sequence?

The following questions refer to this table of codons. -A possible sequence of nucleotides in the template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence phe-leu-ile-val would be