Question 1

Cutting down rain forests can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased temperatures. 
B)  decreased rainfall. 
C)  decreased atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
D)  increased biodiversity. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  decreased temperatures. 
B)  decreased rainfall. 
C)  decreased atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
D)  increased biodiversity. 
E)  more than one of these. B

Question 2

A botanist discovers a new species of land plant with a dominant sporophyte, chlorophylls a and b, and cell walls made of cellulose. In assigning this plant to a phylum, which of the following, if present, would be least useful?

Accepted Answer

A)  endosperm 
B)  seeds 
C)  sperm that lack flagella 
D)  flowers 
E)  spores 
A)  endosperm 
B)  seeds 
C)  sperm that lack flagella 
D)  flowers 
E)  spores E

Question 3

Harold and Kumar are pre-med and pre-pharmacy students, respectively. They complain to their biology professor that they should not have to study about plants because plants have little relevance to their chosen professions.
-Which adaptation(s)of land plants is (are)likely to provide Harold with future patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  sporophyte dominance 
B)  defenses against herbivory 
C)  those for using wind to disperse male gametophytes 
D)  All three of the responses above are potentially medically significant. 
E)  Two of the responses above are potentially medically significant. 
A)  sporophyte dominance 
B)  defenses against herbivory 
C)  those for using wind to disperse male gametophytes 
D)  All three of the responses above are potentially medically significant. 
E)  Two of the responses above are potentially medically significant. E

Question 4

Which of the following are structures of angiosperm gametophytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  immature ovules 
B)  pollen tubes 
C)  ovaries 
D)  stamens 
E)  sepals 
A)  immature ovules 
B)  pollen tubes 
C)  ovaries 
D)  stamens 
E)  sepals

Question 5

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues.
-How many chromosomes should be in a tube cell nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  24 
E)  32

Question 6

The agouti is most directly involved with the Brazil nut tree's dispersal of

Accepted Answer

A)  male gametophytes. 
B)  female gametophytes. 
C)  sporophyte embryos. 
D)  sporophyte megaspores. 
E)  female gametes. 
A)  male gametophytes. 
B)  female gametophytes. 
C)  sporophyte embryos. 
D)  sporophyte megaspores. 
E)  female gametes.

Question 7

The seeds of orchids are among the smallest known, with virtually no endosperm and with miniscule seed leaves. Consequently, what should one expect to be true of such seeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  They require extensive periods of dormancy during which the embryo develops. 
B)  They are surrounded by brightly colored, sweet fruit. 
C)  They germinate very soon after being released from the ovary. 
D)  The developing embryo within is dependent upon the gametophyte for nutrition. 
E)  The sporophytes that produce such seeds are wind-pollinated. 
A)  They require extensive periods of dormancy during which the embryo develops. 
B)  They are surrounded by brightly colored, sweet fruit. 
C)  They germinate very soon after being released from the ovary. 
D)  The developing embryo within is dependent upon the gametophyte for nutrition. 
E)  The sporophytes that produce such seeds are wind-pollinated.

Question 8

Gymnosperms and angiosperms have the following in common except

Accepted Answer

A)  seeds. 
B)  pollen. 
C)  vascular tissue. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  ovules. 
A)  seeds. 
B)  pollen. 
C)  vascular tissue. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  ovules.

Question 9

The next few questions refer to the following description. Match the animal features with the appropriate angiosperm analog.
Oviparous (egg-laying) animals have internal fertilization (sperm cells encounter eggs within the female's body). Yolk and/or albumen is (are) provided to the embryo, and a shell is then deposited around the embryo and its food source. Eggs are subsequently deposited in an environment that promotes their further development, or are incubated by one or both parents.
-The yolk and/or albumen of an animal egg is what type of angiosperm analog?

Accepted Answer

A)  endosperm 
B)  pollen tube and sperm nuclei 
C)  carpels 
D)  fruit 
E)  integuments 
A)  endosperm 
B)  pollen tube and sperm nuclei 
C)  carpels 
D)  fruit 
E)  integuments

Question 10

In terms of alternation of generations, the internal parts of the pollen grains of seed-producing plants are most similar to a

Accepted Answer

A)  moss sporophyte. 
B)  moss gametophyte bearing both male and female gametangia. 
C)  fern sporophyte. 
D)  hermaphroditic fern gametophyte. 
E)  fern gametophyte bearing only antheridia. 
A)  moss sporophyte. 
B)  moss gametophyte bearing both male and female gametangia. 
C)  fern sporophyte. 
D)  hermaphroditic fern gametophyte. 
E)  fern gametophyte bearing only antheridia.

Question 11

Angiosperms are the most successful terrestrial plants. Which of the following features is unique to them and helps account for their success?

Accepted Answer

A)  wind pollination 
B)  dominant gametophytes 
C)  fruits enclosing seeds 
D)  embryos enclosed within seed coats 
E)  sperm cells without flagella 
A)  wind pollination 
B)  dominant gametophytes 
C)  fruits enclosing seeds 
D)  embryos enclosed within seed coats 
E)  sperm cells without flagella

Question 12

With respect to angiosperms, which of the following is incorrectly paired with its chromosome count?

Accepted Answer

A)  egg-n 
B)  megaspore-2n 
C)  microspore-n 
D)  zygote-2n 
E)  sperm-n 
A)  egg-n 
B)  megaspore-2n 
C)  microspore-n 
D)  zygote-2n 
E)  sperm-n

Question 13

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the fruit?

Accepted Answer

A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte 
A)  male gametophyte 
B)  female gametophyte 
C)  male sporophyte 
D)  female sporophyte

Question 14

The taller a Brazil nut tree is,
1)the more valuable it is as a source of lumber.
2)the less useful it is to harpy eagles.
3)the greater its photosynthetic rate relative to neighboring plants.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 3 
A)  1 only 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 3

Question 15

The Brazil nut tree, Bertholletia excels (n = 17), is native to tropical rain forests of South America. It is a hardwood tree that can grow to over 50 meters, is a source of high-quality lumber, and is a favorite nesting site for harpy eagles. As the rainy season ends, tough-walled fruits, each containing 8-25 seeds (Brazil nuts), fall to the forest floor. About $50 million worth of nuts are harvested each year. Scientists have discovered that the pale yellow, self-incompatible flowers of Brazil nut trees admit only female orchid bees as pollinators.
-The agouti (Dasyprocta spp.), a cat-sized rodent, is the only animal with teeth strong enough to crack the hard wall of Brazil nut fruits. It typically eats some of the seeds, buries others, and leaves still others behind inside the fruit, which moisture can now enter. The uneaten seeds may subsequently germinate. Consequently, which terms describe the relationship between the Brazil nut tree and the agouti?
1)parasitic
2)commensalistic
3)symbiotic
4)endosymbiotic
5)mutualistic

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  2 and 5 
D)  3 and 5 
E)  4 and 5 
A)  1 and 3 
B)  2 and 4 
C)  2 and 5 
D)  3 and 5 
E)  4 and 5

Question 16

Suppose that the cells of seed plants, like the skin cells of humans, produce a pigment upon increased exposure to UV radiation. Rank the following cells, from greatest to least, in terms of the likelihood of producing this pigment.
1)cells of sporangium
2)cells in the interior of a subterranean root
3)epidermal cells of sporophyte megaphylls
4)cells of a gametophyte

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 4, 1, 2 
B)  3, 4, 2, 1 
C)  3, 1, 4, 2 
D)  3, 2, 1, 4 
E)  3, 1, 2, 4 
A)  3, 4, 1, 2 
B)  3, 4, 2, 1 
C)  3, 1, 4, 2 
D)  3, 2, 1, 4 
E)  3, 1, 2, 4

Question 17

If a female orchid bee has just left a Brazil nut tree with nectar in her stomach, and if she visits another flower on a different Brazil nut tree, what is the sequence in which the following events should occur?
1)double fertilization
2)pollen tube emerges from pollen grain
3)pollen tube enters micropyle
4)pollination

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 2, 3, 1 
B)  4, 2, 1, 3 
C)  4, 3, 2, 1 
D)  2, 4, 3, 1 
E)  2, 4, 1, 3 
A)  4, 2, 3, 1 
B)  4, 2, 1, 3 
C)  4, 3, 2, 1 
D)  2, 4, 3, 1 
E)  2, 4, 1, 3

Question 18

Which of the following flower parts develops into a seed?

Accepted Answer

A)  ovule 
B)  ovary 
C)  fruit 
D)  stamen 
A)  ovule 
B)  ovary 
C)  fruit 
D)  stamen

Question 19

The following questions refer to the generalized life cycle for land plants shown in Figure 30.1. Each number within a circle or square represents a specific plant or plant part, and each number over an arrow represents either meiosis, mitosis, or fertilization.
   
Figure 30.1
-The embryo sac of an angiosperm flower is best represented by which number in Figure 30.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  11 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  7 
D)  9 
E)  11

Question 20

The same bees that pollinate the flowers of the Brazil nut trees pollinate orchids, which are epiphytes (in other words, plants that grow on other plants); however, orchids cannot grow on Brazil nut trees. These observations explain

Accepted Answer

A)  the coevolution of Brazil nut trees and orchids. 
B)  why Brazil nut trees do not set fruit in plantations. 
C)  why male orchid bees do not pollinate Brazil nut tree flowers. 
D)  why male orchid bees are smaller than female orchid bees. 
E)  the importance of orchid and Brazil nut tree flowers for the production of orchid bee honey. 
A)  the coevolution of Brazil nut trees and orchids. 
B)  why Brazil nut trees do not set fruit in plantations. 
C)  why male orchid bees do not pollinate Brazil nut tree flowers. 
D)  why male orchid bees are smaller than female orchid bees. 
E)  the importance of orchid and Brazil nut tree flowers for the production of orchid bee honey.

Exam 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Cutting down rain forests can lead to

A botanist discovers a new species of land plant with a dominant sporophyte, chlorophylls a and b, and cell walls made of cellulose. In assigning this plant to a phylum, which of the following, if present, would be least useful?

Which of the following are structures of angiosperm gametophytes?

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues. -How many chromosomes should be in a tube cell nucleus?

The agouti is most directly involved with the Brazil nut tree's dispersal of

The seeds of orchids are among the smallest known, with virtually no endosperm and with miniscule seed leaves. Consequently, what should one expect to be true of such seeds?

Gymnosperms and angiosperms have the following in common except

In terms of alternation of generations, the internal parts of the pollen grains of seed-producing plants are most similar to a

Angiosperms are the most successful terrestrial plants. Which of the following features is unique to them and helps account for their success?

With respect to angiosperms, which of the following is incorrectly paired with its chromosome count?

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the fruit?

The taller a Brazil nut tree is, 1)the more valuable it is as a source of lumber. 2)the less useful it is to harpy eagles. 3)the greater its photosynthetic rate relative to neighboring plants.

Which of the following flower parts develops into a seed?

The same bees that pollinate the flowers of the Brazil nut trees pollinate orchids, which are epiphytes (in other words, plants that grow on other plants); however, orchids cannot grow on Brazil nut trees. These observations explain

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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