Question 1

Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling. 
B)  The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults. 
C)  The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults. 
D)  The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively. 
A)  Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling. 
B)  The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults. 
C)  The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults. 
D)  The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.

Question 2

The calcium and phosphate balance is influenced by which three substances?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parathyroid hormone, vasopressin, and vitamin D 
B)  Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D 
C)  Thyroid hormone, vasopressin, and vitamin A 
D)  Thyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin A 
A)  Parathyroid hormone, vasopressin, and vitamin D 
B)  Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D 
C)  Thyroid hormone, vasopressin, and vitamin A 
D)  Thyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin A

Question 3

Vomiting-induced metabolic alkalosis,resulting in the loss of chloride,causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  Retained sodium to bind with the chloride 
B)  Hydrogen to move into the cell and exchange with potassium to maintain cation balance 
C)  Retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance 
D)  Hypoventilation to compensate for the metabolic alkalosis 
A)  Retained sodium to bind with the chloride 
B)  Hydrogen to move into the cell and exchange with potassium to maintain cation balance 
C)  Retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance 
D)  Hypoventilation to compensate for the metabolic alkalosis

Question 4

Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hypocalcemia 
D)  Hypercalcemia 
A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Hyperkalemia 
C)  Hypocalcemia 
D)  Hypercalcemia

Question 5

An imbalance of potassium can produce which dysfunctions? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Weakness skeletal muscles 
B)  Cardiac dysrhythmias 
C)  Smooth muscle atony 
D)  Visual impairment 
E)  Hearing loss 
A)  Weakness skeletal muscles 
B)  Cardiac dysrhythmias 
C)  Smooth muscle atony 
D)  Visual impairment 
E)  Hearing loss

Question 6

The pathophysiologic process of edema is related to which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium depletion 
B)  Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure 
C)  Increased plasma oncotic pressure 
D)  Lymphatic obstruction 
A)  Sodium depletion 
B)  Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure 
C)  Increased plasma oncotic pressure 
D)  Lymphatic obstruction

Question 7

Insulin is used to treat hyperkalemia because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulates sodium to be removed from the cell in exchange for potassium. 
B)  Binds to potassium to remove it through the kidneys. 
C)  Transports potassium from the blood to the cell along with glucose. 
D)  Breaks down the chemical components of potassium, causing it to be no longer effective. 
A)  Stimulates sodium to be removed from the cell in exchange for potassium. 
B)  Binds to potassium to remove it through the kidneys. 
C)  Transports potassium from the blood to the cell along with glucose. 
D)  Breaks down the chemical components of potassium, causing it to be no longer effective.

Exam 3: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:

The calcium and phosphate balance is influenced by which three substances?

Vomiting-induced metabolic alkalosis,resulting in the loss of chloride,causes:

Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

An imbalance of potassium can produce which dysfunctions? (Select all that apply.)

The pathophysiologic process of edema is related to which mechanism?

Insulin is used to treat hyperkalemia because it:

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

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